199 research outputs found
Tolerability safety and effectiveness of enhanced external counterpulsation versus individual shear rate therapy in patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease: A prospective pilot clinical trial
No full textBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung https://doi.org/10.13039/50110000234
Pilk Richard Viidalepa perekonnaloole
No full textRichard Viidalepp (Widebaum before Estonianising his name, and later Viidebaum; Jan. 23, 1904 - June 3, 1986), the famous Estonian folklorist, was born in the Jalapuu farm in the village of Nurmsi in Central Estonia. The same farm was the home of Urve Buschmann, the author of the article and R. Viidalepp's niece. On the basis of the 1722 list of inhabitants in the Särgavere estate and the registers of the Järva Peetri congregation, the documented genealogy of Viidalepp's family starts with Jüri Jalapuu and his wife Els (?1730-?1761). In more recent registers their son Jüri (?1771-1843) already appears under the name Widebaum. The family was a typical Estonian family, including farmers, handicraftsmen, inventive technicians, later also intellectuals and artists. Some emigrated (the Finnish and American branches of the Viidebaums) and some were deported to Siberia. The fate of family members and descriptions of family history are illustrated by Richard Viidalepp's letters and family photographs. The last Viidalepps born in the Jalapuu farm moved to Tallinn in 1950
A fluorescent host-guest complex of cucurbituril in solution: a molecular Jack O'Lantern
No full textFluorescence enhancement of a probe molecule in solution by the container molecule cucurbituril (CB) is reported for the first time. The fluorescence of the probe 2-anilinonaphthalene-6-sulfonate (2,6-ANS) in aqueous Na2SO4 solution is found to increase by a maximum factor of 5.0 upon addition of cucurbituril. This fluorescence enhancement is the result of the formation of a host-guest inclusion complex, in which the guest 2,6-ANS is incorporated inside the cavity of the host, cucurbituril. Measurement of the enhancement as a function of cucurbituril concentration yielded a value of the equilibrium constant (K) of 52 +/- 10 M-1. It is proposed that the mode of inclusion involves the phenyl group of the 2,6-ANS, because of the relatively small size of the cucurbituril cavity. It is further proposed that the observed enhancement is a result of loss of rotational mobility of the phenyl ring relative to the naphthyl fluorophore of 2,6-ANS upon inclusion of the phenyl ring, Since the name cucurbituril is derived from the Latin word for "pumpkin," this fluorescent host-guest complex is referred to as a "molecular Jack O'Lantern," with the 2,6-ANS serving as the candle.PT: J; CR: BEHREND R, 1905, LIEBIGS ANN CHEM, V339, P1 BORTOLUS P, 1996, ADV PHOTOCHEMISTRY P, P1 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1992, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V14, P91 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1997, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V29, P167 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1998, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V317, P95 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1999, J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A, V121, P99 CINTAS P, 1994, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V17, P205 CRAM DJ, 1997, CONTAINER MOL THEIR DANTZ DA, 1998, SUPRAMOL CHEM, V9, P79 DELAPENA AM, 1993, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V15, P131 DIAMOND D, 1996, CHEM SOC REV, V25, P15 FREEMAN WA, 1981, J AM CHEM SOC, V103, P7367 HOFFMANN R, 1994, J CHEM SOC FARADAY T, V90, P1507 JEON YM, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P9790 KOSOWER EM, 1975, J AM CHEM SOC, V97, P2167 KOSOWER EM, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P4179 LI S, 1992, CHEM REV, V92, P1457 MOCK WL, 1983, J ORG CHEM, V48, P3618 MOCK WL, 1995, TOP CURR CHEM, V175, P1 MOCK WL, 1996, COMPREHENSIVE SUPRAM, V2, P477 WAGNER BD, 1998, J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A, V114, P151 WAGNER BD, 1999, J PHYS CHEM B, V103, P10114 WAGNER BD, 2000, J INCL PHENOM MACRO, V38, P467 WHANG DM, 1998, J AM CHEM SOC, V120, P4899; NR: 24; TC: 16; J9: CAN J CHEM; PG: 4; GA: 473RESource type: Electronic(1
Forsøksvirksomhet i en offentlig reformprosess : i hvilken grad ble erfaringene brukt?
