1,721,006 research outputs found
IWA ecoSTP2014 – Conference Proceedings (2014)
No full textThe Conference Proceedings collect the papers presented as oral and poster presentations at the 2th IWA Specialized International Conference “ecoSTP2014 - EcoTechnologies for Wastewater Treatment", held in Verona, Italy, from 23-27 June 201
Techno-economic assessment of biorefinery scenarios based on mollusc and fish residuals
No full textBiorefineries aim to maximise resource recovery from organic sources that have been traditionally considered wastes. In this respect, leftovers from mollusc and seafood processing industries can be a source of multiple bioproducts such as protein hydrolysates (PH), calcium carbonate and co-composted biochar (COMBI). This study aims to evaluate different scenarios of biorefineries fed by mollusc (MW) and fish wastes (FW) to understand which is the most convenient to maximise their profitability. Results showed that the FW-based biorefinery obtained the highest revenues with respect to the amounts of waste treated, i.e., 955.1 €·t−1 and payback period (2.9 years). However, including MW in the biorefinery showed to increase total income as a higher amount of feedstock could be supplied to the system. The profitability of the biorefineries was mainly dependent on the selling price of hydrolysates (considered as 2 €·kg−1 in this study). However, it also entailed the highest operating costs (72.5–83.8% of total OPEX). This highlights the importance of producing high-quality PH in economic and sustainable way to increase the feasibility of the biorefinery
Energy efficient WWTPs: simulation and validation of a decision support system through modelling
No full textMathematical modelling has been tested as a decision support system to management of a biological WWTP, aimed at optimizing energetic efficiency. A conventional activated sludge plant has been studied and the ASM1 mathematical model has been implemented, calibrated and validated, by using West 2012, DHI software. Optimal operating strategies, under different operating conditions, such as variable influent loading, have been defined. Also, indicators concerning energy efficiency and effluent quality have been defined and quantified
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Modelling NOB activity under different dissolved oxygen, ammonia and nitrite concentrations
No full textBatch tests were conducted on sludge samples drawn from a nitrifying/denitrifying SBR fed on a synthetic wastewater to search for causes of the observed nitrification unbalancing, focusing on the effects of dissolved oxygen and ammoniacal and nitrous nitrogen concentrations on nitrite oxidising bacteria. Ammonium and nitrite oxidation rates were assessed by pH/DO-stat titration, i.e. by measuring the rate of addition of an alkaline solution and of an oxygen-reach solution required to maintain constant, at a selected set-point level, both pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of the sludge sample. According to experimental results, nitrite oxidising bacteria (NOB) were penalised under DO limitation (DO half saturation constant for ammonia and nitrite oxidation were 0.1 and 0.4 mg l-1, respectively). Several inhibition functions were found to describe the effect of increasing nitrite and ammonia concentrations on NOB allowing to assess the EC50 values for both chemical species
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Treatability of digested piggery/poultry manure by anammox bacteria
Full text linkThe liquid fraction of digested material is rich in ammonium and may require nitrogen removal. The aim of this research was to evaluate the applicability of the anammox process for the biological N removal from a supernatant coming from the anaerobic digestion of a mixture of piggery manure, poultry manure, and of agro-wastes. The supernatant was pre-treated in a partial nitritation pilot-scale reactor located at the farm. A batch procedure for testing the short term effect of high-strength wastewaters on anammox activity is presented. The anammox process was successfully applied for the first time to undiluted digestate, and the average N removal efficiency achieved during 350 days of experimentation in a SBR lab-scale reactor was 91%
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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