100,720 research outputs found
Cell membrane lipid molecular dynamics in a solenoid versus a magnetically shielded room
No full textThe generalized polarization function of the fluorescent probe 2-dimethylamino-6-lauroylnaphthalene has been used to evaluate the lipid dynamics in Friend erythroleukemia cell membrane. The values of this function varied during the culture growth cycle, showing decreased lipid dynamics 24-48 h from the cell seeding. When the cycle occurred in a solenoid producing a magnetic field of 70 mu T at 50 Hz in addition to the 45 mu T DC of the earth (short-term 4-day exposure), the membrane lipid dynamics during this same time-period decreased by about 10% (P < .04). After long-term (184 days) or extremely long-term (395 days) exposure of the cells to the magnetic field, little additional variation in the membrane lipid dynamics was observed, suggesting an adaptation phenomenon. A variation of membrane lipid dynamics was also observed due to in vitro cell differentiation (P < .02). Nevertheless, the exposure of both undifferentiating and differentiating cells to a highly attenuated magnetic field in a magnetically shielded room (20 nT DC plus 2.5 pT AC) did not induce any modification of membrane lipid dynamics. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Cell membrane lipid molecular dynamics in a solenoid versus a magnetically shielded room.
No full textJournal of the Bioelectromagnetics Society.\ud
Publisher: New York, Copyright 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Über Funktionen in der Speiser-Klasse mit einem Trakt
No full textLet f be a transcendental entire map. A complex number w is called critical value of f if there exists a complex number z such that f'(z)=0 and f(z)=w. A complex number b is called an asymptotic value of f if there exists a curve \gamma with \gamma(t)\to\infty as t\to\infty but f(\gamma(t))\to b as t\to\infty. The singular set of f is the set consisting of all critical and asymptotic values of f. The set B of all transcendental entire functions with a bounded singular set is called Eremenko-Lyubich class. The Speiser class S consists of all functions in class B where the singular set is not only bounded but finite.
These classes have been thoroughly studied, notably, in complex dynamics, which deals with the behaviour of an entire or rational map f under iteration. Of particular interest is the construction of functions in classes B and S with prescribed behaviour. One method to obtain maps in class B is using so-called Cauchy integrals. Gwyneth Stallard used this method to prove that for any d\in(1,2) there exists a function in class B whose Julia set has Hausdorff dimension equal to d. It is the shape of the tracts of her maps which yields the desired Hausdorff dimension. Here, a tract is a connected component of the set where the modulus of the function is large.
The question arises whether Stallard's result also holds for maps in class S. While we are not able to answer this question, we show that there exist functions in class S whose tracts are in some sense similar to the tracts used by Stallard. The method of Cauchy integrals does generally not generate maps in class S. An alternative construction method is quasiconformal folding, which was recently introduced by Christopher Bishop.
We use Bishop's method to construct quasiregular maps which only grow in one parabola shaped tract which is symmetric to the real axis and are bounded otherwise. Furthermore, we prove that for each constructed quasiregular map g there exists an entire function f in class S such that g=f\circ\phi for some quasiconformal homeomorphism \phi. Thus, the tract of f, which is still symmetric to the real axis, is the quasiconformal image of the tract of g. Moreover, the quasiconformal map involved is asymptotically conformal at infinity. We use this to prove that the maximum modulus M(r,f) of f on the circle with radius r is bounded below by a function which depends on the shape of the tract. In particular, we prove that there exists an entire map f in the class S with only one tract, which is symmetric to the real axis, such that \log\log M(r,f) is bounded below by d\cdot\sqrt{r} for some d>0.Sei f eine ganz transzendente Funktion. Eine komplexe Zahl w heißt kritischer Wert der Funktion f, falls es eine kpomplexe Zahl z mit f'(z)=0 und f(z)=w gibt. Eine komplexe Zahl b heißt asymptotischer Wert von f, falls es eine Kurve \gamma mit \gamma(t)\to\infty für t\to\infty gibt, so dass f(\gamma(t))\to b gilt. Die Menge sing(f^{-1}) ist die Menge der Singularitäten der Umkehrfunktion von f und besteht aus allen kritischen und allen asymptotischen Werten von f. Die Menge B aller ganz transzendenter Funktionen derart, dass sing(f^{-1}) beschränkt ist, heißt Eremenko-Lyubich-Klasse. Die Speiser-Klasse S besteht aus allen Funktionen der Klasse B, deren Menge der Singularitäten der Umkehrfunktion sogar endlich ist.
Insbesondere in der komplexen Dynamik, die sich mit dem Verhalten einer ganzen oder rationalen Funktion unter Iteration befasst, wurden diese Funktionenklassen ausgiebig untersucht. Die Konstruktion von Funktionen in den Klassen B und S mit vorgeschriebenem Verhalten ist von besonderem Interesse. Eine Möglichkeit, Funktionen der Klasse B zu konstruieren, sind sogenannte Cauchyintegrale. Gwyneth Stallard nutzte diese Methode, um zu beweisen, dass es für jedes d\in(1,2) eine Funktion in der Klasse B gibt, deren Juliamenge Hausdorff-Dimension d hat. Die Form der Trakte ihrer Funktionen bestimmt dabei die Hausdorff-Dimension. Dabei ist ein Trakt eine Zusammenhangskomponente der Menge, auf welcher der Absolutbetrag der Funktion groß ist.
Es ergibt sich die Frage, ob Stallards Resultat auch für Funktionen der Klasse S gilt. Auch wenn wir diese Frage nicht beantworten können, so zeigen wir, dass es Funktionen in der Klasse S gibt, deren Trakte in gewissem Sinne den von Stallard genutzten Trakten ähneln. Im Allgemeinen sind Funktionen, die mithilfe von Cauchyintegralen konstruiert wurden, nicht in der Klasse S. Eine alternative Konstruktionsmethode ist die quasikonforme Faltung, die kürzlich von Christopher Bishop vorgestellt wurde.
Wir nutzen Bishops Methode, um quasireguläre Funktionen zu konstruieren, die nur in einem parabelförmigen, zur reellen Achse symmetrischen Trakt wachsen und ansonsten beschränkt sind. Des Weiteren beweisen wir, dass es zu jeder so konstruierten quasiregulären Funktion g eine ganze Funktion f in der Klasse S gibt, so dass g=f\circ\phi für eine quasikonforme Abbildung \phi gilt. Somit ist der Trakt von f, welcher ebenfalls symmetrisch zur reellen Achse ist, ein quasikonformes Bild des Traktes von g. Ferner ist die hierbei genutzte quasikonforme Abbildung asymptotisch konform bei unendlich. Wir nutzen dieses, um zu zeigen, dass der Maximalbetrag M(r,f) von f auf dem Kreis mit Radius r von unten durch eine Funktion beschränkt ist, die von der Form des Traktes abhängt. Insbesondere beweisen wir, dass es eine ganze Funktion f in der Klasse S gibt, die nur einen Trakt hat, der ferner symmetrisch zur reellen Achse ist, so dass \log\log M(r,f) von unten durch d\cdot\sqrt{r} für ein d>0 beschränkt ist
Specific methylation of the CpG-rich domains in the promoter of the human tissue transglutaminase gene.
No full textHandwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
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