8 research outputs found
Pollution Control of HCl Synthesis Unit in Chloro-Alkali Industry
No full textAbstractControl of chlorine gas release is a major concern for most chlor-alkali industries. Normally manual and proportional-derivative-integral control strategies are provided for control. In HCl synthesis plant there are chances of chlorine leakage to atmosphere under certain fault conditions. The limit of chlorine release at stack is 6ppm and its exposure limit at ground is 2ppm. If the chlorine release exceeds the limits it may cause pollution problems and in turn will affect human life and environment. This project defines a control strategy to limit the chlorine gas release from the stack by a control mechanism that measures the chlorine concentration at the stack and control the inlet flow rate of chlorine gas to the oven. For this control mechanism PID, Fuzzy logic and Fuzzy-PID strategies are used and of the three, Fuzzy-PID is the best controller which would efficiently limit the release of chlorine gas to atmospher
On Jacobi Inversion Formulae for Telescopic Curves
No full textFor a hyperelliptic curve of genus g, it is well known that the symmetric products of g points on the curve are expressed in terms of their Abel-Jacobi image by the hyperelliptic sigma function (Jacobi inversion formulae). Matsutani and Previato gave a natural generalization of the formulae to the more general algebraic curves defined by yr=f(x), which are special cases of (n,s) curves, and derived new vanishing properties of the sigma function of the curves yr=f(x). In this paper we extend the formulae to the telescopic curves proposed by Miura and derive new vanishing properties of the sigma function of telescopic curves. The telescopic curves contain the (n,s) curves as special cases.The author would like to thank Professor Shigeki Matsutani for answering a question on the
paper [18] kindly and sending his unpublished paper. The author would like to thank Professor
Atsushi Nakayashiki for inviting him the conference “Curves, Moduli and Integrable Systems”
at Tsuda College and giving valuable discussions. The author would like to thank Professor
Masato Okado for the support of travel costs for a presentation at Tsukuba University. The
author would like to thank Professor Yoshihiro Onishi for inviting him Meijo University and
giving valuable discussions. The author would like to thank the anonymous referees for reading
our paper carefully and giving many valuable comments. In particular, the author is deeply
grateful for their warm encouragement
Comprehensive structural changes in nanoscale-deformed silicon modelled with an integrated atomic potential
No full textFunding Information: This research was assisted by the Academy of Finland - Research Platform OMA for Programmable Materials (The Consortium PROPER). DC is grateful for the support from the National Science Centre , Poland (Grant No. 2016/21/B/ST8/02737 ). All computer simulations used resources provided to the Nordic Hysitron Laboratory by the CSC-IT Centre for Science, Finland, which we gratefully acknowledge. RN appreciates the visiting scholar opportunity at Hokkaido University and Meijo University. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)In spite of remarkable developments in the field of advanced materials, silicon remains one of the foremost semiconductors of the day. Of enduring relevance to science and technology is silicon's nanomechanical behaviour including phase transformation, amorphization and dislocations generation, particularly in the context of molecular dynamics and materials research. So far, comprehensive modelling of the whole cycle of events in silicon during nanoscale deformation has not been possible, however, due to the limitations inherent in the existing interatomic potentials. This paper examines how well an unconventional combination of two well-known potentials - the Tersoff and Stillinger-Weber - can perform in simulating that complexity. Our model indicates that an irreversible deformation of silicon (Si-I) is set in motion by a transformation to a non-diamond structure (Si-nd), and followed by a subsequent transition to the Si-II and Si-XII phases (Si-1→Si-nd→Si-II→Si-XII). This leads to the generation of dislocations spreading outwards from the incubation zone. In effect, our simulations parallel the structural changes detected experimentally in the deformed material. This includes both the experimentally observed sequence of phase transitions and dislocation activity, which - taken together - neither the Tersoff nor Stillinger-Weber, or indeed any other available Si interatomic potential, is able to achieve in its own right. Notably, the Si-XII phase was not discerned by any of the previous computational models, which points towards the effectiveness of our integrated approach to forecasting novel phenomena discovered by advanced structure examinations. Last not least, our method satisfies the demand for a quick means to construct potentials by opening up the huge library of existing models to new applications in various branches of materials science.Peer reviewe
New and old species of Glyphipterigidae and a new species of Acrolepiidae from Japan and the Far East (Lepidoptera)
No full textThe often so gaudy coloured Palaearctic representatives of the family Glyphipterigidae are receiving renewed attention after a neglect of many years. In the USSR several genera of the Choreutinae have been revised (the late A. S. Danilevsky, 1964; A. S. Danilevsky & V. I. Kuznetsov, 1973) and a survey of the family in Japan has been initiated by revisions and descriptions of species of Glyphipterix Hübner, Brenthia Clemens, Tebenna Billberg, Choreutis Hübner, etc. (S. Moriuti & T. Saito, 1964; Y. Arita, 1971, 1971a, 1975, 1976). The first author of the present paper is preparing a revision of the Palaearctic Glyphipterigidae, while J. B. Heppner (University of Florida), is working on the Nearctic fauna of these insects.
Descriptions of four new species of Hilarographa Zeller and of seven new species of Glyphipterix Hübner from Japan and the Far East, and of a new Digitivalva species from Japan are presented below. The greater part of the material at hand has been collected by the second author, who is the specialist of the group in Japan. The first author studied the important Issiki Collection in the Washington Museum, made the descriptions and is responsible for the figures which were made by the artist and amateur entomologist, Mr, A. C. M. van Dijk of The Hague, Netherlands, and a few by himself.
The types will be deposited in the collections of the following institutions, as indicated in the text: Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences, Leningrad, USSR (ZIAS); National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., USA (NMNH); Zoological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan (ZLMU); Zoological Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan (ZLHU); and Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, the Netherlands (RMNH)
Isolation and spectroscopic characterization of Sm-containing metallofullerenes
No full textWe report the first isolation of a series of Sm-containing metallofullerenes, Sm@C-74, Sm@C-76(I,II), Sm@C-78, Sm@C-80, Sm@C-82(I,II,III) and Sm@C-84(I,II,III), and their characterization by UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectra of Sm@C-74, Sm@C-80, Sm@C-82(I, II, III) and Sm@C-84(I,II) are quite similar to those of the corresponding Ca-, Sr-, Ba-, Eu-, Tm-, Yb-based metallofullerenes. In contrast, the absorption spectra of Sm@C-76(I, II), Sm@C-78 and Sm@C-84(III) show a novel feature: the onset for Sm@C-78 is observed similar to 2600 nm, which corresponds to a small band gap (similar to 0.5 eV). Furthermore, the oxidation state of Sm atom in Sm@C-82(II) is investigated by EELS, which reveals that the Sm atom takes +2 oxidation state in this fullerene cage. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000086632900010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Chemistry, PhysicalPhysics, Atomic, Molecular & ChemicalSCI(E)74ARTICLE5-6435-44032
Structure modification of single-wall carbon nanotubes
No full textVarious purification processes were applied to single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesized by metal catalyzed laser ablation. Structure modifications introduced by these processes were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. An apparent structure modification after purification was the increase of bundle size although breaking of nanotubes and a change of nanotube diameter distribution were also observed. More vigorous attacking of single-wall carbon nanotube structure was identified by a strong mixed-acid treatment. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.Chemistry, PhysicalMaterials Science, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)EI50ARTICLE152055-20593
Intrafullerene electron transfers in Sm-containing metallofullerenes: Sm@C-2n (74 <= 2n <= 84)
No full textThe electronic properties of Sm-containing metallofullerenes, Sm@C-74, Sm@C-76 (I, II), Sm@C-78, Sm@C-80, Sm@C-82 (I, II, III) and Sm@C-84 (I, II, III), are characterized by UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). the UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra of Sm@C-74, Sm@C-80, Sm@C-82 (I, II, III) and Sm@C-84 (I, II) are quite similar to those of the corresponding Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu, Tm, Yb-based metallofullerenes. In contrast, the absorption spectra of Sm@C-76 (I, II), Sm@C-78 and Sm@C-84(III) show a novel feature: the onset for Sm@C-78 is observed similar to 2600 nm, which corresponds to a small band gap (similar to0.5 eV). Furthermore, the oxidation states of Sm atom in the various fullerene cages are investigated by EELS, which reveals that the Sm atom takes +2 oxidation state in the fullerene cages. A probable rationale for the tendency to have the Sm2+ state is presented based on a simple thermochemical cycle model. (C) 2001 by Elsevier Science Inc.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000168906500014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Biochemical Research MethodsBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyComputer Science, Interdisciplinary ApplicationsCrystallographyMathematical & Computational BiologySCI(E)EI30ARTICLE2244-2511
Direct EELS observation of the oxidation states of Sm atoms in Sm@C-2n metallofullerenes (74 <= 2n <= 84)
No full textThe oxidation states of Sm atoms in various fullerene cages are directly investigated by electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The observed peak positions of the M-45 edges of the Sm atom in Sm@C-2n, [2n = 74, 78, 80, 82 (isomers I, III), 84, (isomers I, II, III)] are apparently shifted to the lower binding energy region in comparison with those of a trivalent Sm3+ in Sm2O3. The results indicate that the Sm atoms take 12 valence states irrespective of the fullerene cages. This observation is discussed based on a simple thermochemical cycle model. We also report that the Sm metallofullerenes have been converted to Sm carbide materials under a prolonged electron beam irradiation. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(00)Q1 645-7].http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000165584600026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, Atomic, Molecular & ChemicalSCI(E)EI38ARTICLE219593-959711
