141,880 research outputs found
Quadratic engel curves and consumer demand
No full textThis paper presents a model of consumer demand that is consistent with the observed expenditure patterns of individual consumers in a long time series of expenditure surveys and is also able to provide a detailed welfare analysis of shifts in relative prices. A nonparametric analysis of consumer expenditure patterns suggests that Engel curves require quadratic terms in the logarithm of expenditure. While popular models of demand such as the Translog or the Almost Ideal Demand Systems do allow flexible price responses within a theoretically coherent structure, they have expenditure share Engel curves that are linear in the logarithm of total expenditure. We derive the complete class of integrable quadratic logarithmic expenditure share systems. A specification from this class is estimated on a large pooled data set of U.K. households. Models that fail to account for Engel curvature are found ro generate important distortions in the patterns of welfare losses associated with a tax increase
Oligochlora grimaldii Engel 1997
No full text<i>Oligochlora grimaldii</i> Engel <p> <i>Oligochlora grimaldii</i> Engel, 1997: 98; Engel, 2001: 176.</p> <p> <b>New material.</b> ♀; KU-DR-020; amber from the Dominican Republic (specific mine unknown), Early Miocene (Burdigalian); Fossil Insect Collection, Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.</p> <p> <b>Tribe Caenohalictini Michener</b></p>Published as part of <i>Engel, Michael, 2009, Two New Halictine Bees in Miocene Amber from the Dominican Republic (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), pp. 1-12 in ZooKeys 29 (29)</i> on page 6, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.29.257, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/576571">http://zenodo.org/record/576571</a>
Using Engel curves to measure CPI bias for Indonesia
No full textTo measure real income growth over time a price index is needed to adjust for changes in the cost of living. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is often used for this task but studies from several countries show the CPI is a biased measure of changes in the cost of living, leading to potentially wrong estimates of the rate of growth of real income. In this paper CPI bias for Indonesia is calculated by estimating food Engel curves for households with the same level of CPI-deflated incomes at four different points in time between 1993 and 2008. The results suggest CPI bias was initially negative during the Asian Crisis but has been positive since 2000. Over the entire period, CPI bias has averaged four percent annually, equivalent to almost one-third of the measured inflation rate
An Engel Curve Analysis of Household Expenditure in Taiwan: 1996-98
No full textSeven systems of Engel curves for expenditures on ten commodity groups were estimated using Taiwanese household expenditure data for the period from 1996 through 1998. Results show that the estimated expenditure elasticities are insensitive to the choice of functional forms.Engel curve, Taiwan, Consumer/Household Economics,
Interviews with Nellie Holtzinger, Alois B. Engel, Mildred Philip, and Ward Philip
No full textInterviews with Nellie Holtzinger, Alois B. Engel, Mildred Philip, and Ward Philip. 00:00:00 - Introduction. Tape has been recorded over loud music and so the introduction is difficult to understand. 00:00:33 - Interview with Nellie Holtzinger begins in progress. Life in early Ellis County. 00:01:38 - Prairie fires 00:03:59 - Raising animals, making sausage, food, and provisions 00:06:14 - Get-togethers, entertainment, and Christmas 00:07:01 - School, games, and Christmas 00:09:36 - Interview with Slois B. Engel of Ellis, KS begins in progress 00:09:39 - Rodeo and rattlesnakes 00:14:22 - Kenneth Engel on his motivations for recording these interviews 00:17:41 - Tuttle Ranch near McCracken and How Charlie Came to Die 00:22:43 - Story about a man who hanged himself [graphic content] 00:26:39 - Ancestors coming from Russia to America 00:31:10 - Interview with Mildred Philip begins in progress. 00:31:17 - Life in Hays and Munjor in the early 1930s 00:33:16 - Introduction, Ward Philip of Brownell, KS on March 27, 1970 00:33:36 - History of the Batell Ranch 00:36:56 - Use of root cellars 00:38:07 - Operation of the ranch and the ranch clock 00:40:29 - Water system 00:41:49 - Blizzard of 1931 near Victoria, KS 00:50:32 - Plight of the cowshttps://scholars.fhsu.edu/sackett/1129/thumbnail.jp
Lychnocolacidae Kathirithamby & Engel 2014
