12 research outputs found
Mitogenomes from Two Uncommon Haplogroups Mark Late Glacial/Postglacial Expansions from the Near East and Neolithic Dispersals within Europe
No full textThe current human mitochondrial (mtDNA) phylogeny does not equally represent all human populations but is biased in favour of representatives originally from north and central Europe. This especially affects the phylogeny of some uncommon West Eurasian haplogroups, including I and W, whose southern European and Near Eastern components are very poorly represented, suggesting that extensive hidden phylogenetic substructure remains to be uncovered. This study expanded and re-analysed the available datasets of I and W complete mtDNA genomes, reaching a comprehensive 419 mitogenomes, and searched for precise correlations between the ages and geographical distributions of their numerous newly identified subclades with events of human dispersal which contributed to the genetic formation of modern Europeans. Our results showed that haplogroups I (within N1a1b) and W originated in the Near East during the Last Glacial Maximum or pre-warming period (the period of gradual warming between the end of the LGM, ~19 ky ago, and the beginning of the first main warming phase, ~15 ky ago) and, like the much more common haplogroups J and T, may have been involved in Late Glacial expansions starting from the Near East. Thus our data contribute to a better definition of the Late and postglacial re-peopling of Europe, providing further evidence for the scenario that major population expansions started after the Last Glacial Maximum but before Neolithic times, but also evidencing traces of diffusion events in several I and W subclades dating to the European Neolithic and restricted to Europe
Tim Groenland, The Art of Editing: Raymond Carver and David Foster Wallace
No full textThe editor’s integral role in the production of a literary piece has traditionally been overlooked in favor of solitary authorship. Tim Groenland’s meticulously researched book seeks to turn the spotlight on the hidden figure behind the author and evaluate the role of the self-effacing editor in the literary process. A thorough examination of archival material has enabled Groenland to study two significant author-editor collaborations of the twentieth century. First, Groenland focuses on the ..
Unsupervised Machine Learning‐Based Clustering of Nanosized Fluorescent Extracellular Vesicles
No full textExtracellular vesicles (EV) are biological nanoparticles that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. The phenotypic profile of EV populations is a promising reporter of disease, with direct clinical diagnostic relevance. Yet, robust methods for quantifying the biomarker content of EV have been critically lacking, and require a single-particle approach due to their inherent heterogeneous nature. Here, multicolor single-molecule burst analysis microscopy is used to detect multiple biomarkers present on single EV. The authors classify the recorded signals and apply the machine learning-based t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding algorithm to cluster the resulting multidimensional data. As a proof of principle, the authors use the method to assess both the purity and the inflammatory status of EV, and compare cell culture and plasma-derived EV isolated via different purification methods. This methodology is then applied to identify intercellular adhesion molecule-1 specific EV subgroups released by inflamed endothelial cells, and to prove that apolipoprotein-a1 is an excellent marker to identify the typical lipoprotein contamination in plasma. This methodology can be widely applied on standard confocal microscopes, thereby allowing both standardized quality assessment of patient plasma EV preparations, and diagnostic profiling of multiple EV biomarkers in health and disease.The authors thank Veronique Vastmans and Iris Reniers for the technical assistance. S.K. was funded by Hasselt University. J.H. acknowledges funding by UH-BOF (BOF20TT06). The FWO-Hercules Foundation of Flanders (grant number R-7087), the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Herculesstichting) (Grant number G0H3716N) and the province of Limburg (Belgium) (tUL Impuls II) are acknowledged for funding the microscopy hardware. L.M. and B.H. acknowledge the funding by the EU/EFRO through the Interreg V Flanders-the Netherlands project Trans Tech Diagnostics (TTD) and grant number 2015N017047 of the province of Limburg.Hendrix, J; Hosseinkhani, B (corresponding author), Hasselt Univ, Biomed Res Inst BIOMED, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium ;
Hasselt Univ, Adv Opt Microscopy Ctr, Dynam Bioimaging Lab, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
[email protected]; [email protected]
Effect of gamma ray absorbed dose on the FET transistor parameters
No full textAbstractThis article tries to explain a modified method on dosimetry, based on electronic solid state including MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect) transistors. For this purpose, behavior of two models of MOSFETs has been studied as a function of the absorbed dose. The MOSFETs were irradiated at room temperature by 137Cs gamma ray source in the dose range of 1–5Gy. Threshold voltage variation of investigated samples has been studied based on their transfer characteristic curves (TF) and also using the readout circuit (RC). For evaluation of laboratory samples sensitivity at different operating conditions, different biases were applied on the gate. In practical applications of radiation dosimetry, a significant change occurs in the threshold voltage of irradiated MOSFETs. And sensitivity of these MOSFETs is increased with increasing the bias values. Therefore, these transistors can be excellent candidates as low-cost sensors for systems that are capable of measuring gamma radiation dose
A Critique on the Book Everyday Life of the Urban Precariat
No full textThis article has been written with the aim of critical study on the book Everyday Life of Urban Precariat (2013-2011) written by Alireza Sadeghi. This book is considered as a collection of works written in the theoretical-methodological tradition of Bayat and according to the author, it is readable in the continuation of Bayat's book "Street Policies" which was written in 1997. The results of this critical study show that although the information and evidence presented in the book, which has been analyzed in an ethnographic manner, indicate the depth and breadth of this research, the fact is that the book is one of its original examples of "street politics". He has not stepped beyond. Also, showing the negligence and insignificance of the role of the poor in reproducing the inferiority situation and urban irregularities is a point that can be seen in the design and summary of the present book
