268 research outputs found
its impacts and detrminants using investment freedom index as instrumental variable for FDI
No full textThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Development Policy,2018The growth process of the Sub Saharan Africa region has not been significantly influenced by Foreign direct investment inflow in the previous 25 years. The robustness of the result is tested using various model specifications. First pooled OLS regression method was applied; however, due to its methodological limitations of not removing the biasedness of the results, the result was not accepted. Therefore, to control for at least the unobservable time invariant variables, panel fixed effect model was used.
Using this method was not sound enough to remove all biasedness of the estimates. Thus, to get the most efficient estimates two strategies were employed: first, three stages least square (TSLS) combined with fixed effect was used with similar insignificant results; and Finally, an instrumental variable approach using investment freedom as an instrument for FDI is used resulting in high positive impact compared to other models; although it was insignificant.
In addition, the main constraining factors of FDI inflow in to the sub region were unbundled. The study found that improvement in investment freedom has played a positive significant role. the other categories of variables such as resource endowment, macro-economic related policies, human right, human capital and institutional variables did not have a meaning full effect on the FDI inflow. The paper used various methodologies including fixed effect and TSLS to control for all the sources of the endogeneity.1 INTRODUCTION
2 LITRETURE REVIEW
3 METHODOLOGY
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
6 CONCLUSIONOutstandingmasterpublishedEngida Abebe BEKELLE
Adverse birth outcome: a comparative analysis between cesarean section and vaginal delivery at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective record review [Corrigendum]
No full textAbebe Eyowas F, Negasi AK, Aynalem GE, Worku AG. Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics. 2016;7:65–70On page 65 Abel Fekadu Dadi should have been listed as an author. The incorrect author list was:Fantu Abebe Eyowas1Ashebir Kidane Negasi1Gizachew Eyassu Aynalem1Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku2The correct author list should have been:Fantu Abebe Eyowas1Ashebir Kidane Negasi1Gizachew Eyassu Aynalem1Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku2Abel Fekadu Dadi2Read the original articl
Operationalizing effective leadership and coordination systems for better health outcomes in Ethiopia
No full textThis case study examines how the government of Ethiopia implemented an approach for comprehensive policy planning and mechanisms for improved stakeholder coordination in the health sector. In line with this approach, the government designed an innovative policy intervention, the Health Extension Program (HEP), in 2004 as an integral part of the second Health Sector Development Program (HSDP). This intervention was believed to build efficiency and effectiveness in terms of finance mobilization and utilization and to fill skill gaps and enhance accessibility, which were the main constraining factors in the execution of the first HSDP. However, implementation faced delivery challenges including inadequate stakeholder coordination and engagement and diffuse leadership and commitment capacity among the government and stakeholders. To address these problems, the government implemented various coordination and leadership strategies to leverage the impact of overall involvement in the health sector. This included the creation of an overarching coordination mechanism led by the Joint Consultative Forum (JCF), which consists of ministers and heads of bilateral and multilateral development partners. It focuses on and discusses strategic issues every quarter. The JCF is technically supported by the Joint Core Coordinating Committee (JCCC), which includes experts from the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and development partners and focuses on planning, evaluation, and auditing and reporting systems. This serves as a coordination mechanism for the Government of Ethiopia and development partners to work together effectively for better health outcomes
Trans Rights: A detailed analysis of access to gender affirming treatments by minors and the differing approaches taken by Member States in the European Union
No full textIn this paper the author will be discussing the varying approaches by Member States in the European Union regarding the rights of Minors to access/undertake gender affirming treatments. This paper shall have a particular focus on the varying approaches taken by the Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom and the Netherlands in minors having access to gender affirming treatments. The Netherlands has developed a protocol for gender affirming intervention which has been deemed to be the benchmark for providing treatment for minors suffering from gender dysphoria. The protocol developed by the Netherland vastly differs from other Member States such as the United Kingdom and Ireland. The basis for the differing views by such member states lies on the basis of health officials that intervention can be a detriment to minors instead of having a benefit. The varying approaches by Member States raises the question of what can be considered to be the appropriate approach to be undertaken in providing gender affirming treatment to minors and the lines that must be drawn between what can be considered in what is deemed to be providing minors with the right to receive appropriate care against what can be considered to be medical malpractice
Types of cancers diagnosed and the preference of families of adult patients with cancer about disclosing diagnosis to the patients
No full textTypes of cancers diagnosed and the preference of families of adult patients with cancer about disclosing diagnosis to the patients