No full textTema for denne studien er helhetlig tjenesteutforming i offentlig forvaltning. Ved å foreta en analyse av sentrale dokumenter som la grunnen for Nav-reformens iverksetting, har jeg sett på hvordan erfaringer fra forsøksvirksomhet har blitt brukt i prosessen fram mot endelig beslutning. Problemstillingen for oppgaven har vært i hvilken grad erfaringene fra to nasjonale forsøk anvendes ved iverksetting av Nav-reformen. Jeg ønsket å se på hvilke erfaringer som ble brukt og hvilke som ikke ble brukt, og jeg har reflektert over hva som kan være grunnen til at det ble slik. Analysen brukes til slutt til å drøfte hvilke funksjoner forsøksvirksomhet kan ha i en offentlig reformprosess.
Oppsummeringsvis kan en si at det var mange, og høyst ulike problemstillinger som ble debattert i prosessen. Erfaringer fra forsøkene ble i varierende grad benyttet som argumenter for forslagene. Dels kan det ha sin forklaring i at forsøkene ikke alltid hadde svarene på problemstillingene som var oppe til debatt. En analyse av dokumentene tyder på at det skjedde en innsnevring av problemstillinger underveis i prosessen, slik at det i sterkere grad ble fokusert på organisasjonsmessige løsninger på samordningsutfordringene. Dette kan ha bidratt til for det ene at diskusjonen om virkemiddelbruken ble ”satt på vent”, og for det andre at det igjen resulterte i at erfaringer når det gjaldt fag- og metodeutvikling kom i skyggen i beslutningsprosessen.
Til slutt diskuteres hvilken rolle forsøk kan tenkes å spille i offentlige reformprosesser, i forhold
Accessory pathways in horses : myth or reality?
No full textUnder normal conditions, the annulus fibrosus electrically isolates the atrium from the
ventricle and atrial impulses only conduct to the ventricle through the atrioventricular
node. Accessory pathways are strands of working myocardial cells that penetrate the
annulus fibrosus and directly connect the atrial and ventricular myocardium, bypassing the
atrioventricular node.
Only a few cases of accessory pathways in horses have been described, although the
condition may be underreported because it can be easily missed or mistaken for other
arrhythmias. The conduction through the accessory pathway can be bi-directional or
uni-directional in the anterograde or retrograde direction. Anterograde conduction along
the accessory pathway results in earlier ventricular activation than would be expected if
conduction occurred via the atrioventricular node. This is called ventricular pre-excitation
and leads to the typical ECG findings of a shortened PQ interval and PQ segment, and
abnormal QRS morphology and duration. Ventricular pre-excitation should be differentiated
from ventricular premature complexes, accelerated idioventricular rhythm and bundle
branch block. Ventricular premature complexes and accelerated idioventricular rhythm
show no association with a P wave and can therefore be distinguished from pre-excitation.
Bundle branch block and ventricular pre-excitation are both preceded by a P wave, but
bundle branch block is characterized by a normal PQ interval. Retrograde conduction via
the accessory pathway means that the atrial depolarization conducts normally over the
atrioventricular node (orthodromic), depolarizes the ventricle and returns back to the atrium
via the accessory pathway. It leads to an ECG pattern with a normal PQ interval and normal
QRS morphology but with a retrograde conducted P wave, typically within the ST segment.
Subsequently, there are several options. The retrogradely conducted P wave conducts back
to the ventricle and initiates the next retrograde P wave which returns to the ventricle, etc...,
leading to orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia. It is also possible that
the retrogradely conducted P wave is blocked at the atrioventricular node, but as it also
resets the sinus node, this leads to bradycardia. It is important for the clinician to realize that
conduction over the accessory pathway can be intermittently present which makes it more
difficult to diagnose.
