1,720,969 research outputs found
"Natural relations" : a note on X'-structure
No full textWith the rise of minimalism, many concepts related to the geometrical relations of phrase structure held fast to in earlier approaches have been reconsidered. This article deals with distinguishing (relational and technical) properties of specifiers and adjuncts in a Bare Phrase Structure framework (X'-Theory). I extend specific aspects of X-structure relevant to the discussion of specifiers vs. adjuncts. I argue that unique specifiers can be derived from the system and that adjunction, possibly multiple, results from Direct Merge only. The final product is a series of relationships in line with recent thoughts and minimalist premises, but formally more similar to earlier conceptions of the X'-schema.
I address conceptual, empirical and theoretical arguments against multiple specifiers and related issues next, that is beyond the predictions immediately following from the tripartitional view of clause structure proposed in Grohmann (2000). After laying out my motivations to critically consider the issue, I present a set of data that casts serious doubt over the justifications offered to replace Agr with v as the accusative casemarker. Having conceptual and empirical back-up, I then tackle the theoretical validity of specifiers, and ways to distinguish unique specifiers from (multiple) adjuncts. I introduce a version of Bare Phrase Structure that does so, yet keeps the spirit of defining structural identification over relational rather than categorial properties
Syntactic domains in Ikalanga.
No full textThis dissertation investigates the interaction of morphology and syntax by examining three different syntactic domains in Ikalanga; nuP, the theta role assignment and accusative Case checking domain, the inflectional TP domain, the domain of nominative Case checking and agreement, and the CP domain, the domain of A' related feature checking. In the nuP domain, I investigate theta role assignment in applicative constructions and propose that the ambiguity that arises in applicativized transitives is a lexical semantic ambiguity arising from the homophony of the applicative morpheme in ditransitives and applicativized transitives. I also argue that although applicativized transitives and ditransitives are structurally similar, they differ in the head that nu selects. V takes the applicative head as a complement in applicativized transitives but takes V as a head in ditransitive constructions. I also argue that 'apparent' subjects in Ikalanga are base generated in A' position, based on distributional, scopal and movement tests. In addition, I argue contra Bresnan and Mchombo (1987) that subject agreement markers are never incorporated pronouns but are agreement morphology identifying the phi- features of the null subject. This conclusion follows from the fact that subject agreement markers co-vary with tense/aspect morphology, a characteristic of agreement morphology. In addition, subject agreement markers, unlike object markers analyzed as pronominal clitics, are obligatory while pronominal clitics are not. This dissertation also investigates a morphological asymmetry observed in Ikalanga WH constructions involving subjects and objects. Subjects and in-situ objects do not trigger WH agreement. In-situ objects do not trigger WH agreement because they never occupy the specifier of the polarity phrase (spec, PolP), the specifier in which WH agreement is licensed. Subjects too never occupy spec, PolP because they are base generated in spec, TopP, a position higher than spec, PolP. This means that even when subjects raise to check their focus feature, they never land in spec, PolP since this position is lower. Thus WH agreement in Ikalanga is an indication that the WH phrase entered into a spec-head relation with the head of PolP, the A' agreement licensing head. This relation is realized only if movement takes place via spec, PolP. Thus, morphology plays an important role in syntactic relations in Ikalanga.PhDLanguage, Literature and LinguisticsLinguisticsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/123223/2/3068911.pd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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