1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
On the Endogenous Generation of Emotion
Get PDFThe thesis investigates the endogenous generation of emotion (EnGE). Two main questions were pursued: 1) How is the volitional generation of emotion neurally and behaviourally implemented? and 2) How can this ability be used for emotional self- regulation? This was investigated in two projects: In the first project, neural, psychophysiological, and behavioural indices of EnGE were investigated in a large, representative sample. The second project investigated the behavioural, functional and structural correlates of meditation practices involving endogenous generation of positive emotion, in a sample of expert meditators.
Answering the first question, the first project indicated that EnGE is neurally supported by the cooperation of nodes of the Default Mode (DMN), extended Salience (SN), and left Frontoparietal Control (FPCN) Networks. Results suggest dissociable functional component processes were implemented by these networks, with DMN supporting the generation of simulated representations, while SN supported the generation of core affective qualities of self-generated emotional experiences. FPCN co-activation patterns suggested it supports the coordination of the generation process. The second project showed similar activations during loving-kindness and compassion meditation. Moreover, expert meditators showed increased cortical thickness in, primarily, the left FPCN. This suggests endogenous emotion generation is neurally effected by left FPCN, entraining core affective processes supported by SN and simulation construction supported by DMN.
EnGE-based emotional self-regulation was investigated in a second set of studies. Neural and behavioural measures indicated that expert meditators could successfully regulate their emotional reactions to negative external stressors. Comparing compassion with reappraisal-based emotion regulation, regulatory effects differed, with compassion-based regulation primarily increasing positive emotion while reappraisal primarily decreased negative emotion. Moreover, in the large, representative sample, EnGE-abilities were associated with trait affect and emotion management styles. Moreover, evidence was found
that EnGE-abilities partially mediate the relationship between positive trait affect and adaptive, instrumental emotion management styles. These results suggest that EnGE can be used in a reactive fashion to regulate emotional reactions to negative stressors, and that EnGE-abilities support emotion management in the normal population.Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die endogene Generation von Emotionen (EnGE). Zwei Hauptfragen wurde verfolgt: 1) Wie die willentliche Erzeugung von Emotionen neuronal oder im Verhalten implementiert ist, und 2) wie diese Fähigkeit für die emotionale Selbstregulation verwendet werden kann. Dies wurde in zwei Projekten genauer untersucht: Im ersten Projekt wurden neuronale und psychophysiologische Mechanismen sowie Verhaltensweisen in Bezug auf EnGE in einer großen und repräsentativen Stichprobe untersucht. Das zweite Projekt untersuchte die verhaltensbedingten, funktionellen, und strukturellen Korrelate von bestimmten Meditationsübungen, die die endogene Erzeugung von positiven Emotionen beinhalten, in einer Stichprobe von Meditationsexperten.
In Bezug auf die erste Forschungsfrage, haben wir im ersten Projekt Daten erhoben, die nahelegen, dass EnGE auf neuronaler Ebene durch die Kooperation von wichtigen Arealen des Default Mode Netzwerks (DMN), sowie des erweiterten Salience (SN) und des linken Frontoparietal Control (FPCN) Netzwerks unterstützt wird. Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass unterscheidbare funktionelle Komponenten-Prozesse durch diese Netzwerke implementiert werden. Das DMN unterstützt dabei die Erzeugung von simulierten Repräsentationen, während das SN die Generation der „core“ affektive Qualitäten von selbstgenerierten emotionalen Erfahrungen unterstützt. Das FPCN Ko-Aktivierungsmuster legt eine Rolle bei der Koordination von Erzeugungsprozessen nahe. Das zweite Projekt zeigte ähnliche Aktivierungen durch Loving-kindness und Mitgefühls-Meditation. Weiterhin zeigten Meditationsexperten eine erhöhte kortikale Dicke vor allem im linken FPCN. Diese Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass eine endogene Emotionsgeneration neuronal vom linken FPCN beeinflusst wird, dass eine SN Aktivierung „core“ affektive Prozesse unterstützt, und dass die Simulationskonstruktion vom DMN gesteuert wird.
EnGE-basierte emotionale Selbstregulation wurde mittels dem zweiten Set von Experimenten genauer untersucht. Neuronale- und Verhaltensmaße weisen darauf hin, dass Meditationsexperten ihre eigenen emotionalen Reaktionen auf negative externe Stressoren erfolgreich regulieren konnten. Ein Vergleich von Mitgefühlsmeditation und Neubewertungs- basierter (reappraisal) Emotionsregulation zeigte, dass die Regulationseffekte insofern unterschiedlich sind, dass Mitgefühl-basierte Regulation zunächst positive Emotionen erhöht,
während eine Neubewertungsstrategie hauptsächlich negative Emotionen reduziert. Außerdem wurden in der großen und repräsentativen Stichprobe EnGE-Fähigkeiten mit habituellem Affekt (trait affect) und Emotionsmanagement-Stilen assoziiert. EnGE- Fähigkeiten wurden teilweise durch die Beziehung zwischen positiven habituellem Affekt und adaptiven instrumentellen Emotionsmanagement-Stilen vermittelt. Diese Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass EnGE in einer reaktiven Weise für eine Regulation von Emotionsreaktionen auf negative Stressoren verwendet werden kann und das EnGE Fähigkeiten das Emotionsmanagement in einer normalen Population unterstützen
Temporal dynamics of emotion regulation : a fMRI study of neural activity and functional connectivity
No full textEmotion regulation strategies are thought to have differential impact on emotional experience as a consequence of when and how they interact with the emotion-generative process. These differences are thought to be reflected in the dynamics of the neural systems underlying emotion generation and emotion regulation. However, few studies of neural activity have hitherto been undertaken directly contrasting different emotion regulations strategies, and none have investigated the temporal dynamics of connectivity in emotion regulation. Therefore, the current study investigated the temporal dynamics of neural activity and functional connectivity during performance of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. These strategies are thought to differ in when in the emotion generative process they are active. These differences are hypothezised be reflected in different temporal signatures and neural substrates. To investigate this 39 subjects of both genders underwent fMRI scanning while regulating their emotional response to 15 second disgust-inducing film clips using these strategies. Contrary to earlier findings, the current study found suppression- and reappraisal-related activity in both Early (0-5) and Late (10-15) periods of the film. The results concur with previous studies in indicating that Reappraisal is subserved by two distinct top-down appraisal systems, that affect the both perceptual and affective bottom-up appraisal systems. Suppression in turn was indicated to be two distinct networks, one motor control network and one conflict monitoring network hypothezised to be involved in mediating the conflict between the inhibitory motor control and prepotent emotional response patterns. The temporal dynamics and connectivity patterns were interpreted as supportive of this hypothesis. Further evidence was found that both of these strategies are characterized by activity in a region of the brain implicated in emotion-related control in a wide variety of studies. This is interpreted as evidence for the existence of a core emotion regulation network centred on the Inferior Frontal Gyrus, that affords emotion- related regulation through the setting of reference states for other, task-specific, control networks
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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