1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ausgepackt : Praktiken der Erzeugung und Vermeidung von Verpackungsabfällen
No full textDie Dissertation untersucht Lebensmittelverpackungsabfälle als soziales Phänomen. Mithilfe von Praxistheorien richtet sie den Blick auf ernährungsbezogene Praktiken, in denen Verpackungen verwendet und vermieden werden – und damit auf das Zusammenspiel von Stabilität und Wandel. Artikel I zeigt, wie Einwegverpackungen in häusliche Praktiken verwoben sind und wie ihre materielle Flexibilität ihre Nutzung sichert. Artikel II analysiert am Beispiel des verpackungsfreien Einkaufs, wie neue Praktiken Personen rekrutieren, und führt das Konzept der Verbindungspunkte ein. Artikel III rekonstruiert das Aufkommen des Verpackens in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts als Teil einer Konfiguration und zeigt, wie Praktiken es stabilisieren. Insgesamt wird deutlich, dass Verpackungsabfälle entstehen, weil Verpackungen für die Performanz und Konfiguration ernährungsbezogener Praktiken erforderlich sind – und dass ihre Vermeidung eine Transformation dieser erfordert
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Handeln in riskanten Umwelten - Überlebenssicherung um welchen Preis? : Das Beispiel der Region Atakora in Nord-Benin
Full text linkTrotz Naturschutz geht das Artensterben voran und die Klimakrise erreicht fast alle Weltregionen und verursacht aufgrund von Unvorhersehbarkeiten die Destabilisierung von sozialen und ökologischen Räumen. Um einen sicheren Handlungsspielraum für die Menschheit zu gewährleisten, wird eine gesellschaftliche „Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit“ von Teilen der Wissenschaft gefordert, die durch eine Neubewertung von Mensch-Natur-Beziehungen in sozialen Feldern in Gang gesetzt werden soll.
Daran anknüpfend verfolgt diese Dissertation das Ziel die Strategien zu untersuchen, die im Sinne einer Anpassung an die Politisierung von Natur, in der Naturressourcen aufgrund steigender Nachfrage immer knapper werden und Konkurrenzsituationen zwischen verschiedenen Akteursgruppen eintreten, von den Akteuren Atakoras in ihren Gemeinschaften rund um den Pendjari-Nationalpark gewählt werden. Der Fokus ist hierbei auf die Art und Weise gelegt, wie soziale Akteure mit unterschiedlicher politischer Macht und Entscheidungskraft dabei Risiken produzieren bzw. in Kauf nehmen. Der Handlungserfolg im Sinne einer Herabsetzung von Verwundbarkeit und Stabilisierung der Lebenssituation wird mittels des wissenschaftlichen Paradigmas des Kritischen Realismus, des Forschungsansatzes der Grounded Theory, Ansätzen aus der Geographischen Entwicklungs- und Risikoforschung (Risikokonstellationen, Livelihood-Ansatz, Bourdieus Theorie der Praxis, travelling models) sowie partizipativer Instrumente analysiert.
Das Haupthandlungsresultat lokaler Akteure Atakoras im Kontext ihrer Lebensgrundlagensicherung ist die Zerstörung von Ökosystemen (ZÖ). Dieses Risiko nehmen sie u.a. durch die aktuelle Gestaltung der riskanten Umwelt des Ackerbaus in Kauf, der laut der Forschungsteilnehmer am meisten zur Lebensgrundlagensicherung und zur Produktion von Finanzkapital beiträgt. Die Risikokonstellation von ZÖ wird in Atakora durch verschiedene Gefahren, wie insbesondere das vorherrschende eurozentrische Armuts-Verständnis, die Globalisierung und die Klimakrise, begünstigt. Doch erst durch die Wirkung von Naturschutz durch den Pendjari-Nationalpark konnten die anderen Gefahren in der Untersuchungsregion wirksam werden, weshalb der Naturschutz den größten Effekt auf die Risikokonstellation von ZÖ hat und alternative historische Mensch-Natur-Beziehungen aberkannt werden. Insofern lässt sich aus den Forschungsergebnissen schließen, dass die in Atakora produzierten riskanten Umwelten das sogenannte Anthropozän verstärken und somit das global verfolgte Ziel der „Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit“ noch nicht effektiv erfüllen.Agency in risky environments – Survival at what cost? The case of the Atakora region in northern Benin
Nature conservation is failing to halt the extinction of species, which leads to the destabilization of social and ecological spaces. Many scientists therefore plead for the implementing of a societal “transformation to sustainability” to address the interconnections and interdependencies between natural and human systems in social sciences.
Following on from this, this dissertation aims to investigate the strategies used by the communities of Atakora in the riparian regions of the Pendjari National Park in terms of an adaptation to the politicization of nature, in which different groups of actors are competing for access to and usage authorization of scarce natural resources. The primary focus lies in the way in which social actors with various political and decision-making power fight to gain access to and control over natural resources in Atakora and how in this way, they produce risky action fields. The agency of local actors of Atakora that secures their livelihoods is investigated and analysed in this dissertation using the scientific paradigm of critical realism, the scientific approach of grounded theory, the approaches from geographical development and risk research (riskscapes, livelihood approach, Bourdieu’s theory of practice, traveling models) and instruments from participatory research.
The main result of local agencies in Atakora to secure livelihoods is the destruction of ecosystems. Local actors accept this risk due to the current design of the risky action field of arable farming among others, which according to the research participants contributes most to securing livelihoods and to the production of financial capital. The riskscapes of the destruction of ecosystems in Atakora are helped by various hazards, in particular the prevailing Eurocentric understanding of poverty, globalization and the climate crisis. However, it was only through the effects of nature conservation by means of the creation of the Pendjari National Park that the other hazards could become effective. For this reason, nature conservation has the greatest effect on the destruction of ecosystems in Atakora and alternative local historical human-nature relations are not valued as containment strategies for the Anthropocene. Consequently, it can be concluded that the risky action fields produced in Atakora reinforce the so-called Anthropocene and thus do not yet effectively fulfil the globally pursued goal of “transformation to sustainability”
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