348 research outputs found
Details of Experience on Health and Culture: Review of Community Health Narratives: A Reader by Emily Mendenhall & Kathy Wollner (eds)
No full textA review of Community Health Narratives: A Reader by Emily Mendenhall & Kathy Wollner (eds) (University of New Mexico Press, 2015
Perceptions and experiences of prostate cancer patients in a public tertiary hospital in urban South Africa
No full textProstate cancer is among the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide and is reported to have the highest incidence, mortality, and 5-year prevalence rate of all cancers among men living in Africa. Despite this widespread burden in the African continent, little is known about the perspectives and experience of prostate cancer among African men. To further understand experiences among patients living in urban South Africa, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews to examine the perceptions and experiences of 28 Black African prostate cancer patients receiving treatment at a major tertiary hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. Our data explored four major areas of patients’ experiences with prostate cancer: detection, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care. Our results showed that the experience of living with prostate cancer among low-income, Black South African men is a stressful and emotionally painful experience due in part to men feeling that they had insufficient knowledge about their own condition and feeling disempowered or ill-equipped to manage their cancer. These feelings were strongly associated with distrust or dissatisfaction with physicians and the health care system. Resilience factors include social support from family, friends, and religious communities, acceptance of their diagnosis, religion, and positive appraisals of their medical care
Patient-centred care for patients with diabetes and hiv at a public tertiary hospital in South Africa: an ethnographic study
No full textBackground: Healthcare systems across the globe are adopting patient-centred care (PCC) approach to empower patients in taking charge of their illnesses and improve the quality of care. Although models of patient‐centredness vary, respecting the needs and preferences of individuals receiving care is important. South Africa has implemented an integrated chronic disease management (ICDM) which has PCC component. The ICDM aims to empower chronic care patients to play an active role in disease management process, whilst simultaneously intervening at a community/ population and health service level. However, chronic care is still fragmented due to systemic challenges that have hindered the practice of PCC. In this article, we explore provider perspectives on PCC for patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes and HIV at a public tertiary hospital in urban South Africa. Methods: This study utilizes ethnographic methods, encompassing clinical observations, and qualitative interviews with healthcare providers (n = 30). Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and data were analyzed inductively using a grounded theory approach. Results: Providers reported various ways in which they conceptualized and practiced PCC. However, structural challenges such as staff shortages, lack of guidelines for comorbid care, and fragmented care, and patient barriers such as poverty, language, and missed appointments, impeded the possibility of practicing PCC. Conclusion: Health systems could be strengthened by: (i) ensuring appropriate multidisciplinary guidelines for managing comorbidities exist, are known, and available, (ii) strengthening primary healthcare (PHC) clinics by ensuring access to necessary resources that will facilitate successful integration and management of comorbid diabetes and HIV, (iii) training medical practitioners on PCC and structural competence, so as to better understand patients in their socio-cultural contexts, and (iv) understanding patient challenges to effective care to improve attendance and adherence.</p
Pathways to care for patients with type 2 diabetes and HIV/AIDS comorbidities in Soweto, South Africa: an ethnographic study: an ethnographic study
No full textBackground: South Africa is experiencing colliding epidemics of HIV/AIDS and noncommunicable diseases. In response, the National Department of Health has implemented integrated chronic disease management aimed at strengthening primary health care (PHC) facilities to manage chronic illnesses. However, chronic care is still fragmented. This study explored how the health system functions to care for patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and HIV/AIDS at a tertiary hospital in Soweto, South Africa. Methods: we employed ethnographic methods encompassing clinical observations and qualitative interviews with health care providers at the hospital (n=30). Data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed using QSR NVivo 12 software. Findings: health systemic challenges such as the lack of medication, untrained nurses, and a limited number of doctors at PHC clinics necessitated patient referrals to a tertiary hospital. At the hospital, patients with T2DM were managed first at the medical outpatient clinic before they were referred to a specialty clinic. Those with comorbidities attended different clinics at the hospital partly due to the structure of the tertiary hospital that offers specialized care. In addition, little to no collaboration occurred among health care providers due to poor communication, noncentralized patient information, and staff shortage. As a result, patients experienced disjointed care. Conclusion: PHC clinics in Soweto need to be strengthened by training nurses to diagnose and manage patients with T2DM and also by ensuring adequate medical supplies. We recommend that the medical outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital should also be strengthened to offer integrated and collaborative care to patients with T2DM and other comorbidities. Addressing key systemic challenges such as staff shortages and noncentralized patient information will create a patient-centered as opposed to disease-specific approach to care.</p
sj-pdf-1-han-10.1177_15589447211043213 – Supplemental material for Alternative Tendon Coaptations to the Pulvertaft Weave Technique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Biomechanical Studies
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-han-10.1177_15589447211043213 for Alternative Tendon Coaptations to the Pulvertaft Weave Technique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Biomechanical Studies by Emily M. Graham, Jeremie D. Oliver, Russell Hendrycks, Dino Maglic and Shaun D. Mendenhall in HAND</p
