1,721,141 research outputs found
Common hereditary cancers and implications for primary care
No full textThe identification of genes that place individuals at high risk of breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer has greatly advanced our understanding of cancer predisposition over the past decade. This knowledge has received much attention from the media, and referrals to geneticists and surgeons, and requests for genetic testing, have risen. We review the published evidence for the management of people at increased risk of hereditary cancers, to draw attention to areas of uncertainty and to discuss implications for primary care. We focus on common inherited cancers, since they will have the greatest effect on clinical practice over the next decade. Cancer genetics offers a model of how information on the genetics of other common diseases could affect primary care in the future. Strategies to support the integration of genetic medicine in primary care are needed to enable primary-care practitioners to identify individuals at raised genetic risk and to reassure patients for whom genetic testing and increased surveillance offer little benefit
Hereditary cancer – the evidence for current recommended management
No full textThe last decade has witnessed dramatic advances in our understanding of the molecular changes that underlie both the development of sporadic cancers and the inheritance of familial cancers. Several genes that predispose an individual to specific types of cancer have been isolated, providing the opportunity to identify people at high risk of developing cancer. This new knowledge has received considerable attention from the media, and referrals to geneticists, surgeons and oncologists, as well as requests for genetic testing, have risen markedly. However, many uncertainties exist about the clinical value of identifying carriers of mutations in cancer predisposing genes. Here we review the existing evidence concerning the management of people at increased risk of hereditary cancers, and discuss the implications for primary care. We focus on the more common inherited cancer syndromes, since they will have the greatest potential impact on clinical practice over the next decade. Furthermore, they offer a model of how information on the genetics of other cancers and common diseases may affect primary care in the future
FIGURE 8 in Two snakes from eastern Australia (Serpentes: Elapidae); a revised concept of Antaioserpens warro (De Vis) and a redescription of A. albiceps (Boulenger)
No full textFIGURE 8. Holotype of Denisonia rostralis De Vis 1911, QM J193, Stannary Hills Qld (image: Peter Waddington, Qld Museum).Published as part of Peck, Patrick J. Couper Stephen R., Emery, Jon-Paul & Keogh, J. Scott, 2016, Two snakes from eastern Australia (Serpentes: Elapidae); a revised concept of Antaioserpens warro (De Vis) and a redescription of A. albiceps (Boulenger), pp. 396-408 in Zootaxa 4097 (3) on page 405, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/26201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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