93 research outputs found
Increasing erucic acid content through combination of endogenous low polyunsaturated fatty acids alleles with Ld-LPAAT + Bn-fae1 transgenes in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
No full textHigh erucic acid rapeseed (HEAR) oil is of interest for industrial purposes because erucic acid (22:1) and its derivatives are important renewable raw materials for the oleochemical industry. Currently available cultivars contain only about 50% erucic acid in the seed oil. A substantial increase in erucic acid content would significantly reduce processing costs and could increase market prospects of HEAR oil. It has been proposed that erucic acid content in rapeseed is limited because of insufficient fatty acid elongation, lack of insertion of erucic acid into the central sn-2 position of the triaclyglycerol backbone and due to competitive desaturation of the precursor oleic acid (18:1) to linoleic acid (18:2). The objective of the present study was to increase erucic content of HEAR winter rapeseed through over expression of the rapeseed fatty acid elongase gene (fae1) in combination with expression of the lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase gene from Limnanthes douglasii (Ld-LPAAT), which enables insertion of erucic acid into the sn-2 glycerol position. Furthermore, mutant alleles for low contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (18:2 + 18:3) were combined with the transgenic material. Selected transgenic lines showed up to 63% erucic acid in the seed oil in comparison to a mean of 54% erucic acid of segregating non-transgenic HEAR plants. Amongst 220 F(2) plants derived from the cross between a transgenic HEAR line and a non-transgenic HEAR line with a low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, recombinant F(2) plants were identified with an erucic acid content of up to 72% and a polyunsaturated fatty acid content as low as 6%. Regression analysis revealed that a reduction of 10% in polyunsaturated fatty acids content led to a 6.5% increase in erucic acid content. Results from selected F(2) plants were confirmed in the next generation by analysing F(4) seeds harvested from five F(3) plants per selected F(2) plant. F(3) lines contained up to 72% erucic acid and as little as 4% polyunsaturated fatty acids content in the seed oil. The 72% erucic acid content of rapeseed oil achieved in the present study represents a major breakthrough in breeding high erucic acid rapeseed.German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), Bonn, German
Implications of floodplain dynamics for reservoir operation
No full textDrought and flood events cause billions of dollars of economic damages in the United States and other countries every year. To alleviate both types of disaster, reservoirs regulate inflow, decreasing downstream variability. However, one blind spot in current reservoir operation, specifically considering flood and drought management, is the impacts of current operation on the demands which operation is subject to in the future. Reservoirs are operated considering event and seasonal scales but influences processes, such as socioeconomic development, that occur over much longer time scales and in turn feedback to influence reservoir decisions. Recent and ongoing progress in understanding coupled social-hydrological systems provides a path to begin pro-actively managing reservoirs considering socio-economic dynamics. We develop a proof-of-concept model for feedbacks between reservoir operation and floodplain development, a specific case of socio-economic feedbacks, and discuss its potential implications for reservoir management.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Kevin Wallington, accepted the attached license on 2018-12-12 at 13:40.The student, Kevin Wallington, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-12-12 at 13:46.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-12-12 at 16:42.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13304 on 2019-02-08 at 11:42:04Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-08T18:44:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Targeting sphingolipid metabolism as an approach for combination therapies in haematological malignancies
No full textLink to a related website: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-020-00380-1, Author CorrectionConventional chemotherapy-based drug combinations have, until recently, been the backbone of most therapeutic strategies for cancer. In a time of emerging rationale drug development, targeted therapies are beginning to be added to traditional chemotherapeutics to synergistically enhance clinical responses. Of note, the importance of pro-apoptotic ceramide in mediating the anti-cancer effects of these therapies is becoming more apparent. Furthermore, reduced cellular ceramide in favour of pro-survival sphingolipids correlates with tumorigenesis and most importantly, drug resistance. Thus, agents that manipulate sphingolipid metabolism have been explored as potential anti-cancer agents and have recently demonstrated exciting potential to augment the efficacy of anti-cancer therapeutics. This review examines the biology underpinning these observations and the potential use of sphingolipid manipulating agents in the context of existing and emerging therapies for haematological malignancies.Alexander C. Lewis, Craig T. Wallington-Beddoe, Jason A. Powell and Stuart M. Pitso
'Disrobing Suky': One Mistress but Two Masters? The examination of a portrait of Susanna Trevelyan
No full textThe article discusses an 18th-century family portrait of Susanna Trevelyan, known as Suky, located at Wallington Hall in England. The portrait has often been attributed to painter Thomas Gainsborough, with over-painting by Sir Joshua Reynolds completed in the 1770s. The portrait underwent conservation at the University of Northumberland, where infrared reflectography (IR) and X-radiography (X-ray) showed changes made to the painting. The author analyzes the portrait's connections to Reynolds
