1,720,973 research outputs found
Information and communication technologies e capitale intellettuale nelle piccole e medie imprese
No full textL’adozione delle nuove tecnologie della comunicazione e dell’informazione (note come ICT ) nelle grandi imprese è oramai da alcuni anni un fenomeno diffuso e, nonostante le difficoltà e le resistenze organizzative che il fenomeno ha generato inizialmente, oggi è opinione condivisa dagli studiosi e dagli operatori economici che tali tecnologie consentano di aumentare la produttività aziendale ed accrescere il valore aggiunto della gestione grazie ad un miglior sfruttamento della risorsa “informazione”. Per contro, nelle imprese di minore dimensione, oltre a registrarsi un divario nel grado di diffusione delle tecnologie più complesse, paradossalmente, alcuni ricercatori hanno dimostrato che PMI con sistemi informativi più sofisticati e complessi hanno avuto performance meno soddisfacenti rispetto a PMI dotati di sistemi informativi più elementari. Partendo dalle considerazioni innanzi dette, è sorto nello scrivente la curiosità intellettuale di valutare a quali condizioni l’introduzione delle nuove tecnologie può accrescere il capitale intellettuale (umano, organizzativo e relazionale) delle piccole e medie imprese. In sintesi, dalla ricerca condotta su un campione ragionato di PMI, emerge la consapevolezza da parte degli imprenditori della potenzialità delle ICT di accrescere il bagaglio di informazioni dei singoli lavoratori, mentre ancora non è maturata la consapevolezza che il patrimonio conoscitivo aziendale ha una dimensione fortemente sociale e collettiva e si fonda sulla capacità di modificare il sapere esplicito e codificato in sapere tacito, in parte implicito nelle procedure aziendali e in parte insito nei valori e nella cultura condivisi dai lavoratori che formano l’organismo aziendale. ese.Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in large firms provide major opportunities for obtaining added value by exploiting information as a business resource. Otherwise, there would be less evidence of the process by which small firms (SMEs) invest in, and gain benefit from, information and communication technologies.
In order to reap the real benefits of investing in ICT, SMEs should be able to enhance their performance and competitive advantage by taking a more conscious and systematic approach to knowledge management (KM). In fact, KM-activities certainly take place in small companies, but few SME entrepreneur-managers call them “knowledge management” per se. Utilizing the definition of Knowledge Management, or KM, as “the art of creating value by leveraging intangible assets” (Sveiby 1997), which consist of three groups: human capital (employees’ competencies and commitment), external capital (image and external relationships) and organisational capital (internal processes and management of the company), this article explores two main questions:
- Does the adoption of ICTs in small firms improve both human and organisational capital?
- Does the adoption of ICTs improve SME firms’ image and other external relationships?
Empirical evidence concerning use of ICT by a selected sample of Italian SMEs are presented here, and compared with those of other academic studies. The authors’ survey reveals the following:
- the main strategic purposes of ICT adoption by SMEs;
- the use of ICT in order to develop human capital (entrepreneurs’ and employees’ competencies and commitment);
- the use of ICT in order to develop external capital (image, stakeholders relations and partners network).
The results from this study suggest that even SMEs who have invested extensively in ICT tools do not adopt a comprehensive approach in their use of these new technologies
High-resolution Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Q01 (1) - Vibrational Resonance In H2 In Zone of Dicke Narrowing
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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