4 research outputs found
The Olympic Games and associative sponsorship: Brand personality identity creation, communication and congruence
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the brand relationships between a mega-sports event, the Olympic Games, and its branded main sponsors, using the lens of brand personality. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses the internet-based website communications of the sponsor and event brands to assess congruence in brand personality identity exhibited in the communications of sponsors and how these relate to the event brand itself. A lexical analysis of the website text identifies and graphically represents the dominant brand personality traits of the brands relative to each other. Findings: The results show the Olympic Games is communicating excitement as a leading brand personality dimension. Sponsors of the Olympics largely take on its dominant brand dimension, but do not adapt their whole brand personality to that of the Olympics and benefit by adding excitement without losing their individual character. The transference is more pronounced for long-running sponsors. Practical implications: Sponsorship of the Olympic Games does give brands the opportunity to capture or borrow the excitement dimension alongside building or reinforcing their own dominant brand personality trait or to begin to subtly alter their brand positioning. Originality/value: This study is the first to examine how the sponsor’s brand aligns with the event being sponsored as a basis for developing a strong shared image and associative dimensions complimentary to the positioning of the brand itself
Seeing faces: evidence suggesting cortical disinhibition in the genesis of visual hallucinations.
No full textThe neural mechanisms responsible for triggering visual hallucinations are poorly understood. Here, we report a unique patient whose hallucinations consist exclusively of faces, and which could be reliably precipitated by looking at trees. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we found that, while face hallucinations was associated with increased neural activity in a number of cortical regions, including low-level visual areas, there was significant decreased activity in the right fusiform face area, a region that is empirically defined by increase activity during veridical perception of faces. These findings indicate key differences in how hallucinatory and veridical perceptions lead to the same phenomenological experience of seeing faces, and are consistent with the hypothesis that hallucinations may be generated by decreased inhibitory inputs to key cortical regions, in contrast to the excitatory synaptic inputs underlying veridical perception
Unraveling the Impact of Hole Transport Materials on Photostability of Perovskite Films and p–i–n Solar Cells
No full textWe investigated the
impact of a series of hole transport layer
(HTL) materials such as Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene
sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), NiOx, poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine
(PTAA), and polytriarylamine (PTA) on photostability of thin films
and solar cells based on MAPbI3, Cs0.15FA0.85PbI3, Cs0.1MA0.15FA0.75PbI3, Cs0.1MA0.15FA0.75Pb(Br0.15I0.85)3, and
Cs0.15FA0.85Pb(Br0.15I0.85)3 complex lead halides. Mixed halide perovskites showed
reduced photostability in comparison with similar iodide-only compositions.
In particular, we observed light-induced recrystallization of all
perovskite films except MAPbI3 with the strongest effects
revealed for Br-containing systems. Moreover, halide and β FAPbI3 phase segregations were also observed mostly in mixed-halide
systems. Interestingly, coating perovskite films with the PCBM layer
spectacularly suppressed light-induced growth of crystalline domains
as well as segregation of Br-rich and I-rich phases or β FAPbI3. We strongly believe that all three effects are promoted
by the light-induced formation of surface defects, which are healed
by adjacent PCBM coating. While comparing different hole-transport
materials, we found that NiOx and PEDOT:PSS
are the least suitable HTLs because of their interfacial (photo)chemical
interactions with perovskite absorbers. On the contrary, polyarylamine-type
HTLs PTA and PTAA form rather stable interfaces, which makes them
the best candidates for durable p–i–n perovskite solar
cells. Indeed, multilayered ITO/PTA(A)/MAPbI3/PCBM stacks
revealed no aging effects within 1000 h of continuous light soaking
and delivered stable and high power conversion efficiencies in solar
cells. The obtained results suggest that using polyarylamine-type
HTLs and simple single-phase perovskite compositions pave a way for
designing stable and efficient perovskite solar cells
Unraveling the Impact of Hole Transport Materials on Photostability of Perovskite Films and p–i–n Solar Cells
No full textWe investigated the
impact of a series of hole transport layer
(HTL) materials such as Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene
sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), NiOx, poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine
(PTAA), and polytriarylamine (PTA) on photostability of thin films
and solar cells based on MAPbI3, Cs0.15FA0.85PbI3, Cs0.1MA0.15FA0.75PbI3, Cs0.1MA0.15FA0.75Pb(Br0.15I0.85)3, and
Cs0.15FA0.85Pb(Br0.15I0.85)3 complex lead halides. Mixed halide perovskites showed
reduced photostability in comparison with similar iodide-only compositions.
In particular, we observed light-induced recrystallization of all
perovskite films except MAPbI3 with the strongest effects
revealed for Br-containing systems. Moreover, halide and β FAPbI3 phase segregations were also observed mostly in mixed-halide
systems. Interestingly, coating perovskite films with the PCBM layer
spectacularly suppressed light-induced growth of crystalline domains
as well as segregation of Br-rich and I-rich phases or β FAPbI3. We strongly believe that all three effects are promoted
by the light-induced formation of surface defects, which are healed
by adjacent PCBM coating. While comparing different hole-transport
materials, we found that NiOx and PEDOT:PSS
are the least suitable HTLs because of their interfacial (photo)chemical
interactions with perovskite absorbers. On the contrary, polyarylamine-type
HTLs PTA and PTAA form rather stable interfaces, which makes them
the best candidates for durable p–i–n perovskite solar
cells. Indeed, multilayered ITO/PTA(A)/MAPbI3/PCBM stacks
revealed no aging effects within 1000 h of continuous light soaking
and delivered stable and high power conversion efficiencies in solar
cells. The obtained results suggest that using polyarylamine-type
HTLs and simple single-phase perovskite compositions pave a way for
designing stable and efficient perovskite solar cells
