1,720,982 research outputs found
Oxygen administration at birth in preterm infants : A retrospective analysis
No full textObjective: The aim of the study was to retrospectively investigate the association between initial oxygen concentration in delivery room and short-term outcomes in preterm infants.Methods: Data from infants needing neonatal resuscitation, born at our department between January 2008 and December 2011, were analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups based on gestational age: between 32 and 36 weeks, between 31 and 28 weeks, and below 28 weeks.Results: The administration of each additional unit of oxygen up to 50% showed an association with a 5% increased need for mechanical ventilation (MV) in the neonatal intensive care unit in infants between 32 and 36 weeks [adjusted odds ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.1] and infants between 28 and 31 weeks (adjusted odds ratio 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.44). On the contrary, in infants below 28 weeks, increasing initial concentration of supplementary oxygen did not show any association with MV.Conclusions: Initial oxygen concentration seems to be associated with increased MV in the NICU. Our observations further stress the need for randomized controlled studies in order to obtain definitive recommendations for the optimal initial oxygen concentration during neonatal resuscitation of preterm infants
Ventilation Assistance with NCPAP and Heliox in Preterm Newborns with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
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Ventilazione a target di volume e danno polmonare da infiammazione in neonati e pretermine con RDS
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Diminuzione della Pressione Faringea durante l’uso di due diverse modalità di ventilazione in pressione positiva continua (CPAP): risultati preliminari
No full textMedication Use in Neonates : Data from a Computer Based Clinical Chart of an Italian NICU
No full textBACKGROUND: Despite major improvements in neonatal care, information on the medication use remain poor and a great percentage of drugs are still not labeled for pediatric use.
OBJECTIVE: To present a picture of medication use in a large Italian NICU and to determine the extent use of off and on-label drugs on neonates, using a computer based clinical chart.
DESIGN/METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all drugs administered in our NICU during the year 2009 has been conducted. The drug treatment process was electronically assisted and recorded in the computer based clinical chart. Clinical data and information on therapeutic process were analyzed. Medicines with no information for pediatric use in the marketing authorization or used with no regard to authorized age/dose/route of administration were off-label.
RESULTS: 641 patients were admitted to our NICU. 439 patients (68.4%) were preterm: 8.2% ≤ 26 wga (week of gestational age), 10.9% 27-30 wga, 42.5% 31-33 wga, 38.4% 34-36 wga. 202 (31.6%) were term infants. 8.9% had a birth weight ≤ 1000 g, 13.8% 1001-1500g, 15.9% 1501-2000 g, 17.5% 2001-2500g, 43.9% > 2500 g.
Medications at our disposal were 191: 47.6% were for parenteral route, 24% for oral route, 2.6% for inhalation, 1% for endotracheal instillation, the other through several routes. 24% of medicines were on-label, 75.5% off-label and 0.5% unlicenced.
The total amount of drug doses was 121686: 44.3% off-label, 55% on-label and 0.7% unlicenced. 16309 doses (13.4%) were given to term (54.5% off-label) and 105377 doses (86.6%) to preterm (42.7% off-label) infants. The percentage of off-label doses was greater for lower gestational ages.
According to the ATC Classification System, group J (Antiinfectives for systemic use) (31 drugs; off-label 61.3%), C (Cardiovascular system) (20 drugs; off-label 80%) and A (Alimentary tract and metabolism) (16 drugs; off-label 68.8) drugs were the majority of the medications we used, corresponding to 22325 (18.5%; off-label 55.7%), 13148 (10.8%; off-label 97.2%) and 55108 (45.5%; off-label 23%) administrations, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms a persistent extremely high percentage of off-label medicines for neonates. Even if an off-label use of drugs does not imply an improper use, labeling is important to reduce medication errors. Initiatives aiming to promote research in newborn population have to be promote
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Descrizione di un caso di atresia laringea congenita : gestione alla nascita con tecnica exit e follow-up
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