No full textLychnocolacidae, new family <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 794DBB1A-FA4D-44AA-B8AF-144C8EA88C65</p> <p> Lychnocolacidae Kathirithamby & Engel, 2014: 387. Unavailable (ICZN, 1999: Arts. 16.1, 16.2). Type genus: <i>Lychnocolax</i> Bohart, 1951 (implied designation but not explicit as required by ICZN: Art. 16.2).</p> <p> <b>Type genus:</b> <i>Lychnocolax</i> Bohart, 1951.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> Mandibles present, narrow and blade-like; maxillary base equal to or smaller than palpus; antenna with seven antennomeres, flabellum present on antennomere III and rounded (not flattened); tarsi tetramerous (four tarsomeres); pretarsus without claws or sensory spots; wing venation with CuA 1 and CuA 2 present (CuA 2 absent in Myrmecolacidae).</p>Published as part of <i>Engel, Michael S., 2020, On the availability of the family-group name Lychnocolacidae (Strepsiptera), pp. 441-442 in Zootaxa 4743 (3)</i> on page 441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4743.3.12, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3688225">http://zenodo.org/record/3688225</a>
Chlerogella mourella Engel
No full text<i>Chlerogella mourella</i> Engel <p>Figs 92–94, Map 3</p> <p> <i>Chlerogella mourella</i> Engel, 2003b: 135. Moure et al., 2007: 794.</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> ♀, ECUADOR: Napo, Sierra Azul, 2300 m, 21–22 April 1996, P. Hibbs, ex: flight intercept trap (SEMC).</p> <p> <b>Figures 92–94.</b> Holotype female of <i>Chlerogella mourella</i> Engel. <b>92</b> Lateral habitus <b>93</b> Lateral aspect of head <b>94</b> Facial aspect.</p> <p> <b>Paratype.</b> ECUADOR: 1♀, Napo, Cosanga Aragon, 8 November 1993, G. Onore (QCAZ).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Chlerogella mourella</i> can be recognized readily by its relatively short malar space and its black head and mesosoma lacking metallic highlights (Figs 92–94).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> From Engel (2003b), with minor emendations: <i>Female</i>: Total body length 10.6 mm; forewing length 8.72 mm. Head length 2.44 mm, width 1.84 mm. Clypeus beginning just above lower tangent of compound eyes. Malar space 19% compound eye length (malar length 0.3 mm, compound eye length 1.58 mm) (Figs 93–94). Upper interorbital distance 0.96 mm; lower interorbital distance 0.88 mm. Upper portion of pronotum medially depressed, not elongate, medially less than 0.25 times ocellar diameter in length; ventral portion of preëpisternal sulcus not broad, similar to scrobal sulcus and upper portion of preëpisternal sulcus; intertegular distance 1.5 mm; mesoscutellum weakly convex, not bigibbous. Basal vein distad cu-a by three times vein width; 1rs-m distad 1m-cu by 3.5 times vein width; 2rs-m distad 2m-cu by five times vein width, 2rs-m straight; first submarginal cell longer than combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly, anterior border of second submarginal cell along Rs shorter than that of third submarginal cell; posterior border of third submarginal cell about two times longer than anterior border. Distal hamuli arranged 2-1-2. Inner metatibial spur with six branches (not including apical portion of rachis).</p> <p>Clypeus and supraclypeal area granular with weak punctures separated by a puncture width; face granular with minute punctures in malar space separated by a puncture width; vertex weakly granular, becoming imbricate on gena and more strongly so by postgena. Pronotum weakly imbricate; mesoscutum granular; mesoscutellum and metanotum finely imbricate with faint punctures. Preëpisternum and mesepisternum granular with faint punctures separated by 2–3 times a puncture width; hypoepimeral area impunctate; metepisternum faintly imbricate. Propodeum strongly imbricate. Metasoma finely imbricate.</p> <p>Mandible black with reddish apex; labrum and remainder of head black to dark brown. Antenna dark brown except basal one-fifth and inner surface of scape amber. Mesosoma black (Fig. 92); tegula dark brown. Wing membranes lightly infumate; veins amber except Sc+R dark brown. Legs amber except dark brown on procoxa, inner surface of profemur, basal half of mesocoxa, inner base of mesofemur, basal threequarters of metacoxa, basal half of inner surface of metafemur. Metasomal TI amber, with dark brown band just beyond midline, band stopping a distance from apical margin equal to its width, apical margin amber; TII dark brown except basal and apical margins amber; TIII dark brown except apical margin amber; TIV–VI dark brown; SI–II amber; SIII amber except medial dark brown patch; SIV dark brown except apical margin yellowish; SV–VI dark brown.</p> <p>Pubescence golden except somewhat fuscous on TV–VI and SVI. Dense long, branched setae on discs of SI–II.</p> <p> <i>Male</i>: Unknown.</p>Published as part of <i>Engel, Michael, 2010, Revision of the Bee Genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), Part II: South American Species and Generic Diagnosis, pp. 1-100 in ZooKeys 47 (47)</i> on pages 58-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.47.416, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/576667">http://zenodo.org/record/576667</a>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nesagapostemon moronei Engel 2009, sp. n.
