1,721,090 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Arbeitsplatz Privathaushalt
No full textDie Schwarzarbeit in Privathaushalten ist in den letzten 10 Jahren um bis zu einem Viertel gesunken. Dies ist insbesondere auf den großen Anstieg der Haushaltshilfen in Minijobs (plus 270 Prozent) zurückzuführen. Dennoch arbeiten weiterhin rund drei Millionen Haushaltshilfen in Deutschland schwarz
Unternehmen: 300 Milliarden Euro Umsatzverluste durch Schwarzarbeit
No full textSchwarzarbeit schädigt die deutschen Unternehmen und bewirkt Umsatzeinbußen von 4,7 Prozent oder umgerechnet 300 Milliarden Euro jährlich, wie die neueste, repräsentative Unternehmensbefragung im IW-Zukunftspanel von November 2018 von 853 Unternehmen zeigt
Schattenwirtschaft und Korruption in Mittel- und Osteuropa
No full textDie Schattenwirtschaft ist in Mittel- und Osteuropa mit im Durchschnitt 31 Prozent des Bruttoinlandsprodukts größer als in der bisherigen Europäischen Union mit 18 Prozent. Allerdings zeigt sich in den meisten Ländern eine abnehmende Tendenz. Gründe für das abweichende Ausmaß der Schattenwirtschaft auch zwischen den Transformationsländern sind die Qualität der staatlichen Institutionen, die zwei Drittel der Differenzen erklären können, sowie Unterschiede bei dem Ausmaß an Korruption und dem Grad an ökonomischer Freiheit. Die vordringlichste Aufgabe ist die Bekämpfung der Korruption, die am besten durch mehr Transparenz und Liberalisierung erreicht werden kann
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The shadow economy in industrial countries
No full textThe shadow (underground) economy plays a major role in many countries. People evade taxes and regulations by working in the shadow economy or by employing people illegally. On the one hand, this unregulated economic activity can result in reduced tax revenue and public goods and services, lower tax morale and less tax compliance, higher control costs, and lower economic growth rates. But on the other hand, the shadow economy can be a powerful force for advancing institutional change and can boost the overall production of goods and services in the economy. The shadow economy has implications that extend beyond the economy to the political order
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