1,721,237 research outputs found
A survey of few-shot learning in smart agriculture: developments, applications, and challenges
Full text linkWith the rise of artificial intelligence, deep learning is gradually applied to the field of agriculture and plant science. However, the excellent performance of deep learning needs to be established on massive numbers of samples. In the field of plant science and biology, it is not easy to obtain a large amount of labeled data. The emergence of few-shot learning solves this problem. It imitates the ability of humans' rapid learning and can learn a new task with only a small number of labeled samples, which greatly reduces the time cost and financial resources. At present, the advanced few-shot learning methods are mainly divided into four categories based on: data augmentation, metric learning, external memory, and parameter optimization, solving the over-fitting problem from different viewpoints. This review comprehensively expounds on few-shot learning in smart agriculture, introduces the definition of few-shot learning, four kinds of learning methods, the publicly available datasets for few-shot learning, various applications in smart agriculture, and the challenges in smart agriculture in future development
A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey
No full textTurkey is one of the most significant and unique countries in the world from the point of view of plant genetic resources and plant diversity. Over 85 fruit species, including almost all the deciduous fruit species, most of the subtropical and some tropical fruit are grown. Matters regarding their distribution within the provinces, nomenclature, characteristics, ethnobotanical aspects and uses are discussed, as well as knowledge about the germplasm of those species of greater economic importance, namely Malus spp., Pyrus spp., Cydonia spp., Crataegus spp., Sorbus spp., Amygdalus spp., Prunus spp., Castanea sativa L., Coryllus spp., Pistacia spp., Juglans regia L., Ribes spp., Ficus spp., Morus spp., Punica granatum L., Rubus spp., Rosa spp., Fragaria spp., Cornus mas L. and Olea spp. Several tables and distribution maps of some fruit species in Turkey are included
Chemical composition of fruits in some rose (Rosa spp.) species
No full textFruits of Rosa canina. Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri, Rosa dumalis subsp. antalyensis, Rosa villosa, Rosa pulverulenta and Rosa pisiformis were assayed for total phenolics, ascorbic acid, total soluble solids, total dry weight, total fat, fatty acids, pH, acidity, moisture, fruit colour and macro- and micro-elements. The highest total phenolic content was observed in Rosa canina (96 mg GAE/g DW). Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri had the highest total fat content (1.85 %), followed by Rosa pulverulenta (1.8 %) and Rosa canina ( 1.78%), respectively. Nine major fatty acids were determined in rose species and of.-linolenic acid was found to be dominant for all species. Total soluble solids, total dry weight. moisture and ascorbic acid contents of rose species varied from 29.42% (Rosa villosa)-37.33% (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri), 33.85% (Rosa rillosa)-40.35% (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri), 59.65% (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri)-66.15% (Rosa dumalis) and 727 mg/100 a FW (Rosa villosa) and 943 mg/100 g FW (Rosa (dumalis subsp. boissieri), respectively. Nitrogen and mineral compositions of the rose species. e.g. N. P, K, Ca and Mg, were (averagely): 1.26%, 513 mg/100 g DW, 639 mg/100 g DW, 196 mg/100 g DW and 114 ma/100 g DW. respectively. The present study shows that the native rose genotypes are extremely rich sources of phenolics, carbohydrates and ascorbic acid. demonstrating their potential use as a food or food additive. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Apricot culture in Turkey
No full textTurkey is divided into nine agro-ecological regions with mountainous terrain in the periphery, a relatively flat central plateau and a narrow coastal strip. This country has diverse environment with mountains, valleys, plains and numerous rivers and lakes. Over a quarter of the country is covered with forests and woodlands. This results in marked variations in climate and vegetation around the country. Turkey and Iran (Iran Plateau) are centers of origin and diversity of many fruit species, such as apple, pear, cherry, rose, walnut, cornelian cherry, almond and more. Stone fruits comprise 20.0% of the total fruit production in Turkey, and apricot ranks first among stone fruits. Apricot can be grown in all regions of Turkey, except in the Eastern Black Sea Region and in the high plateaus of the East Anatolian Region. Turkey is a leading producer in both in fresh and dried apricots in the world. Although the percentage share of the fresh apricot trade is not significant, Turkey can enlarge this potential in the near future
Black Table Olives from Northeastern Region of Turkey: The Composition and Nutritive Value
No full textSix olive cultivars (Butko, Gorvela, Kara Sati, Kizil Sati, Kizil Butko and Otur) were investigated for the first time in terms of total phenolic content, oil percentage, fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity. Analysis was performed on the flesh part of the raw black olive fruits. The total phenolic content was estimated with the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and antioxidant activity with beta-carotene linoleate model system. The fatty acid analysis was performed by gas chromatography. There were statistically important differences among olive cultivars in terms of all searched parameters. The fatty acid results showed that all cultivars characterized by high level of oleic acid (63.49-77.18%). The antioxidant activity and total phenolic content was the highest in cv. Kara Sati as 73.88% and 53.46 mu g GAE/mg dry weight basis. The antioxidant activity was correlated with the amount of phenolics found in samples
Determination of pollen viability and in vitro pollen germination of Rosa dumalis and Rosa villosa
No full textPollen quantity, viability and germination of four genotypes of Rosa dumalis and R. villosa were investigated. The number of anthers per flower were 90.3 in genotype 4 (Rosa villosa) and 116.4 in genotype 1 (Rosa dumalis). Genotype 1 showed the highest pollen viability on the basis of both TIC and IKI tests
Rose (Rosa spp.) germplasm resources of Turkey
No full textTurkey is one of the most important Rose germplasm centers. About 25% of all rose species are native to Turkey. Flowers of some rose species, such as Rosa gallica and Rosa damascena, have been used for rose oil and rose water production in Anatolia for a long time. Fruits (rose hip) of some other species have economic value and are also used for medicinal purposes. In this paper, Rosa species found in Turkey are listed, their distribution within the provinces is listed, as well as their characteristics and uses
Relationship of seasonal changes in carbohydrates and cold hardiness in buds of two rose hip genotypes
No full textTwo rose hip types thorny '25-mrk-14' (Rosa canina L.) and thornless '25-mrk-15' (Rosa dumalis Bechst.) selected from previous studies were used in this investigation. Samples of one year old twigs were collected and exposed to the artificial freezing test at -30degreesC for 0, 8, 16 and 24 hours from November through March. Throughout the experiments, several biochemical analyses on the buds of the rose hip genotypes, including total sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose and starch were performed monthly. Results indicated that there was a significant difference between the species of rose hips for resistance to cold, according to hours of treatment and month of samples taken. The '25-mrk-15' was less resistant than the '25-mrk14' in terms of cold hardiness. Freezing tolerance in both rose hip genotypes is higher in January and February than November and December. The sugar ingredients of rose hip types increased from November to February, but decreased in March
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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