No full text<i>Nesagapostemon moronei</i> Engel, sp. n. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 40ED15E4-965F-40D9-8E5C-BE42E23CB1E8</p> <p>Figs 3–4</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> ♀, MACT-1172 (Fig. 3); amber from the Dominican Republic (specific mine unknown), Early Miocene (Burdigalian); Morone Amber Collection, Turin, Italy. The holotype is preserved with three <i>P</i>. <i>dominicana</i> workers, one alongside the holotype’s metasoma and one at each end of the piece, as well as several small flies. The holotype is not well preserved, with the several fractures around the metasoma, which</p> <p> <b>Figures 3–4.</b> Photomicrographs of holotype female of <i>Nesagapostemon moronei</i> <b>gen. n. sp. n.</b> (MACT- 1172) <b>3</b> Dorsal aspect of holotype <b>4</b> Detail of extended (right) metatibia and metatarsus.</p> <p>itself is curved under the remainder of the body, and much of the bee is covered in minute air pockets, fractures, and some orangish debris such that glimpses onto the integument are challenging, but possible.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> As for the genus (<i>vide supra</i>).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> As for the genus with the following additions: <i>Female</i>: Total body length 9.9 mm; forewing length 6.9 mm. Head width 2.4 mm; apparently wider than long although a direct frontal view of the face is not possible in the holotype. Forew- ing with basal vein strongly arched, distad cu-a by 1.5 times vein width; 1rs-m distad 1m-cu by about three times vein width; 2rs-m gently arcuate, distad 2m-cu by about six times vein width; first submarginal cell longer than combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal cell relatively square, length of anterior border of second submarginal cell along Rs as long as abscissa of Rs forming its proximal border and about as long as r-rs, slightly shorter than anterior border of third submarginal cell; anterior border of third submarginal cell along Rs about two-thirds length of posterior border. Inner metatibial spur with three branches (not including apical portion of rachis).</p> <p>Sculpturing of head and mesosoma apparently with coarse punctures separated by less than a puncture width, integument between apparently smooth and shining, those punctures of mesosoma larger than those of head. Metasomal terga granulose with coarse, shallow punctures separated by a puncture width or less (owing to preservation best seen laterally in holotype when viewed from above as metasoma is slightly twisted exposing the terga; in ventral aspect the central portions of the terga are largely covered with fine debris); apical margins of terga apparently impunctate and strongly imbricate; metasomal sterna not easily visible.</p> <p>Integumental coloration obscured by layers of air in most places giving a silvery reflection. In places where integument is more easily seen (small places on face, vertex, gena, metasoma laterally, and some of the sterna) apparently head and mesosoma metallic except antenna dark brown and tegula translucent brown, while metasomal terga dark brown with weaker metallic green highlights, sterna dark brown without highlights. Wing membranes hyaline; veins brown. Legs dark reddish brown.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet is a patronymic honoring Dott. Ettore Morone in recognition for his support of my studies and his many generous kindnesses.</p> <p> <b>Provisional Key to the Dominican Amber Halictidae</b></p> <p>The following provisional key is based on females only as the male of <i>E</i>. <i>dominicana</i> is the only halictine male presently documented from Dominican amber.