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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ontwikkeling en biologische evaluatie van radioliganden voor in vivo visualisatie van de cannabinoid type 2 receptor met positronemissie tomografie
No full textDe cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) en cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB 2R) zijn onderdeel van het endocannabinoid systeem, dat ook endogene lig anden zoals anandamide en 2- arachidonoyl glycerol omvat, samen met meta bolisatie- en transportproteïnen. De CB1R wordt tegenwoordig uitgebreid onderzocht omwille van zijn betrokkenheid in de therapeutische en psycho actieve effecten van cannabinoïden in het centraal zenuwstelsel. De CB2R is gerelateerd aan het immuunsysteem en wordt ondere andere geëx primeerd in milt, lymfeknopen en amandelen. In het centraal zenuwstelsel werd slechts lage CB2R expressie waargenomen. Bij sommige ziekteb eeldenwordt de CB2R echter overgeëxprimeerd, voornamelijk in geactiveerd e microglia. Perifere CB2R overexpressie werd waargenomen in tumor en, inflammatie van het endometrium en in humane en muis atherosclerotis che plaques. In het centraal zenuwstelsel is CB2R overexpressie gerelateerd aan neuro inflammatie. CB2R overexpressie in geactiveerde microglia werd ond er andere waargenomen in de ß-amyloid plaques in de hersenen v an Alzheimer patiënten, in actieve en chronisch actieve plaques in de he rsenen van multiple sclerose patiënten en in het gekwetste striatum van een rat model voor de ziekte van Huntington. Niet-invasieve beeldvorming geeft informatie over receptor kwantiteit en lokalisatie. De hoeveelheid aan geïnjecteerde radioligand is laag en oefent dus geen invloed uit op het bestudeerde biologische systeem.& nbsp; Positronemissie tomografie is een zeer gevoelige techniek met een goede ruimtelijke resolutie. De beschikbaarheid van een radio ligand met affiniteit voor de CB2R zou toelaten om deze te visualiseren in de bovenstaand beschreven neuroinflammatoire condities, om de diagnos e van bepaalde (neuro)inflammatoire aandoeningen te verbeteren en om de evaluatie van nieuwe CB2R liganden met mogelijk toekomstig gebruik als t herapeutisch middel te vergemakkelijken. In deze studie werden vijf verschillende radioliganden met affiniteit vo or de CB2R ontwikkeld en biologisch geëvalueerd. [11C]Sch225336 heeft hoge in vitro affiniteit voor de CB2R, maar vertoon de geen bloed-hersenbarrière penetratie of in vivo CB2R binding in de mi lt in een biodistributiestudie in muizen. Deze radioligand zal dus niet gebruikt kunnen worden voor visualisatie van de CB2R in neuroinfla mmatoire ziektebeelden. [11C]GW405833 en [18F]FE-GW405833 vertoonden beide veelbelovende ra dioligand eigenschappen. Ze hebben beide een laag nanomolaire affi niteit voor de CB2R in vitro en zijn zeer selectief ten opzichte van de CB1R. Hun hersenopname is hoog in een muis biodistributiestudie.&n bsp; Voor het fluor-18 gemerkte derivaat werd echter de aanwezigheid van radiometabolieten en een trage hersenklaring vastgesteld. Wegens het feit dat er geen in vivo binding aan milt CB2R in muis of rat werd w aargenomen, werd in vivo binding van [11C]GW405833 aan de humane CB 2R bewezen in een rat model met lokale humane CB2R overexpressie in het rechter striatum. De hersenkinetiek van [11C]GW405833 werd oo k onderzocht in een µPET study in een primaat. De radioligand vertoonde ook hier een hoge hersenopname, maar de uitwas was veel trage r vergeleken met de resultaten van de muis biodistributiestudie. Twee 2-oxochinoline afgeleiden werden radioactief gemerkt met respectiev elijk koolstof-11 ([11C]NE40) en fluor-18. Deze radioliganden vert oonden de hoogste hersenopname in muizen van alle bestudeerde radioligan den, maar de hersenopname van [11C]NE40 in ratten was slechts half zo hoog. Om de penetratie van [11C]NE40 over de bloed-hersenb arrière te bevestigen, werd een µPET studie in een rhesus aap uitge voerd. Deze radioliganden waren de enigen die in vivo binding aan de CB2R in muis en rat milt vertoonden. Bovendien werd binding aan de humane CB2R bevestigd in een rat model met lokale humane CB2R overex pressie in het rechter striatum. Verschillende derivaten van NE40 werden gesynthetiseerd om de structuur- activiteitsrelatie van deze 2-oxochinoline afgeleiden te onderzoeken.&nb sp; Het uiteindelijke doel is het vinden van een molecule met subnanomol aire affiniteit voor de CB2R en ideale radioligand eigenschappen. We kunnen besluiten dat [11C]NE40 de meest interessante radioligand eigenschappen bezit, omwille van zijn specifieke CB2R binding in muis e n rat milt, zijn hoge hersenopname en snelle hersenuitwas in een rhesus aap en zijn in vivo binding aan de humane CB2R. Verdere studies in diermodellen voor neuroinflammatie en humane klinische studies zullen d e waarde van deze radioliganden voor de visualisatie van CB2R verder moe ten aantonen.status: Publishe
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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