1,721,242 research outputs found
Budesonide and formoterol combination for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Current guidelines recommend the addition of inhaled steroids to bronchodilators, which are central to the symptomatic management of COPD in patients with severe disease. Budesonide/formoterol is a combination inhaled steroid and long-acting bronchodilator delivered by a dry-powder inhaler, approved for use in COPD. Two large, randomised, double-blind, 12-month studies found that combination budesonide/formoterol is more effective than either component alone in addressing many important aspects of the disease, such as pulmonary function, symptoms, use of relief medication, health-related quality of life and exacerbation in patients suffering from severe COPD. This review discusses the pharmacological and clinical properties of the drug
Utilizzo della azitromicina e.v. nel trattamento delle polmoniti acquisite in comunità
No full textAzithromycin, actually available both intravenously and orally, is indicated in the treatment of outpatients and inpatients with cardiopulmonary disease or with and without modifying factors that increase the risk of infection with specific pathogens. Intravenous azithromycin (IA) is effective in case of bacteriemia since it reaches high serum concentration; moreover IA has a good local and systemic tolerability. An analysis limited to drugs' cost showed that intravenous azithromycin/beta-lactam combination is less expensive that monotherapy with intravenous levofloxacin
Safety and pharmacological profile of tiotropium bromide
No full textBACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with progressive airflow obstruction and is characterized by a high risk of morbidity and mortality. With early detection and treatment, the natural history of this disease may be improved. So far, bronchodilator therapy is the most important treatment for COPD. Tiotropium is a bronchodilator of recent introduction. Objective: To discuss the clinical data on the safety and efficacy of tiotropium, a very long-acting antimuscarinic drug, available at present. METHODS: The Cochrane trial database, Medline, Embase, were searched systematically, and approximately 20 respiratory journals and conference abstracts were searched manually. Language of publication was limited to English. included tiotropium, COPD, anticholinergic, safety and adverse events. CONCLUSION: A large body of evidence is available at present on the safety and efficacy of tiotropium in COPD, with dry mouth being the most common adverse event. Reviews of serious adverse event data in the literature have reported that tiotropium is safe and that the incidence of these events is the same as with placebo. Tiotropium is a convenient treatment for COPD with a good clinical efficacy and safety profil
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
