1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Prevalência de infecções enteroparasitárias e soroprevalência de Toxoplasma Gondii em idosos atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família de Porto Alegre
Full text linkIntroduction : Parasitic infections are a public health problem in Brazil and in other developing countries with variations according to sanitation, socioeconomic status, educational level, age, and hygienic habits, among other variables. In the elderly population, few studies have been published about intestinal parasites and Toxoplasma gondii infections. Objective : To evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and T. gondii seroprevalence associated with the demographic, socioeconomic, hygienic, sanitary and health conditions of the elderly of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods : This cross-sectional study collected a random sample of FHS elderly individuals living in the city of Porto Alegre, from march 2011 to december 2012. For selection of the elderly, 30 FHS teams were selected, of which 36 respondents were randomly selected by ESF. Data collection was conducted by Community Health Workers (CHW) during home visits; the CHW administered a general epidemiological questionnaire and provided instructions to each patient regarding the collection of fecal samples. Blood and stool samples were collected later by the project team at the healthcare unit where each elderly individual was registered. The blood samples intended for hemograms were sent to the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the São Lucas Hospital. The blood samples intended for toxoplasmosis examination and the fecal samples intended for parasitological stool examination were sent to the Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics and Parasitology Laboratory of the Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, PUCRS. Results : The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 10. 8%, with the following frequencies: 29 (44. 0%), Endolimax nana; 21 (32. 0%), Entamoeba coli; 6 (9. 0%), Giardia lamblia; 4 (6. 0%), Ascaris lumbricoides; 3 (5. 0%), Strongyloides stercoralis; 2 (3. 0%), Trichuris trichiura; and 1 (2. 0%), Iodamoeba butschlii. We found no significant association between infection and the demographic and socioeconomic variables. Regarding the hygiene and sanitary variables, the elderly who had other pets that were not cats or dogs had a higher prevalence of intestinal parasites (27. 8% (P=0. 041)), and those who had animals that were bathed more often had a higher prevalence of enteroparasites (16. 0% (P=0. 024)); these associations remained significant in the multivariate analysis. Regarding the health variables, the elderly who did not have hypertension or mental disease had a higher prevalence of intestinal parasites than those who had these diseases (15. 4% (P=0. 032) and 12. 8% (P=0. 049), respectively). In assessing the hemogram, anemia was no significant relationship with intestinal parasites and association with eosinophilia was significant when examined only the prevalence of pathogenic parasites: 7. 3% (P=0. 010). In T. gondii analysis were evaluated 599 elderly individuals; the seroprevalence of T. gondii IgG and IgM was 88. 0% and 0. 8%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the following variables were independently associated with IgG antibody positivity: age, personal income and use of eyeglasses. With respect to IgM antibody positivity, the independently associated variables were age, self-rated health and wears glasses. In assessing the seroprevalence, 581 elderly individuals were evaluated. Conclusion : The prevalence of intestinal parasites in the elderly was low compared with that found in other studies, and the parasites were predominantly nonpathogenic, such as E. coli and E. nana. These findings implicate interpersonal transmission, environmental contamination or the ingestion of contaminated food or water in this population. There was a high prevalence of elderly individuals who were positive for toxoplasma IgG antibodies. This finding raises concern regarding potential latent infection because this population may have compromised immunity. The findings highlight the importance of the ongoing measures related to sanitation and hygiene education in this community.Introdução : As parasitoses constituem um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, apresentando variações de acordo com as condições de saneamento básico, nível socioeconômico, grau de escolaridade, idade e hábitos de higiene, entre outras variáveis. Na população idosa são raros os estudos publicados sobre infecções por enteroparasitos e pelo Toxoplasma gondii. Objetivo : Avaliar a prevalência das infecções enteroparasitárias e a soroprevalência de T. gondii de acordo com as condições demográficas, socioeconômicas, higiênicas, sanitárias e de saúde dos idosos atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) do município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Metodologia : Estudo transversal coletado em uma amostra aleatória de idosos da ESF do município de Porto Alegre, no período de março de 2011 a dezembro de 2012. Para a seleção dos idosos, foram sorteadas 30 equipes da ESF, das quais foram sorteados 36 idosos por ESF. A coleta de dados foi realizada pelos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS), em visita domiciliar, por meio de questionário geral de inquérito epidemiológico e orientação quanto à coleta de amostras fecais. A coleta de sangue e fezes foi realizada posteriormente pela equipe do projeto na unidade de saúde onde os idosos estavam cadastrados. As amostras de sangue para a realização de hemograma foram encaminhadas para o Laboratório de Patologia Clínica do Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS. As amostras de sangue para o exame de toxoplasmose e as amostras para a realização do exame parasitológico de fezes foram encaminhadas para o Laboratório de Bioquímica, Genética Molecular e Parasitologia do Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia da PUCRS. Resultados : Na avaliação dos enteroparasitos, foram avaliados 581 idosos e a prevalência de enteroparasitoses foi de 10,8%, sendo 29 (44,0%) de Endolimax nana, 21 (32,0%) de Entamoeba coli, 6 (9,0%) de Giardia lamblia, 4 (6,0%) de Ascaris lumbricoides, 3 (5,0%) de Strongyloides stercoralis, 2 (3,0%) de Trichuris trichiura e 1 (2,0%) de Iodamoeba bütschlii. Não foi encontrada nenhuma associação significativa com as variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. Nas variáveis higiênicas e sanitárias, os idosos que diziam ter outros animais de estimação, exceto gato ou cachorro, apresentaram maior prevalência de enteroparasitos: 27,8% (P=0,041), e os que possuíam animais que eram banhados com maior frequência também apresentaram maior prevalência de enteroparasitos: 16,0% (P=0,024); essas variáveis se mantiveram na análise multivariada. Na associação com as variáveis de saúde, os idosos que não apresentavam hipertensão arterial ou doença mental tiveram maior prevalência de enteroparasitos do que os que tinham essas doenças: 15,4% (P=0,032) e 12,8% (P=0,049), respectivamente. Na avaliação do hemograma, anemia não teve relação significativa com as enteroparasitoses, e a associação com eosinofilia foi significativa quando avaliada a prevalência somente de parasitos patogênicos: 7,3% (P=0,010). Na análise do T. gondii, foram avaliados 599 idosos com soroprevalência para T. gondii IgG de 88,0% e 0,8% para T. gondii IgM. Na análise multivariada, as variáveis que se associaram de forma independente para IgG positivo foram: faixa etária, renda pessoal e uso de óculos; e para IgM positivo: faixa etária, autopercepção de saúde e uso de óculos. Conclusão : A prevalência de enteroparasitos encontrada nos idosos foi baixa quando comparada com outros estudos, ocorrendo um predomínio de parasitos não patogênicos, como E. coli e E. nana. Esses achados indicam a possibilidade de transmissão interpessoal, contaminação ambiental ou mesmo a ocorrência de ingestão de alimentos ou água contaminados. Com relação à toxoplasmose, foi encontrada uma alta prevalência de anticorpos IgG positivo para T. gondii nos idosos. A preocupação é para uma potencial infecção latente, uma vez que essa população está sujeita a condições que podem comprometer sua imunidade. Sugere-se, assim, o desenvolvimento de medidas relacionadas a saneamento básico e programas contínuos de educação sanitária na comunidade estudada
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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