Little is known about the behaviour of an accessory pathway, the effect on performance
and the associated risk in horses. Horses can show very strong changes in their autonomic
tone which might influence the conduction pattern when an accessory pathway is present.
In humans and dogs, the risk lies in a high prevalence of associated arrhythmias, such
as orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. Atrial
fibrillation with anterograde conduction via the accessory pathway can be life-threatening,
because a rapid ventricular response can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation, causing
sudden cardiac death. Atrial fibrillation was found in a horse with an accessory pathway
and resulted in markedly increased heart rates at rest. Without further knowledge of the
electrophysiological properties of accessory pathways in horses, these horses should not be
considered safe to ride.
Page 10
Accessory pathways and related arrhythmias can be treated by destroying the abnormal
bundle with radiofrequency catheter ablation. This is the treatment of choice for accessory
pathways in humans and dogs and it has a high success rate and low complication rate.
Recently, three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping was performed in a horse with
ventricular pre-excitation and showed the precise localisation of an accessory pathway in the
craniolateral region of the right atrium. Subsequently, radiofrequency catheter ablation was
successfully performed and permanently restored normal conduction.
In conclusion, clinicians should be aware that accessory pathways do occur in horses. Threedimensional
electro-anatomical mapping followed by radiofrequency ablation might be a
treatment option
Effekt der Externen Gegenpulsationstherapie auf die Kollateralarterienproliferation
No full textIntroduction: Arteriogenesis is the rapid proliferation of pre-existing
collateral arteries and is nature´s most efficient rescue mechanisms to
compensate for the loss of arterial inflow under conditions of chronic
obstructive atherosclerotic disease. It differs from angiogenesis in
fundamental aspects: 1) The speed of arterial growth in diameter can
compensate for the deficit in blood flow of large conductance arteries, which
is not the case in angiogenic sprouting. 2) Arteriogenesis may be located at
non-ischemic zones and results in efficient collateral conductance arteries,
whereas angiogenesis is located in the region of ischemia 3) The increase in
biomechanical shear-rate is currently seen as the key mechanism to stimulate
collateral growth. Taking these fundamentals into account our clinical trials
in this thesis focused on following question: Is arteriogenesis a potential
therapeutic substrate to enhance myocardial tissue perfusion in patients?
Which parameters have to be taken into account to evaluate the collateral
macro-circulation as well microcirculation? Is it possible to transfer the
concept of shear-stress driven arteriogenesis into the cerebral circulation?
Methods: To detect the capacity of the myocardial perfusion and collateral
circulation invasive read-out parameters - pressure derived collateral flow
index, CFIp- and the microcirculatory index (IMR) were applied; to assess
functional relevance of coronary stenosis, fractional flow reserve was used.
Further cerebrovascular blood flow at rest and under ECP-therapy was
investigated with transcranial-dopplersonography. Results and Conclusion: The
results of these trials may be summarized as followed: Upon pre existing
coronary stenosis ECP significantly improves collateral conductance and
enhances flow reserve (the CFIp improved significantly from 0.08 +/- 0.01 to
0.15 +/- 0.02; P < 0.001; FFR-Index improved from 0.68±0.03 to 0.79±0.03;
p=0.001); while in the control group no change was observed. In patients with
severe epicardial stenosis microcirculation can only be assessed reliably if
collateral circulation is taken into account (CFIp r = 0.3, p = 0.046; FFR r =
-0.44, p = c0.03). The findings of ECP treatment in healthy probands are
summarized as: ECP does not enhance cerebral blood flow (59±10 vs. 58±13cm/s,
n.s.) but flow velocities through-out the ECP therapy are increased compared
to rest/baseline (increased shear-rate). Thus this thesis provides 3 important
novel findings: 1.External counterpulsation can induce adaptive collateral-
growth in patients with CAD and improve myocardial perfusion. 2. Given
significant epicardial stenosis microcirculatory indices are efficient in
detecting myocardial microcirculatory if collateral circulation in the region
of interest is taken into account 3. ECP-treatment increases flow-velocities
in the cerebral blood flow - giving rise to the assumption that ECP might
induce cerebrovascular arteriogenesis.Hintergrund: Arteriogenese ist ein positives outward-remodeling von prä-
existent angelegten kollateralen Anastomosen. Dieser Prozess zählt zu den
effizientesten Rescue-Mechanismen des Körpers, einen kompromittierten
Blutfluss wiederherzustellen. Arteriogenese unterscheidet sich wesentlich vom
Prozess der Angiogenese : 1) Die Geschwindigkeit der kollateralen
Proliferation kann einen gestörten Blutfluss in kurzer Zeit wiederherstellen.
