1,721,045 research outputs found
Profile of the Italian Farmer: the main entrepreneurial types
No full textThe aim of this work was to schematise the main strategic profiles found in Italian farming. In a scenario of widespread
structural weakness in Italy’s agricultural sector, we found a broad entrepreneurial area where farmers with a high risk of
extinction work together with farmers who are able to allocate their family resources efficiently both within and outside their
farms. In this context, it would be appropriate to implement a new framework of public intervention in the agricultural
sector in Europe, which would consider the overall features belonging to the family’s objective function in decision-making,
such as the presence of work outside the farm. In Italy, the rationale of the farmers’ decision-making process is chiefly
consistent with the overall socio-economic environment surrounding the family, as confirmed by our econometric analysis.
Although the income level of the different types introduced in the analysis is positively affected by the presence of public
support, total aid appears unable to provide a stimulus for farmers, generating considerable farm revenue dependent of offfarm income for their survival
Disagio rurale, rischio povertà e fenomeni di esclusione sociale
No full textIl concetto di povertà è mutato nel corso del tempo e con esso la caratterizzazione dei fenomeni di povertà rurale. La condizione di povertà è oggi determinata solo parzialmente dalla condizione reddituale e spesso non è misurabile con indicatori sintetici. Inoltre, proprio in relazione all’importanza assunta dal sistema di capabilities e functioning nella determinazione della condizione di povertà, ha trovato sempre maggiore diffusione, accanto al concetto di povertà assoluta, quello di povertà relativa.
All’interno di questa cornice muta anche l’approccio allo studio della povertà in agricoltura e nelle aree rurali. Pur rimanendo un problema di preminente importanza, il tema della povertà e degli interventi per rimuoverla assumono connotazioni diverse, legate alla competitività dei territori più che alla capacità del settore di assicurare redditi adeguati.
Tale orizzonte ha, d’altronde, segnato lo stesso processo di revisione delle politiche a sostegno del settore agricolo. Gli originari obiettivi della Politica Agricola Comunitaria (PAC), tra cui quello di colmare il gap tra redditi agricoli e urbani, sono stati sostituiti da un nuovo paradigma di intervento, fondato sulla soddisfazione di bisogni collettivi e sulla dimensione territoriale del sostegno.
In questo quadro il tema della povertà in agricoltura assume sempre meno connotati specifici e settoriali e l’attenzione si sposta soprattutto sulla dimensione territoriale e sul rischio di declino che caratterizza molti territori rurali.
La recente letteratura economico-agraria sul tema evidenzia l’importanza assunta dai percorsi di integrazione del reddito all’interno delle strategie traiettorie aziendali e la valenza strategica che la collocazione territoriale può avere nella scelta di intraprendere o dare continuità all’esercizio dell’attività agricola.
Quindi la nuova generazione di politiche per i territori rurali, operante a partire da Agenda 2000, rappresenta oggi, una leva fondamentale per combattere il disagio sociale e la povertà nelle aree rurali
Su questo terreno si apre una delle sfide più importanti per il futuro della lotta alla povertà e all’esclusione sociale in agricoltura e nelle aree rurali. Costruire nuove capacità di governo dei territori e generare nuove occasioni di reddito e socialità attorno ai contenuti identitari e relazionali dei sistemi territoriali apre necessariamente anche lo spazio per una riflessione approfondita sull’articolazione delle responsabilità territoriali e sulle capacità di gestire il cambiamento che da essa prendono pied
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
An incubator model based on the territorial value chain
No full textPolicies to promote and encourage local foods may take many different shapes depending on both the specific targets and strategies. Some policies, especially at a local level, promote supply-chain vertical and horizontal integration as a comprehensive strategy which aims to
help firms pursue several of the promoting policies. A business model that focuses its attention on the consumer of the product and territory can be a crucial driver in generating a ‘land fecundation’ as a response to globalization. The aim of the paper is to investigate the link between rural development and territorialisation, exploring the role of Local Action Groups Integrated Projects of Food Chain and Rural Development
Programmes from 2007-2013 in a region in Southern Italy. The article makes use of a value chain approach, starting with Porter’s value chain model and five forces model of competition; it proposes a methodological framework for the development of an organisational model that includes and builds networks between the several stakeholders and local programmes, creating a shared strategy to revitalising the area and the food choices of its residents. This revitalising process takes place through the implementation of a multi-purpose incubator establishing
strong partnerships that are able to foster complementarities among all rural stakeholders. Conclusions and implications for policy makers are drawn: a model of territorial organisation could link territorial capital and local stakeholders, and therefore the programming carried out under the entire RDP
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