11 research outputs found
Study of Grid-Connected PV System for a Low Voltage Distribution System: A Case Study of Cambodia
No full textThe low voltage (LV) distribution systems are extended year by year due to the increase in energy demand. To overcome this issue, distribution system utilities have been focusing on designing and operating an appropriate distribution system with minimum capital and operational expenditure for supplying electricity to users. This article compares different algorithms to design an LVAC distribution system in a rural area, which focuses on minimizing the total length of lines and the power losses and balancing the loads among the three phases including the economic evaluation of the grid-connected PV system. Firstly, the shortest path (SP) algorithm is established to search for the minimization of the conductor used. Secondly, three different algorithms which are repeated phase sequence (RPABC), first fit bin packing (FFBP), and mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) algorithms are developed to balance the load and minimize power losses. Next, a comparative result of three different algorithms is provided. Finally, the techno-economic analysis of the grid-connected PV system with different electricity tariffs with hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources (HOMER) software is studied in the planning period. To validate a proposed method, the 129-buses low voltage distribution in a rural village, in Cambodia, is tested. The simulation result confirms the optimal solution of the MIQP algorithm and PV system integration in designing a distribution system in a particular case study
Optimal feeder routing and phase balancing for an unbalanced distribution system: a case study in Cambodia
No full textThis paper aims to minimize the distance of the feeder path from high-voltage/medium-voltage (HV/MV) substation to medium-voltage/low-voltage (MV/LV) transformers and minimize power loss in an unbalanced distribution system by the phase-swapping concept-based load balancing. The shortest path algorithm (SPA) and the genetic algorithm (GA) for optimal feeder routing and phase balancing separately in the MV unbalanced distribution network are proposed. First, the relevant data for the system is collected. These data include substation coordinates (X, Y), active and reactive power (P, Q), phase connections, and lines’ impedance (Z). secondly, the performance of the existing configuration of the test system with numerous indications is presented. Finally, the proposed method is performed to minimize the length and power losses. The real 47-bus test system in Cambodia is chosen to demonstrate the proposed method. In this study, overall power losses, the maximum voltage imbalance, and voltage regulation are computed by the backward/forward sweep load flow. The results based on the simulation indicate the importance of the proposed approach, especially for distribution system designers and operators
Planning of an LVAC Distribution System with Centralized PV and Decentralized PV Integration for a Rural Village
No full textEnergy demand is continuously increasing, leading to yearly expansions in low-voltage (LV) distribution systems integrated with PVs to deliver electricity to users with techno-economic considerations. This study proposes and compares different topology planning strategies with and without PVs in a rural area of Cambodia over 30 years of planning. Firstly, the optimal radial topology from a distribution transformer to end-users is provided using the shortest path algorithm. Secondly, two different phase balancing concepts (i.e., pole balancing and load balancing) with different phase connection methods (i.e., power losses and energy losses) are proposed and compared to find the optimal topology. Then, the integration of centralized (CePV) and decentralized PV (DePV) into the optimal topology is investigated for three different scenarios, which are zero-injection (MV and LV levels), no sell-back price, and a sell-back price. Next, the minimum sell-back price from CePV and DePV integration is determined. To optimize phase balancing, including the location and size of PV, an optimization technique using a water cycle algorithm (WCA) is applied. Finally, an economic analysis of each scenario based on the highest net present cost (NPC), including capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) over the planning period, is evaluated. In addition, technical indicators, such as autonomous time and energy, and environmental indicator, which is quantified by CO2 emissions, are taken into account. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method
Crossing the river of law: the women’s participation in peacebuilding at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)
No full textThis thesis focuses on the empowerment of women in the Cambodian legal system as participants in the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) and as advocates of gender and human rights. These preliminary findings will lay the foundation for a larger dissertation, which will further explore the role of women as peace builders in post-conflict societies. The research highlights local applications of gender and human rights through the participation of female civil parties in a court of international standards (ECCC). International human rights conventions have been embedded in the Khmer Rouge Tribunal at the ECCC, allowing victims of Democratic Kampuchea (women in particular) to exercise their full legal rights on an equal basis before the law. For the first time, an ad-hoc court of this nature has been established to seek truth, justice, and reparations for crimes against humanity, including torture, starvation, forced marriage, mass killing, genocide, war crimes, and other crimes committed by former Democratic Kampuchea leaders from 1975 to 1979. Through in-depth interviews, transcripts of court hearings, and participant observations, my research has shown that the ECCC has been instrumental in localizing the global concept of human rights within the Cambodian court system. In the process, female civil parties have fully exercised their legal rights as participants in the court proceedings, providing a comprehensive historical account that has been crucial to the prosecutions of Cases 001 and 002. Testifying before the court enabled these women to heal their wounds and forgive the accused, both of which are prerequisites for the achievement of peace and reconciliation within the country. Cambodia women have been agents of peace since the end of the conflict in 1979; through their participation in the ECCC, they have expanded their influence by playing a pivotal role in ending past impunity and ensuring that justice is served on behalf of the victims and survivors of Democratic Kampuchea. Their efforts in this regard have contributed significantly to sustainable peace in Cambodia.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Samphoas Hu
Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems Based on Modified Sequential Switch Opening Method
No full textModifying Switch Opening and Exchange Method for Distribution Network Reconfiguration with Distributed Generations
No full text
Distribution System Restoration Using Spanning Tree Based on Depth First Search Visual in GUI
No full textOptimal Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems with Distributed Generations Based on Modified Sequential Switch Opening and Exchange
No full textThe distribution systems operate radially with meshed topologies thanks to tie-switches and sectionalizing switches consisting of the systems. The power distribution systems are undergoing evolutions strongly toward active distribution systems for reliability and quality of service enhancements through reconfiguration. The distributed generations are also one effective solution for the above objectives. A consumption time is one of the considerable issues that many existing methods have not been achieved for reconfiguration purpose. This paper brings an adaptive solution called modified sequential switch opening and exchange (MSSOE), which is carried out with MATLAB and MATPOWER tool, to overcome these issues. The fundamental loop has been proposed for the MSSOE method to reduce search space in the iteration process. In each step of the searching process, MSSOE observes that if any switches within the same loop of the selected tie-switch are deleted to avoid opening those switches in the next iteration. The process of MSSOE is done when the radial topology is given. The proposed method is tested with the standard IEEE 33-bus, IEEE 69-bus, and IEEE 119-bus distribution systems to observe the effectiveness of the MSSOE algorithm. Comparison to existing algorithms in terms of global solution and computation time conclude that the MSSOE is the best method
