1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Dispersioni solide di carbamazepina e copolimero PEG6000/vinilcaprolattame/vinilacetato
No full textLa formulazione di dispersioni solide di un principio attivo (API) e un eccipiente idrofilo (carrier) rappresenta un approccio molto studiato per la veicolazione di farmaci poco solubili. Tali sistemi possono essere allestiti secondo metodi riconducibili a operazioni di co-solubilizzazione o di co-fusione, atte a determinare l’instaurarsi di interazioni allo stato solido tra i due componenti in modo da migliorare la velocità di dissoluzione dell’API. Nel caso della co-solubilizzazione API e carrier sono sciolti in un solvente comune, generalmente organico, successivamente allontanato per evaporazione sotto vuoto o mediante spray drying. Nella co-fusione una miscela dei due componenti viene riscaldata fino a fusione degli stessi o comunque fino al raggiungimento ad un opportuno grado di rammollimento. La massa così ottenuta una volta solidificata per raffreddamento viene macinata. Quest’ultima modalità presenta maggiori possibilità di sviluppo industriale sia perché non prevede l’impiego di solventi organici, sia per la crescente affermazione dei sistemi di Hot Melt Extrusion nel settore farmaceutico. E’ quindi sempre di attualità la ricerca di nuovi materiali da impiegare quali carriers per la formulazione di dispersioni solide. Recentemente è stato immesso sul mercato un nuovo copolimero (Soluplus®, SLP) costituito da PEG6000, vinilcaprolattame e vinilacetato; SLP presenta buone proprietà tensioattivanti, è stabile al riscaldamento e termoplastico (Tg ~80°C).
Scopo di questo studio è una valutazione di SLP nella preparazione di dispersioni solide per co-fusione contenenti un carbamazepina (CBZ) come farmaco modello poco solubile. Miscele fisiche (PM) di CBZ (forma III, stabile a temperatura ambiente, t.a.) e SLP in diverse proporzioni (1:9, 3:7, 1:1 e 7:3 p/p) e le corrispondenti dispersioni solide (co-melts, CM) ottenute per riscaldamento su piastra sono state caratterizzate in termini di proprietà dello stato solido mediante diffrattometria ai raggi x su polveri (PXRD), calorimetria differenziale a scansione (DSC) e test di dissoluzione.
Dalle misure di caratterizzazione fisica risulta che la CBZ contenuta nelle miscele fisiche si trova nella forma cristallina originaria; le stesse presentano un profilo di dissoluzione molto simile tra di loro e a quello del farmaco tal quale. Al contrario, i dati PXRD e DSC indicano come tutto l’attivo sia in forma di dispersione molecolare per i CM con carico di CBZ fino al 30% (che si configurano quindi come vere e proprie soluzioni solide), e in parte anche in forma amorfa e/o cristallina (polimorfo I, metastabile a t.a.) in quelli a maggior carico. I profili di dissoluzione dei CM 1:9 e 3:7 p/p mostrano un importante aumento della velocità di passaggio in soluzione rispetto all’attivo tal quale. Per i sistemi a maggior carico, invece, si ottiene una velocità simile (CM 1:1) o addirittura inferiore (CM 7:3) rispetto alle corrispondenti PM. Tale risultato è stato spiegato ipotizzando un contributo dovuto alla possibile concomitante conversione in forma diidrata - più stabile e quindi meno solubile - della parte amorfa/cristallina di attivo presente in questi sistemi.
Nel complesso i risultati indicano la possibilità di ottenere con metodo a caldo dispersioni solide a base di SLP, in grado di migliorare le proprietà biofarmaceutiche di CBZ, soprattutto quando l’attivo è incorporato nella dispersione in quantità fino al 30%. Questi risultati sono da considerarsi promettenti nell’ottica di una applicazione industriale di SLP in processi di Hot Melt Extrusion
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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