1,720,977 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Appropriation d’une prothèse de membre supérieur chez la souris
No full textLes recherches sur l'appropriation corporelle sont essentielles pour le développement des prothèses. En effet, l'incapacité à s’approprier une prothèse entraîne inconfort et douleurs fantômes chez de nombreux patients. Pour améliorer l'acceptation et l'utilisation des prothèses, il est donc crucial de comprendre et de pouvoir manipuler ce sens d’appropriation. Le modèle souris présente de nombreux avantages pour ces recherches grâce à ses comportements riches de membres supérieurs ainsi qu’aux technologies optogénétiques disponibles d’abord chez ce modèle. Ces techniques permettent une exploration précise du rôle du retour tactile dans l’appropriation des prothèses, et constituent une approche novatrice pour étudier ce phénomène. Dans le cadre de cette thèse j’ai participé à la construction d’un prototype d’une prothèse motorisée à l’échelle de la souris qui peut être contrôlé par l’activité neuronale enregistrée à l’aide d’électrodes chroniques implantées dans le cortex moteur des animaux. L'étude de l’appropriation est particulièrement importante dans le cadre du développement de notre modèle de neuroprothèse, pour comprendre l’interaction de différents éléments sensoriels ou moteurs sur l’intégration d’un membre artificiel. Pour étudier cette question ma thèse s’est focalisée sur l’utilisation de méthodes comportementales exploitant des illusions perceptives pour manipuler l’appropriation de membres. Ainsi, dans l'illusion de la main en caoutchouc, grâce à des stimulations visuelles et tactiles synchrones, les participants s’approprient comme faisant partie de leur corps une fausse main placée devant eux, tandis que leur vraie main reste cachée. Nous avons adapté cette illusion au modèle souris pour explorer le rôle du retour tactile dans l’appropriation des prothèses. Nous avons exposé des souris à ce paradigme, en les plaçant devant une prothèse ressemblant à leur patte, pendant que cette dernière est cachée. Après 2 minutes de stimulations, nous menaçons la patte et observons les réactions des animaux à cette menace avec une analyse automatisée de différents points d’intérêt de la face de l’animal. Les animaux montrent des signes d’appropriation envers la prothèse, démontrant que ce sens peut être étudié à ce niveau chez la souris. Dans le contexte du développement de neuroprothèses, il est nécessaire de pouvoir fournir un retour tactile artificiel aux patients quand le membre en périphérie a été perdu. C’est dans cette optique que nous avons exploré la possibilité d’induire cette illusion via des stimulations corticales des régions sensorielles de la patte par optogénétique. Nous avons d’abord mené une étude d’observation des dynamiques corticales générées par des stimulations de la patte en périphérie en utilisant de l’imagerie calcique. Cela nous a permis d’adapter nos stimulations optogénétiques pour mimer l’entrée sensorielle en périphérie. Nous avons ensuite reproduit notre premier protocole de l’illusion classique en replaçant les stimulations tactiles de la patte par des stimulations directes corticales. Les résultats préliminaires de ces expériences montrent un effet similaire à ce qui a été observé auparavant avec l’illusion classique, montrant la possibilité d’induire l’appropriation d’une prothèse à travers un retour tactile cortical. À terme, ces travaux ont permis de développer une plateforme de recherche chez le modèle souris pour le développement de neuroprothèses et permettront de développer de meilleures stratégies de retour sensoriel, pour un meilleur contrôle et une meilleure appropriation des prothèses chez des patients.Research on bodily embodiment is necessary for the development of prostheses. Indeed, the inability to embody a prosthesis is a source of discomfort and is accompanied by phantom pain in the residual limbs of many amputees. The mouse model offers many advantages for this type of research due to its rich upper limb behaviours and the availability of optogenetic technologies in this model. These techniques allow for precise exploration of the role of tactile feedback in prosthesis embodiment and represent an innovative approach to studying this phenomenon. As part of this thesis, I contributed to the construction of a motorized prosthesis prototype at the mouse scale, controllable by neuronal activity recorded using chronic electrodes implanted in the animals' motor cortex. The study of embodiment is particularly important in the context of developing a neuroprosthesis model to understand the interaction of various sensory or motor elements on the integration of an artificial limb. To investigate this question, my thesis focused on using behavioural methods, exploiting perceptual illusions to manipulate limb embodiment. For instance, in the rubber hand illusion, synchronous visual and tactile stimulations cause participants to perceive a fake hand placed in front of them as part of their body, while their real hand remains hidden. We adapted this illusion in the mouse model to explore the role of tactile feedback in prosthesis embodiment. We exposed mice to this paradigm by placing them in front of a prosthesis resembling their paw while hiding their actual paw. After 2 minutes of stimulations, we threatened the paw and observed the animals' reactions to this threat using an automated analysis of various points of interest on the animal's face. The animals showed signs of embodiment towards the prosthesis, demonstrating that this sense can be studied at this level in mice. In the context of neuroprosthesis development, it is necessary to provide artificial tactile feedback to patients when the peripheral limb is lost. With this goal in mind, we explored the possibility of inducing this illusion through cortical stimulations of the sensory regions of the paw using optogenetics. We first conducted an observational study of the cortical dynamics generated by peripheral paw stimulations using calcium imaging. This allowed us to adapt our optogenetic stimulations to mimic peripheral sensory input. We then replicated our initial classical illusion protocol by replacing the tactile stimulations of the paw with direct cortical stimulations. The preliminary results of these experiments showed a similar effect to what was previously observed with the classical illusion, indicating the possibility of inducing prosthesis embodiment through cortical tactile feedback. Ultimately, this work led to the creation of a research platform using the mouse model for neuroprosthetic development which could help in providing better sensory feedback strategies for improved control and embodiment of prostheses in patients
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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