2) Arteriogenese findet zumeist in Regionen statt, wo lediglich
Blutdruckgradienten vorliegen, nicht aber eine Gewebeischämie. Letztere
wiederum ist der wesentliche Auslöser von Angiogenese 3) die Zunahme der
intraarteriellen Scherrate ist der wesentliche arteriogene Biomechanismus.
Nimmt man diese Aspekte der Arteriogenese als experimentelle Basis von
kollateralem Wachstum, haben wir uns in der vorliegenden Dissertation mit
folgenden Fragen beschäftigt:1.) Sind Kollateralgefäße ein klinisches
Substrat, womit man therapeutisches Wachstum anregen kann? 2.) Welche
Parameter eignen sich therapeutische arteriogene Effekte bzw. auch die der
Mikrozirkulation zu erfassen? 3.) Kann man das Therapiekonzept der
Arteriogenese auf das Gehirn übertragen? 4.) Welche Rolle könnte die
Gegenpulsation bei der therapeutischen Erhöhung der Scherrate Rate spielen?
Methodisch kamen folgende Techniken zum Einsatz: Kollateraler-Index (CFIp) zur
Evaluation der kollateralen Konduktanz, Fraktionelle Flussreserve (FFR) zur
Beurteilung der hämodynamischen Relevanz einer Stenose, der
mikrozirkulatorische Index (IMR) auf mikrozirkulatorischer Ebene. Neurologisch
untersuchten wir den Effekt der Gegenpulsation auf die zerebrovaskuläre
Zirkulation mittels Doppler Fluß Analyse. Ergebnisse/Zusammenfassung: ECP
verbessert die kollaterale Zirkulation. Dieser Effekt wurde bei
gleichbleibender zugrundeliegender Stenose gemessen: Der CFIp verbesserte sich
signifikant von 0.08+/-0.01 auf 0.15+/-0.02; P < 0.001. In der Kontrollgruppe
hingegen keinen Veränderungen. Dazu passend verbessert sich der FFR-Index in
der ECP Gruppe von 0.68±0.03 auf 0.79±0.03 (p=0.001), aber nicht in der
Kontrollgruppe (p=0.4). Desweiteren fokussierten wir auf die optimale
Detektion des IMR bei Patienten mit einer stabilen KHK. Hierbei zeigte sich,
dass je besser die Kollateralisierung war, und je höhergradiger die Stenose,
umso mehr war der IMR vom gemessenen CFIp abhängig. Die Überschätzung des IMR
korrelierte dabei positiv mit dem CFIp (r=0.3, p=0.046). Im letzten Teil
unserer Versuche untersuchen wir den Effekt der ECP auf die zerebrovaskuläre
Zirkulation. Interessanterweise zeigte sich, dass sich die mittlere
Blutfließgeschwindigkeit unter ECP aufgrund der zerebrovaskuläre
Autoregulation nicht verändert. Analysiert man jedoch die
Blutflussgeschwindigkeitsprofile pro Herzzyklus, so zeigte sich eine erhöhte
Beschleunigung im arteriellen Einstroms bei gleichbleibender
Gesamtgeschwindigkeit. Dieser Befund ist von hoher Bedeutung da durch erhöhte
Scherraten zerebrovaskuläre Arteriogenese induziert werden kann
Forsøksvirksomhet i en offentlig reformprosess : i hvilken grad ble erfaringene brukt?