An evolutionary approach to optimising synthetic apomixis in cereal crops
No full textSeed-mediated apomixis evolved as an alternative to the reproductive pathway whereby unreduced cells within the ovule acquire a reproductive fate. A recent breakthrough study showed that male-derived expression of the transcription factor BBM1 in rice, which triggers the embryonic programme upon fertilisation, can be used to deliver parthenogenesis when ectopically expressed in the oocyte. Feasibility of apomixis in rice was shown by combining the BBM1 expression in the egg with a mitosis/meiosis substitution construction known as MiMe.Fil: Šurbanovski, Nada. National Institute Of Agricultural Botany.; Reino UnidoFil: Selva, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Wallington, Emma. National Institute Of Agricultural Botany.; Reino UnidoFil: Carballo, José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; ArgentinaFil: Milner, Matthew. National Institute Of Agricultural Botany.; Reino UnidoFil: Percival Alwyn, Lawrence. National Institute Of Agricultural Botany.; Reino UnidoFil: Zappacosta, Diego Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Bellido, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; ArgentinaFil: Echenique, Carmen Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Cáccamo, Mario José. National Institute Of Agricultural Botany.; Reino Unido26th nternational Conference on Sexual Plant ReproductionPragaRepública ChecaInstitute of Experimental Botan
Effective field theories for correlated electrons
No full textIn this thesis, techniques of functional integration are applied to the construction of effective field theories for models of strongly correlated electrons. This is accomplished by means of the Hubbard-Stratonovic transformation which maps a system of interacting fermions onto one of free fermions interacting, not with each other, but with bosonic fields representing the collective modes of the system. Different choices of transformation are investigated throughout the thesis. It is shown that there exists a new group of discrete symmetries and transformations of the Hubbard model. Using this new group, the problem of choosing a Hubbard-Stratonovic decomposition of the Hubbard interaction term is solved. In the context of the exotic doped barium bismuthates, an extended Hubbard model with on-site attraction and nearest neighbour repulsion is studied. Mean field and renormalisation group analyses show a 'pseudospin-flop' from charge density wave to superconductivity as a function of filling. The nearest neighbour attractive Hubbard model on a quasi-2D lattice is studied as a simple phenomenological model for the high-T_c cuprates. Mean field theory shows a transition from pure d-wave to pure s-wave superconductivity, via a mixed symmetry s + id state. Using Gaussian fluctuations, the BCS-Bose crossover is examined and suggestions are made about the origin of the angle dependence of the pseudogap. The continuum delta-shell potential model is introduced for anisotropic superconductors. Its mean field phases are studied and found to have some unusual properties. The BCS-Bose crossover is examined and the results are compared with those of the lattice model. Quasi-2D (highly anisotropic 3D) systems are considered. The critical properties of a Bose gas are investigated as the degree of anisotropy is varied. A new 2D Bose condensate state is found. A renormalisation group analysis is used to investigate the crossover from 2D to 3D. (author)Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN028028 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo
Correspondence; author(s) include A.R. Harman, Edward W. Wallington; recipient(s) include Alfred Deakin
No full textDistinct Modes of Regulation in Two of the Three Chaperonin Operons of Rhizobium leguminosarum
No full textOBSERVATION OF THE ELECTRONIC TRANSITION OF THE RADICAL
No full textO. J. Neilsen, E. Gamborg, J. Sehested, T. J. Wallington and M. D. Hurley, J. Phys. Chem. 98, 9518(1994) T. J. Wallington, P. Dagaut and M. J. Kurylo, Chem. Rev. 92, 667(1992) E. H. Fink and D. A. Ramsay, J. Mol. Spec. 185, 304(1997) M. B. Pushkarsky, S. J. Zalyubovsky and T. A. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 10695(2000) S. Sander, H. Pernice and H. Willner, Chem. Eur. J. 6, 3645(2000) N. Vanderkooi and W. B. Fox, J. Chem. Phys. 47, 3634(1967)Author Institution: The Ohio State University; Laser Spectroscopy Facility, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State UniversityFluorinated peroxy radicals form a class of important intermediates in oxidation and atmospheric of chlorofluorohydrocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Therefore recently much effort has been devoted to the study of the peroxy kinetics. Detection of peroxy radicals has been largely accomplished via monitoring their broad and structureless absorption . A near IR transition has been observed for the and for the simplest alkyl peroxy . However for the fluorinated analogues there appear to have been no such observations. Their known spectroscopy seems limited to the above mentioned broad UV transition, vibrational in the state using matrix isolation techniques and to EPR of the radicals in solution. We report the first observation of a sharp, structured electronic spectrum for a fluorinated alkyl peroxy radical using the technique of cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS). A value of for the transition of has been determined, as well as values for some state vibrational frequencies. Initial kinetic observations on have been carried out using CRDS to monitor its concentration
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