1,720,966 research outputs found
Noninvasive longitudinal assessment of facial growth in children and adolescents with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
No full textFacial growth patterns in 12 subjects (six boys and six girls) with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) were analyzed and compared with facial growth patterns obtained in healthy reference peers. All subjects with HED were aged 7 yr (mean age ± standard deviation: 7.08 ± 0.41 yr) at the first examination and 14 yr (mean age ± standard deviation: 14.56 ± 0.34 yr) at the last examination. In each subject, the three-dimensional coordinates of facial landmarks were collected non-invasively at eight subsequent years. The volumes of forehead, nose, maxilla and mandible, upper lips, and lower lips were estimated. For each facial volume, differential values between different time points were calculated individually, separately for the 'childhood' (7–10 yr) and the 'adolescence' (11–14 yr) growth period in both HED and reference subjects. Children and adolescents with HED had a slightly reduced global facial growth in comparison with normal reference peers. The peak mandibular and maxillary development was delayed by approximately 2 yr towards later adolescence. The present non-invasive system seems to be useful for studying longitudinal changes of facial growth in healthy and syndromic subjects
Craniofacial growth in ectodermal dysplasia : an 8 year longitudinal evaluation of Italian subjects
No full textOBJECTIVE: To identify the main directions of growth of facial structures in subjects with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 3D noninvasive facial measurements were collected in 12 subjects (6 boys, 6 girls) with HED during four assessments (at 8, 11, 12, and 15 years) using an electromagnetic digitizer. The modifications of linear distances in the upper, middle, and lower third of the face were analyzed and compared with cross-sectional data obtained in normal healthy coetaneous. For each distance, differential values between the last and the initial data were calculated individually, separately for a first (8-11 years) and a second growth period (12-15 years).
RESULTS: In the first time span, the growth of all facial measurements was reduced in HED subjects compared with control subjects. During this interval, most of the HED children underwent a functional and/or prosthetic treatment. During adolescence, the width and height of the lower and upper facial thirds showed a larger growth in HED subjects than in control subjects, while all facial depths and all distances in the middle facial third maintained a reduced growth.
CONCLUSIONS: The deviation from normal facial growth of HED subjects tends to lessen with age. Functional and prosthetic appliances may have enhanced facial growth
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Three-dimensional facial morphometry of attractive adolescent boys and girls
No full textOBJECTIVES: To identify reference standards and possible esthetic features of facial size and form of Italian adolescent boys and girls. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: A three-dimensional electromagnetic digitizer was used to collect the coordinates of 50 facial landmarks (forehead, eyes, nose, cheeks, mouth, jaw, ears) in 231 healthy, reference adolescents (10-17 years old) and in 93 "attractive" adolescents selected by a commercial casting; soft tissue facial angles, distances and volumes were computed. RESULTS: Attractive adolescents had wider and shorter faces than reference subjects of the same age and sex, with relatively larger upper and middle facial thirds, and a reduced mandible relative to the maxilla. Lips were larger and more prominent, and the nasolabial angle was reduced, but in older boys the effect was reversed. The prominence of the soft-tissue profile, and of the maxilla relative to the mandible, were larger in attractive boys, but smaller in attractive girls than in their reference peers. Attractive adolescents had a relatively less prominent chin relative to the lower lip, with increased values of the mentolabial angle. In the horizontal plane, attractive "young" adolescents had a more obtuse mandibular convexity angle, while the opposite pattern was observed in the "old" adolescent subjects, with a relatively more prominent chin. Attractive adolescents had smaller noses than reference subjects of the same age and sex. CONCLUSION: Esthetic reference values have been identified which could be used to determine optimal timing and goals in orthodontic treatment
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