No full textMaster i sosialt arbeidTema for denne studien er helhetlig tjenesteutforming i offentlig forvaltning. Ved å foreta en analyse av sentrale dokumenter som la grunnen for Nav-reformens iverksetting, har jeg sett på hvordan erfaringer fra forsøksvirksomhet har blitt brukt i prosessen fram mot endelig beslutning. Problemstillingen for oppgaven har vært i hvilken grad erfaringene fra to nasjonale forsøk anvendes ved iverksetting av Nav-reformen. Jeg ønsket å se på hvilke erfaringer som ble brukt og hvilke som ikke ble brukt, og jeg har reflektert over hva som kan være grunnen til at det ble slik. Analysen brukes til slutt til å drøfte hvilke funksjoner forsøksvirksomhet kan ha i en offentlig reformprosess.
Oppsummeringsvis kan en si at det var mange, og høyst ulike problemstillinger som ble debattert i prosessen. Erfaringer fra forsøkene ble i varierende grad benyttet som argumenter for forslagene. Dels kan det ha sin forklaring i at forsøkene ikke alltid hadde svarene på problemstillingene som var oppe til debatt. En analyse av dokumentene tyder på at det skjedde en innsnevring av problemstillinger underveis i prosessen, slik at det i sterkere grad ble fokusert på organisasjonsmessige løsninger på samordningsutfordringene. Dette kan ha bidratt til for det ene at diskusjonen om virkemiddelbruken ble ”satt på vent”, og for det andre at det igjen resulterte i at erfaringer når det gjaldt fag- og metodeutvikling kom i skyggen i beslutningsprosessen.
Til slutt diskuteres hvilken rolle forsøk kan tenkes å spille i offentlige reformprosesser, i forhold.The theme of this master is integrated welfare services. The background for the study is found in the Nav-reform (The Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration) and two national projects, “The activation trial” and “The integration trial”. Written documents and reports are studied as background for the research question: To which extent are knowledge and practical experiences from these two national projects used in the decision process. Which experiences came to use, and which did not – and how could this be explained?
The analyses demonstrated that many issues were debated, and in various extents the knowledge and projects experiences came to use. This is partly due to the fact that the projects could not give answer to the question in debate, partly is this related to a narrowing of the debate in the direction of the question concerning how the organization should be constructed.
The result of this analysis suggests that trials can play various roles in the reform process in the public sector
Fluorescence enhancement of curcumin upon inclusion into cucurbituril
No full textThe effect of the macrocyclic host compounds cucurbit[n]urils (Qn), with n = 5 - 7, on the fluorescence of the biologically active compound curcumin has been studied. Curcumin, the main constituent of the Indian spice turmeric, is of growing interest because of its wide-ranging pharmaceutical properties. This compound forms strong 2:1 host-guest inclusion complexes with Q6 (the original cucurbituril), with an overall equilibrium constant of (1.9 +/- 0.8) X 10(4) M-2. It is postulated that a Q6 host partially encapsulates each of the two phenyl groups at the ends of the curcumin molecule. The difference in magnitude of the equilibrium constants K-1 (72 +/- 2 M-1) and K-1 (260 +/- 120 M-1) for stepwise encapsulation of the two ends of the curcumin molecule indicates that encapsulation by the first Q6 significantly alters its entire electronic structure, resulting in a more favorable second encapsulation. A very large enhancement of the fluorescence of curcumin results from this complex formation, on the order of 