Design of optimum recursive digital filters with double zeros on the unit circle leading to symmetric ladder wave digital filter structures
No full textA class of odd-order low-pass recursive digital filters leading to symmetric ladder wave digital (LWD) filter implementations is introduced. In the pass-band, these filters have the same equiripple performance as elliptic filters of the same order, whereas in the stop-band there are the maximum numbers of double zeros. This implies that if the odd filter order is 2M+1, then, in addition to a single zero at z = 1, the proposed filter has M/2 complex-conjugate double zero pairs [(M-1)/2 double and one single complex-conjugate zero pair] on the unit circle for M even [odd]. By slightly modifying an algorithm proposed earlier by the second author, a very fast iterative technique is developed for designing these filters to exhibit also an equiripple stop-band performance. When implemented using LWD filter structures, the proposed filters have the following two benefits compared to elliptic filters. First, the resulting structure becomes symmetric, which reduces the number of distinct multipliers by a factor of two. Second, the maximum amplitude value remains to be unity as well as the two outputs of the LWD structure remain power complementary also after quantizing the coefficient values (without additional scaling operations being needed when implementing elliptic filters.) Examples are included illustrating that the price to be paid for these attractive properties is only a 3- to 5-dB reduction in the stop-band attenuation.</p
Behaviors of the double-periodic soliton and breather wave solutions for a fractional thermophoretic motion equation via the graphene sheets in wave motions
No full textKABUL EDİLDİ.We focus our attention on some solitonic phenomena in the substrate-supported graphene sheetsby learning the solitons of a fractional thermophoretic motion equation, which has been extractedfrom the wrinkle wave motions. By utilizing the analytical technique and selecting suitably theHirota bilinear method involved in the nonlinear ODE form, new analytic solutions are attained.To investigate the fractional solutions the generalized fractional derivative is used. Breather wavesolutions and double periodic-soliton solutions are studied with the usage of symbolic computation.A collection of comprehensive soliton structures are developed to study the dynamics of the governingmodel with the aid of some efficient analytical strategies. Through three-dimensional graph, densitygraph, and two-dimensional graph to investigate the breather wave (BW) and double periodicsoliton (DPS) solutions are presented. As a result, the numerous classifications of both BW andDPS solutions to the studied issues are found. The modified extended mapping method is usedto obtain different types of solutions including soliton, bright soliton, dark soliton, kink, periodicna dother solutions. An important property of dispersive solitons is their ability to interact withother solitons. When two or more solitons interact, they can either combine to form a new solitonor repel each other and maintain their individual shapes. The appropriateness and viability of theobtained arrangements is detailed through the reenactment comes about within the shape of 3-D,density, and 2-D charts. This property allows for the creation of complex wave patterns and the manipulation of light in a variety of ways. These solitons have been extensively studied in variousphysical systems, including optics, hydrodynamics, and plasma physics.</p
A multi-locus sequence typing scheme for the emerging respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma amphoriforme
No full textMycoplasma amphoriforme is an emerging respiratory pathogen for which little is known about the population structure or transmission dynamics. In this study, we developed the first multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for M. amphoriforme and applied it to a previous genomic data set. The genomes of seven M. amphoriforme isolates from the UK and Denmark were sequenced and used to develop the MLST scheme based on loci used for previous Mycoplasma MLST schemes. The resulting MLST scheme consisted of four loci (gyrB, atpG, uvrA and rpoB) and was applied to 20 previously sequenced genomes obtained from the UK and France/Tunisia. From the 27 sequences examined, 13 sequence types were identified. A phylogenetic tree of concatenated sequences showed a comparable topology to a previously described tree based on whole genome data. Additionally, the MLST scheme corroborated the previous suggestion of possible healthcare-associated transmission of M. amphoriforme between two separate patients. The MLST scheme gave a population structure analysis comparable to previous whole-genome-based analyses. [Abstract copyright: © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Applied Microbiology International.
Author response: The transcription factors Runx3 and ThPOK cross-regulate acquisition of cytotoxic function by human Th1 lymphocytes
No full textMolecular Subtyping Resource: a user-friendly tool for rapid biological discovery from transcriptional data
No full textGeneration of transcriptional data has dramatically increased in the past decade, driving the development of analytical algorithms that enable interrogation of the biology underpinning the profiled samples. However, these resources require users to have expertise in data wrangling and analytics, reducing opportunities for biological discovery by ‘wet-lab’ users with a limited programming skillset. Although commercial solutions exist, costs for software access can be prohibitive for academic research groups. To address these challenges, we have developed an open source and user-friendly data analysis platform for on-the-fly bioinformatic interrogation of transcriptional data derived from human or mouse tissue, called Molecular Subtyping Resource (MouSR). This internet-accessible analytical tool, https://mousr.qub.ac.uk/, enables users to easily interrogate their data using an intuitive ‘point-and-click’ interface, which includes a suite of molecular characterisation options including quality control, differential gene expression, gene set enrichment and microenvironmental cell population analyses from RNA sequencing. The MouSR online tool provides a unique freely available option for users to perform rapid transcriptomic analyses and comprehensive interrogation of the signalling underpinning transcriptional datasets, which alleviates a major bottleneck for biological discovery. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper