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Undergraduate Research Journal, Volume 12
No full textTable of Contents: A New Mythology for the Space Age: William S. Burroughs and the Rejection of Linear Thought / by Travis Alexander (p. 1) -- A Generalized Method of Lie Symmetries for Dynamic Equations on Time Scales, and Applications / by Gabriel Earle (p. 13) -- When Lies Matter: The Effect of Media Coverage of Misinformation on Public Opinion in the Health Care Reform Debate / by Jordan Humphreys (p. 31) -- Coral Competition in the Great Barrier Reef: The Competitive Nature of Coral Families, Morphologies and Sizes in Reef Flat Areas around Lizard Island, Australia / by Brittany Jensen and Kathryn Mendenhall (p. 55) -- Motivation and Design Considerations of a Compliant Mobile Base for Human-Centered Robots / by Alan Kwok (p. 69) -- Biological and Hydrological Characteristics of Coastal Cenote Habitats Surrounding Akumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico / by Emily Lantz (p. 81) -- Characterization of Nuclear Morphology and Hypocotyl Cell Length in sar1, nup98, and sar1/nup98 Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana / by Jenny Lau, I-Chia Liao, and Ammar Ismail (p. 99) -- The Effects of Sibship Size on Intergenerational Occupational Mobility / by Ruoqing Wang (p. 111)Senate of College Council
Non-communicable disease syndemics: poverty, depression, and diabetes among low-income populations
No full textThe co-occurrence of health burdens in transitioning populations, particularly in specific socioeconomic and cultural contexts, calls for conceptual frameworks to improve understanding of risk factors, so as to better design and implement prevention and intervention programmes to address comorbidities. The concept of a syndemic, developed by medical anthropologists, provides such a framework for preventing and treating comorbidities. The term syndemic refers to synergistic health problems that affect the health of a population within the context of persistent social and economic inequalities. Until now, syndemic theory has been applied to comorbid health problems in poor immigrant communities in high-income countries with limited translation, and in low-income or middle-income countries. In this Series paper, we examine the application of syndemic theory to comorbidities and multimorbidities in low-income and middle-income countries. We employ diabetes as an exemplar and discuss its comorbidity with HIV in Kenya, tuberculosis in India, and depression in South Africa. Using a model of syndemics that addresses transactional pathophysiology, socioeconomic conditions, health system structures, and cultural context, we illustrate the different syndemics across these countries and the potential benefit of syndemic care to patients. We conclude with recommendations for research and systems of care to address syndemics in low-income and middle-income country settings
Perceptions, risk and understandings of the COVID-19 pandemic in urban South Africa
No full textBackground: how people perceive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and understand their risk can influence their health, behaviours and overall livelihood. The disease’s novelty and severity have elicited a range of attitudes and perspectives countrywide, which consequently influence the public’s adherence to public health prevention and treatment guidelines.Aim: to investigate perceptions, experiences and knowledge on COVID-19 in a community-based cohort study.Setting: adults living in Soweto in South Africa’s Gauteng province during the first six weeks of the national lockdown regulations (i.e. Alert Level 5 lockdown from end of March to beginning of May 2020).Methods: participants completed a series of surveys and answered open-ended questions through telephonic interviews (n = 391). We queried their perceptions of the origins of COVID-19, understandings of the disease, personal and communal risks and its relations with the existing disease burden.Results: findings from our sample of 391 adults show that perceptions and knowledge of COVID-19 vary across several demographic characteristics. We report moderate levels of understanding about COVID-19, prevention methods and risk, as well as exposure to major physical, psychosocial and financial stressors. Depressive symptoms, perceived infection risk and concern about COVID-19 significantly predicted COVID-19 prevention knowledge.Conclusion: public health communication campaigns should focus on continuing to improve knowledge and reduce misinformation associated with the virus. Policymakers should consider the mental health- and non-health-related impact of the pandemic on their citizens in order to curb the pandemic in a manner that maximises well-being
sj-docx-1-han-10.1177_15589447211068185 – Supplemental material for Hand Surgeons’ Understanding of Partial Hand Prostheses: Results of a National Survey Study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-han-10.1177_15589447211068185 for Hand Surgeons’ Understanding of Partial Hand Prostheses: Results of a National Survey Study by Emily M. Graham, Christopher M. Baschuk, Diane J. Atkins, Lana Hutchinson, Christopher C. Duncan and Shaun D. Mendenhall in HAND</p
Anthropologists Respond to The Lancet EAT Commission
No full textThe Lancet Commissions are widely known as aspirational pieces, providing the mechanisms for consortia and networks of researchers to organize, collate, interrogate and publish around a range of subjects. Although the Commissions are predominantly led by biomedical scientists and cognate public health professionals, many address social science questions and involve social science expertise. Medical anthropologist David Napier was lead author of the Lancet Commission on Culture and Health (2014), for example, and all commissions on global health (https://www.thelancet.com/global-health/commissions) address questions of social structure, everyday life, the social determinants of health, and global inequalities.The Nutrire CoLab: Diana Burnett; Megan A. Carney; Lauren Carruth; Sarah Chard; Maggie Dickinson: Diana Burnett, Megan A. Carney, Lauren Carruth, Sarah Chard, Maggie Dickinson, Alyshia Gálvez, Hanna Garth, Jessica Hardin, Adele Hite, Heather Howard, Lenore Manderson, Emily Mendenhall, Abril Saldaña-Tejeda, Dana Simmons, Natali Valdez, Emily Vasquez, Megan Warin, Emily Yates-Doer
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