1,720,984 research outputs found
Analytical models to assess the potential of waste-based industrial plants in the energy transition: an application to the steelmaking sector
Get PDFHuman activities, such as fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have led to increased
greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. To mitigate these effects, countries have
pledged to limit global warming to 1.5°C and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. This
requires a transition to renewable energy sources, including photovoltaic panels, wind
turbines, hydrogen, and biomethane. While progress has been made in the context of the
energy transition, additional actions are required to reach the goal of reducing greenhouse
gas emissions to net-zero.
The steelmaking sector is particularly challenging to decarbonise due to its reliance on
fossil fuels. However, the so-called secondary route, which involves melting recycled steel
scrap in an electric arc furnace, offers a real decarbonisation potential. This route can be
supported by the production of direct reduced iron, which can be produced using
hydrogen instead of natural gas.
Waste valorisation, which involves converting waste into energy or other valuable
products, can also play a role in the energy transition. Waste valorisation plants can indeed
produce both electricity, hydrogen, and biomethane. However, current waste valorisation
assessment methods lack consideration of their role in the ongoing energy transition.
Consistent with these gaps, the present work aims to develop analytical models to evaluate
waste valorisation plants' economic and environmental performance within the context of
the energy transition.
A cost and investment analysis carried out with respect to three waste-to-energy plants
allowed to identify gasification as the best option to support the current energy transition,
due to its high electricity output despite high operational costs. The application of the
environmental analytical models developed to compare different waste valorisation
alternatives from the anaerobic digestion of waste, showed that biomethane production is
better than electricity production, while hydrogen production is better than biomethane
production. Moreover, the application of an environmental analytical model to the EU
2020 and 2030 scenarios showed that waste-based hydrogen production routes offer
significant decarbonization potential.
An economic model moreover showed that the secondary steelmaking route, supported
by direct reduced iron production, prove to be profitable despite cost and carbon pricing fluctuations. An environmental analytical model allowed to find that national energy mixes
play a crucial role in enabling sector decarbonization. Finally, it was found that waste-based
hydrogen routes can accelerate decarbonization in steelmaking, enabling low-emission
steel production even before large-scale electrolyzer installation becomes viable.
These findings underscore the importance of incorporating energy transition
considerations into waste valorisation assessments to optimize resource utilization and
advance sustainable energy solutions
Numerical investigation of single phase forced convection of nanofluids in circular tubes
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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