1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Tear and serum soluble leukocyte activation markers in conjunctival allergic diseases
No full textPURPOSE: To measure markers of leukocyte activation in patients with an exclusively ocular inflammatory or bacterial disease. METHODS: Neutrophil myeloperoxidase, eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil neurotoxin, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor were measured in serum and tears of 17 patients with allergic vernal keratoconjunctivitis, seven with atopic keratoconjunctivitis, ii with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, seven with giant papillary conjunctivitis, 13 with rosacea blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, seven with bacterial conjunctivitis, and 13 normal subjects as controls. RESULTS: In serum of patients with vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis, levels of eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil neurotoxin, and interleukin-2 receptor were significantly increased compared with control subjects but were not correlated with the severity of ocular symptoms. In tears of patients with vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis and seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, as well as in the nonallergic diseases, rosacea blepharokeratoconjunctivitis and bacterial conjunctivitis, levels of eosinophil cationic protein, neurotoxin, and interleukin-2 receptor were significantly increased compared with control subjects. The highest values of these markers were found in vernal keratoconjunctivitis samples. Neutrophil myeloperoxidase was significantly increased in vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis, rosacea blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, and bacterial conjunctivitis. In vernal keratoconjunctivitis, tear markers were correlated to the clinical score of the disease, but not with cytology. CONCLUSIONS: Tear histamine was measured in 10 allergic patients after allergen challenge. Although none of the above markers can be considered specific to a single disease, their measurement may still be useful for the quantification of local cell activation in ocular inflammatory diseases. (Am J Ophthalmol 2000;129:151-158. (C) 2000 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Valutazione della suscettibilità del persico reale (Perca fluviatilis) a setticemia emorragica virale (SEV) e necrosi ematopoietica infettiva (NEI).
No full textIl persico reale (Perca fluviatilis) chiamato anche pesce persico o ancora più semplicemente persico è un pesce di acqua dolce appartenente alla famiglia dei Percidi dell'ordine dei Perciformes. È una specie originaria dell'Europa centro-settentrionale e dell'Asia fino alla Siberia. È autoctono e diffuso in ambienti lacustri e fluviali in Italia del nord e centrale nonché presente in alcune zone dell'Italia meridionale e insulare. È un pesce piuttosto eurialino, resistente ed adattabile, tanto che è molto comune in tutta Europa.
La setticemia emorragica virale (SEV) e la necrosi ematopoietica infettiva (NEI) le due più gravi patologie virali dei salmonidi. Gli agenti causali sono due RNA virus appartenenti alla famiglia rhabdoviridae. Entrambe queste malattie sono inserite nell’elenco delle malattie soggette a notifica secondo il D. Lgs. 148/2008 (applicazione della direttiva 2006/88 /CE) e ai sensi del Code OIE. Per l’acquacoltura italiana, la specie target delle due malattie è la trota iridea (Onchorinchus mykiss), che manifesta elevati tassi di morbilità e mortalità. La specie P. fluviatilis non risulta fra le specie sensibili a tali infezioni virali appartenenti all’elenco delle malattie non esotiche, ne all’elenco delle specie vettrici di cui al Regolamento CE n. 1251/2008 ed i pochi dati ritrovati in bibliografia la indicherebbero come specie resistente a tali malattie (D.Lgs. n. 148/2008; Reg CE n. 1251/2008; McAllister, 1990; Parere EFSA 2007; parere EFSA 2008). E’ pur vero che è stato riportato l’isolamento di un ceppo di SEV da pesce persico in Italia (Selli et al 2004) e che P. flavescens è stato segnalato come sensibile sia in natura che sperimentalmente a tale malattia (EFSA 2007 & 2008, Olson et al. 2013). Alla luce di questi dati, con il presente lavoro si è voluto saggiare la sensibilità del persico reale ai principali patogeni virali dei salmonidi (SEV e NEI) in condizioni controllate.
Lo studio è stato condotto infettando per bagno 28 esemplari di persico con i due virus (105 TCID50/ml per la SEV e 105 TCID50/ml per la NEI) e monitorando gli animali per i 30 giorni successivi all’infezione. Due vasche contenenti ciascuna 40 esemplari di trota iridea sono state infettate alla stessa maniera e utilizzate come controllo positivo. Gli animali sono stati stabulati alla temperatura di 10-11 gradi per tutta la durata dell’infezione. Gli esemplari morti e soppressi al termine della prova sono stati analizzati singolarmente tramite Real Time RT-PCR per i diversi virus e le curve di mortalità sono state calcolate mediante analisi Kaplan-Meier. Inoltre, sugli stessi campioni, si è proceduto alla conferma diagnostica mediante re-isolamento su colture cellulari. A fronte di una mortalità del 70% e 40% in trote iridee infettate con SEV e NEI rispettivamente, nessun sintomo clinico né mortalità è stata rilevata nei persici. Le analisi in real time RT-PCR e isolamento virale hanno confermato la negatività per entrambi virus testati di tutti i campioni prelevati dai persici al termine della prova.
Il risultati ottenuti dimostrano che il pesce persico è una specie refrattaria alle principali malattie virali dei salmonidi (SEV e NEI)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Approximate dynamic programming-based control of a building cooling system with thermal storage
No full textThe paper addresses the energy management of a building cooling system comprising a chiller plant with two chillers, a thermal storage unit, and a cooling load representing a building. Uncertainty affects the system since the cooling load depends on the building occupancy. The goal is minimizing the energy consumption of the cooling system, while preserving comfort in the building. This is achieved by optimally distributing the cooling load demand among the chillers and the thermal storage unit, and modulating the building temperature set-point to some (limited) extent. The problem can be decomposed into a static optimization problem, and a dynamic programming problem, which is solved based on the abstraction to a Markov chain of the stochastic hybrid system modeling the cooling system
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