</p> <p>1. Pseudopygidial area without medioapical slit; posterior surface of propodeum encircled by strong carinae (Caenohalictini)............................................... <b>2</b></p> <p>– Pseudopygidial area with medioapical slit; posterior surface of propodeum not encircled by strong carinae (Augochlorini)........................................... <b>3</b></p> <p>2. Small species (length about 5 mm); basal area of propodeum slanting in profile, as long as vertical posterior surface; metatibia with scattered moderatelength setae, setae with a few apical branches, those on inner surface distinctly longer than those on outer surface; apex of rachis of inner metatibial spur not hooked; marginal cell apex sharply pointed on anterior wing margin, inner border on costa 1.4–1.6 times length of pterostigma.............................................................................. <b> <i>Eickwortapis dominicana</i> Michener & Poinar</b> </p> <p>– Large species (length about 9.9 mm); basal area of propodeum not slanting in profile, about one-half length of vertical posterior surface; metatibia densely setose, setae on inner surface elongate, longer than metatibial spurs, intermingled with long plumose setae and more elongate simple setae, setae on outer surface about as long as those on inner surface and plumose [cf. Fig. 4 with figure 6 of Michener and Poinar (1996)]; apex of rachis of inner metatibial spur hooked; marginal cell apex acutely rounded on anterior wing margin, inner border on costa 2 times length of pterostigma.............................................................................. <b> <i>Nesagapostemon moronei</i> gen. n. sp. n.</b> </p> <p>3. Epistomal sulcus outside of subantennal sulci forming obtuse angle; inner metatibial spur pectinate............................................................................ <b>4</b></p> <p>– Epistomal sulcus outside of subantennal sulci forming small, acute angle; inner metatibial spur simple, serrate.................... <b> <i>Augochlora leptoloba</i> Engel</b> </p> <p>4. Anterior border of mesoscutum broadly and gently rounded, not projecting over pronotum........................................................................................... <b>5</b></p> <p>– Anterior border of mesoscutum narrowed medially and projecting over pronotum................................................................ <b> <i>Neocorynura electra</i> Engel</b> </p> <p>5. Basal area of propodeum dull and granular or imbricate, with or without short basal striae, never smooth, polished, and shining............................... <b>6</b></p> <p>– Basal area of propodeum smooth and shining, without striae................................................................................................... <b> <i>Oligochlora eickworti</i> Engel</b> </p> <p>6. Basal area of propodeum without minute basal striae................................. <b>7</b></p> <p>– Basal area of propodeum with minute basal striae...................................... <b>9</b></p> <p>7. Pronotal dorsolateral angle orthogonal; basal area of propodeum granular..... <b>8</b></p> <p>– Pronotal dorsolateral angle obtuse; basal area of propodeum imbricate................................................. <b> <i>Oligochlora marquettorum</i> Engel & Rightmyer</b> </p> <p>8. Smaller species (total body length under 7.5 mm); inner metatibial spur with three branches (not including apical portion of rachis)........................................................................................................ <b> <i>Oligochlora grimaldii</i> Engel</b> </p> <p>– Larger species (total body length over 8 mm); inner metatibial spur with four branches (not including apical portion of rachis)..... <b> <i>Oligochlora rozeni</i> Engel</b> </p> <p>9. Pronotal dorsolateral angle orthogonal; gena granular, without rugae; mesoscutum granular and largely impunctate....... <b> <i>Oligochlora micheneri</i> Engel</b> </p> <p>– Pronotal dorsolateral angle obtuse; gena granular and transversely rugulose; mesoscutum granular with contiguous punctures except punctures more widely spaced medially.................................. <b> <i>Oligochlora semirugosa</i> sp. n.</b> </p>Published as part of <i>Engel, Michael, 2009, Two New Halictine Bees in Miocene Amber from the Dominican Republic (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), pp. 1-12 in ZooKeys 29 (29)</i> on pages 7-10, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.29.257, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/576571">http://zenodo.org/record/576571</a>
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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