No full textBackground: Cancer has become one of the top causes of death in developing nations killing more people than the common infectious diseases do. For several reasons, disclosing cancer diagnosis to the patient is a challenging job for physicians and family members.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done to determine the common cancer diagnosis and the preference about disclosing cancer diagnosis to the patients among attendants of adult cancer patients seen at the regular surgical OPD of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical college (SPHMMC) in June 1-31st 2015. Medical records of the patients and face-to-face interview with attendants were used to generate the data and analysis was done with SPSS version 19.0.Results: A total 112(7.3%) patients were diagnosed to have cancer and 104 attendants (93%) were interviewed. The mean age of the patients was 48.2 years, Females made up 59% of the patients. The commonest cancer diagnosed was breast cancer. Male (62.7%) and children (36.1%) were the main attendants. Only 56.6% of the attendants agreed that patients should be the first to know diagnosis results. When possible, 84.3% preferred to hide diagnosis. Although 81.3% attendants did not like diagnosis disclosure to the patient, all of them wanted to know the diagnosis if they develop cancer. Nearly all, 98.8%, of the attendants preferred to hear the diagnosis from their doctors.Conclusions: Cancer is a relatively common diagnosis occurring at a younger age. The rate of cancer diagnosis disclosure acceptance and practice by attendants was low. Population-based and multicentre study with a larger sample size is recommended to define the condition betterKeywords: Cancer, disclosure, reaso
Giant Appendicolithiasis Presenting with Chronic Abdominal Pain and Mass: A Case Report
No full textBACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen. The diagnosis of appendicitis can be easy when it presents with the classical symptoms or is very challenging when present with atypical presentation. Around 20-30% of patients operated on for appendicitis have appendicolithiasis. Appendicolithiasis are usually small in size, and are called giant when more than 2cm in size.CASE DETAIL: A 36 years old man was referred from a district hospital with a diagnosis of cecal cancer. His complaints were right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal mass of 03 months and pain of 18 months duration. Colonoscopy was normal but abdominal CT showed a RLQ mass with a dense radio-opaque shadow at its center.CONCLUSIONS: Giant appendicolith is a rare condition. A high index of suspicion and careful review of imaging findings is the key in early diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.
Schistosomal Peritonitis Presenting as Acute Abdomen: A Case Report
No full textBackground-Schistosomiasis is a trematode infestation causing a chronic granulomatous disease in various organs. Both S. mansoni & S. haematobium are endemic in Ethiopia. Most infected individuals are asymptomatic. Ectopic schistosomiasis can affect the lungs, genitalia, CNS, skin, peritoneum, Lymph nodes & other organs. Schistosomiasis as a cause of acute abdomen is seldom reported.Case Detail-A 51years -old male Ethiopian farmer presented with a two weeks history of abdominal pain with recent onset bilious vomiting and abdominal distention. Emergency laparotomy done & the finding was multiple tiny whitish nodule over the peritoneum & small bowel with multiple mesenteric lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis was confirmed with histopathology study.Conclusions- Schistosomal peritonitis is a very uncommon form of schistosomiasis. Physicians should be aware of such atypical presentation in patients from endemic areas of schistosomiasis. And biopsy should be considered in unsettled forms of peritonitis during laparotomy. The pathogenesis is not well known which warrants further study
Integrating Human Resource Development (HRD) Issues Into Development Plan by Contextualizing Korean Development Experiences
No full textOpinion Dynamics Optimization by Varying Susceptibility to Persuasion via Non-Convex Local Search
No full textA long line of work in social psychology has studied variations in people's susceptibility to persuasion - the extent to which they are willing to modify their opinions on a topic. This body of literature suggests an interesting perspective on theoretical models of opinion formation by interacting parties in a network: in addition to considering interventions that directly modify people's intrinsic opinions, it is also natural to consider interventions that modify people's susceptibility to persuasion.In this work, motivated by this fact, we propose an influence optimization problem. Specifically, we adopt a popular model for social opinion dynamics, where each agent has some fixed innate opinion, and a resistance that measures the importance it places on its innate opinion; agents influence one another's opinions through an iterative process. Under certain conditions, this iterative process converges to some equilibrium opinion vector. For the unbudgeted variant of the problem, the goal is to modify the resistance of any number of agents (within some given range) such that the sum of the equilibrium opinions is minimized; for the budgeted variant, in addition the algorithm is given upfront a restriction on the number of agents whose resistance may be modified.We prove that the objective function is in general non-convex. Hence, formulating the problem as a convex program as in an early version of this work (Abebe et al., KDD'18) might have potential correctness issues. We instead analyze the structure of the objective function, and show that any local optimum is also a global optimum, which is somehow surprising as the objective function might not be convex. Furthermore, we combine the iterative process and the local search paradigm to design very efficient algorithms that can solve the unbudgeted variant of the problem optimally on large-scale graphs containing millions of nodes. Finally, we propose and evaluate experimentally a family of heuristics for the budgeted variant of the problem. © 2021 held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM
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