5.0; this is a significant fraction of the polarity sensitivity factor (PSF) of 39 measured for curcumin, that is the ratio of fluorescence intensity in ethanol vs. water. Surprisingly, no such enhancement could be observed in the case of Q7, indicating that the interactions between the guest and the host cavity are not favorable in this case, contrary to expectations. Similarly, no enhancement was observed in the case of Q5, which is not unexpected, because of the extremely small size of the host cavity and portal in this case.PT: J; CR: BARIK A, 2003, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V77, P597 BONG PH, 2000, B KOR CHEM SOC, V21, P81 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1997, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V29, P167 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1998, J SOLUTION CHEM, V27, P135 BUSCHMANN HJ, 1998, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V317, P95 BUSCHMANN HJ, 2000, J INCL PHENOM MACRO, V37, P231 BUSCHMANN HJ, 2000, SUPRAMOL CHEM, V11, P225 CHIGNELL CF, 1994, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V59, P295 CHOI S, 2002, MACROMOLECULES, V35, P3526 CINTAS P, 1994, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V17, P205 DAHL TA, 1994, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V59, P290 DALTON L, 2003, CHEM ENG NEWS SEP, P8 DAY A, 2001, J ORG CHEM, V66, P8094 DELAPENA AM, 1993, J INCLUS PHENOM MOL, V15, P131 ELHAOUAJ M, 2001, J CHEM SOC PERK NOV, P2104 ELHAOUAJ M, 2001, J CHEM SOC PERK T 2, P804 FREEMAN WA, 1981, J AM CHEM SOC, V103, P7367 FREEMAN WA, 1984, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR B, V40, P382 HAMAI S, 1996, B CHEM SOC JPN, V69, P2469 HOFFMANN R, 1994, J CHEM SOC FARADAY T, V90, P1507 JANSEN K, 2000, VOM WASSER, V95, P229 JEON YM, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P9790 JOVANOVIC SV, 2001, J AM CHEM SOC, V123, P3064 KHOPDE SM, 2000, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V72, P625 KIM J, 2000, J AM CHEM SOC, V122, P540 LAGONA J, 2003, ORG LETT, V5, P3745 LEE JW, 2003, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V36, P621 LIU Y, 2000, J ORG CHEM, V65, P6227 MARQUEZ C, 2001, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V40, P3155 MARQUEZ C, 2001, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V40, P4387 MESCHKE C, 1997, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V297, P43 MOCK WL, 1983, J ORG CHEM, V48, P3618 MOCK WL, 1986, J ORG CHEM, V51, P4440 MOCK WL, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P2697 MOCK WL, 1990, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1509 MOCK WL, 1995, TOP CURR CHEM, V175, P1 MOCK WL, 1996, COMPREHENSIVE SUPRAM, V2, P477 NEUGEBAUER R, 1998, J CHEM SOC PERK MAR, P529 NIGAM S, 1996, J PHYS CHEM-US, V100, P7135 ROBINSON TP, 2003, BIOORG MED CHEM LETT, V13, P115 SHIM JS, 2003, CHEM BIOL, V10, P695 SUN YM, 2002, ORG LETT, V4, P2909 SZELTLI J, 1998, CHEM REV, V98, P1743 TANG B, 2002, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V50, P1355 TONNESEN HH, 2002, INT J PHARM, V244, P127 WAGNER BD, 2000, J INCL PHENOM MACRO, V38, P467 WAGNER BD, 2001, CAN J CHEM, V79, P1101 WAGNER BD, 2003, J PHYS CHEM B, V107, P10741 WHANG D, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P11333 WHANG D, 1998, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V37, P78 WRIGHT JS, 2002, J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM, V591, P207; NR: 51; TC: 8; J9: SUPRAMOL CHEM; PG: 7; GA: 876JJSource type: Electronic(1
Fabrieksschema: Zwavelkoolstof fabricage
No full textDocument(en) uit de collectie Chemische ProcestechnologieDelftChemTechApplied Science
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