1,720,971 research outputs found
La scelta delle madri di non allattare, studio epidemiologico presso la Clinica Mangiagalli
No full textNonostante i noti benefici del latte materno e dell’allattamento, alcune madri scelgono di non allattare al seno il proprio bambino, preferendo ad esso l’allattamento artificiale.
Studi internazionali hanno identificato i fattori che influenzano la decisione di allattare al seno; tuttavia, la scarsa conoscenza di questo fenomeno e la sociale considerazione “negativa” della madre che non allatta, hanno suscitato l’interesse per la realizzazione di questo studio.
Il campione studiato è rappresentato dalle donne che non hanno allattato al seno per scelta nella Clinica Mangiagalli di Milano, dal 10 maggio al 10 agosto 2011.
Lo studio si prepone di stimare la prevalenza del fenomeno in studio, osservare l’epidemiologia del fenomeno, individuare alcune delle motivazioni che spingono le donne a prendere questa scelta e considerare il coinvolgimento degli operatori sanitari, in particolare dell’ostetrica nella decisione delle donne di non allattare.
I dati sono stati raccolti tramite un questionario e un’intervista semistrutturata, somministrati individualmente a ciascuna donna coinvolta nello studio.
La prevalenza del campione è risultata del 3%. I fattori epidemiologici di cui si può ipotizzare un’associazione alla scelta di non allattare sono stati: la pluriparità, l’aver vissuto precedenti allattamenti difficoltosi, aver affrontato un taglio cesareo programmato, non aver frequentato alcun corso pre parto e la scarsa informazione sull’allattamento al seno. Le motivazioni personali più riportate dalle madri sono state: aver incontrato difficoltà con l’allattamento precedente, aver considerato l’allattamento artificiale il metodo più pratico, aver ricevuto suggerimenti dagli operatori sanitari e avere un’avversione personale all’allattamento materno.
I fattori psicologici, come l’avversione personale all’allattamento o il non essere state allattate dalle proprie madri, rimangono fenomeni poco conosciuti e pertanto meritano studi approfonditi. Si ipotizzano dei piani di assistenza per le donne in maternità, rivolti in particolare alle ostetriche, con lo scopo di garantire la miglior informazione sull’allattamento al seno e la sua promozione affinché le madri possano sostenere una scelta informata e consapevole
Complesso Magnetico Aperto A Tre Facce Attive, Particolarmente Per La Formazione Diimmagini Per Risonanza Magnetica
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Italian women who did not intend to breastfeed : a descriptive study
No full textThe aim of this study is to identify some characteristics of women who, before having delivered their babies, decide not
to breastfeed. To date there are no Italian studies trying to understand characteristics and reasons of mothers who do not want to breastfeed.
In Italy at the time of discharge from hospitals 2–3% of women have already made the decision to inhibit the onset of
lactation. In this descriptive study women suppressed their milk supply with some medication straight after delivery
as they did not wish to breastfeed. One hundred and ninety-two mothers from a hospital in Northern Italy, taking
Cabergoline 1 mg by mouth after delivery, were studied with Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Cluster Analysis.
Variables analysed were taken from clinical records and by interviewing each woman once.
Five clusters were found: each group describes a different profile of women who intended not to breastfeed.
This study revealed that variables linked to the choice of inhibiting the onset of lactation are complex. Each woman
is unique and some factors, which have emerged from clusters, can help health professionals to target appropriate
interventions, as it is very important to counsel mothers about the best way of feeding newborns
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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