727 research outputs found
Competition and band-pass filtering in biology: modelling and experimental validation in membrane trafficking and post-transcriptional gene regulation
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
microRNA-Mediated Encoding and Decoding of Time-Dependent Signals in Tumorigenesis
No full textmicroRNAs, pivotal post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, in the past decades have caught the attention of researchers for their involvement in different biological processes, ranging from cell development to cancer. Although lots of effort has been devoted to elucidate the topological features and the equilibrium properties of microRNA-mediated motifs, little is known about how the information encoded in frequency, amplitude, duration, and other features of their regulatory signals can affect the resulting gene expression patterns. Here, we review the current knowledge about microRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks characterized by time-dependent input signals, such as pulses, transient inputs, and oscillations. First, we identify the general characteristic of the main motifs underlying temporal patterns. Then, we analyze their impact on two commonly studied oncogenic networks, showing how their dysfunction can lead to tumorigenesis
Out-of-Equilibrium ceRNA Crosstalk
No full textAmong non-coding RNAs, microRNAs are pivotal post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in higher eukaryotes. Through a titration-based mechanism of interaction with their target RNAs, microRNAs can mediate a weak but pervasive form of RNA cross-regulation, as different endogenous RNAs can be effectively coupled by competing for microRNA binding (a phenomenon now known as “crosstalk”). Mathematical modeling has been proven of great help in unraveling many features of these competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions. However, although many studies have been devoted to the steady-state properties of this indirect regulatory layer, little is known about how the information encoded in frequency, amplitude, duration, and other features of regulatory signals can affect the resulting ceRNA crosstalk picture and hence the overall patterns of gene expression. Here, we focus on such dynamical aspects, with a special emphasis on the encoding and decoding of time-dependent signals
Il milanese Francesco Ellio traduttore del 'Persiles' di Cervantes (1626)
No full textThe essay presents a research around the figure of the Milanese poet Francesco Ellio,
who lived in Milan in the early seventeenth century and is so far known for being the
author of idylls. In this paper Ellio, whose dense network of contacts and relationships in the
Lombard city is gathered, is studied because he is the author of the first Italian translation of
Cervantes’ Perciles, the last masterpiece of the Hispanic genius, published in 1617. The translation
was edited in Venice for the printer Fontana in 1626, placing itself among the last traces
of Ellio’s life, and will remain the only one in Italian until the nineteenth century
Sonoma twaini Ferro 2016, new species
No full text13. Sonoma twaini new species Fig. 13, 17; Map 39. Description. Holotype, male. Measurements: head 0.25 long, 0.31 wide; pronotum 0.30 long, 0.34 wide; elytra 0.59 long, 0.28 wide; antennomeres 1–11 total 0.57; total length 1.92. Body brown, maxillary palpi and legs paler. Body with moderate length setae (approximately 1/2 or less width of eye). Head. Eyes prominent, maximum length in dorsal view 0.47x length of first antennal segment, with approximately 30 facets. Antennomere 2 approximately 0.90x width of 1; 3 smallest. Thorax. Elytra with indistinct sutural foveae; 2 foveae lateral to sutural fovea; central row of 3 foveae in basal 1/3. Winged. Metatibia unmodified. Abdomen. Tergite IV with transverse patch of microtrichia narrowly interrupted at midline. Basal lateral foveae on ventrites V–VII. Basal pubescence present on all visible ventrites. Aedeagus. Elongate. Left paramere: equal in length to endophallus; subequal in width from base to apex; with 4–5 stout apical setae and 3 ventral subapical setae. Endophallus: widest at basal 1/5; with two ventral processes arising 2/3 from base projecting perpendicular to aedeagus; apex bent 90° to the left. Right paramere: 2/3 length left paramere; subequal in width from base to apex; with 4–5 stout apical setae and 3 ventral subapical setae. Type Material. Holotype, male: * T. R. Haig Whiskeytown Shasta Co. Cal. III.9.1973 (1♂). Deposited in CSCA. Paratypes (n=4). UNITED STATES: CALIFORNIA: Shasta Co.: * T. R.Haig Whiskeytown Shasta Co.Cal. III.9.1973 (CSCA) (2♂). * T. R.Haig Whiskeytown Shasta Co.Cal. I.31.1973 (CSCA) (1♂). Trinity Co.: * CALIF:Trinity Co. Junction City III-12-1981 T. R.Haig coll. (FMNH) (1♂). Geographical Distribution. Sonoma twaini is only known from two locations, one each in Shasta and Trinity counties, California. Comments. Sonoma twaini was collected in January and March, collection method is unknown. Aedeagal characters of S. twaini are superficially similar to S. wintuorum, S. stewarti, and S. colberti all of which share a similar gestalt comprised of narrow, elongate parameres and an elongate endophallus with elaborate apical hooks or processes. The flowing combination of characters will separate S. twaini from the others: endophallus with two ventral processes arising 2/3 from base projecting perpendicular to aedeagus [absent in S. wintuorum, S. stewarti, and S. colberti]; without elongate thin posteriorly directed process arising 2/3 from base of endophallus [present in S. wintuorum and S. stewarti]; endophallus with single apical process [two in S. wintuorum, three in S. colberti]. Etymology. Sonoma twaini is named for the character Mark Twain, developed by Samuel Langhorne Clemens, an author, lecturer, philosopher, humanitarian, champion of science, and humorist. Clemens lived in California for awhile, but traveled nowhere near where this species occurs—the author forgives the oversight.Published as part of Ferro, Michael L., 2016, Fourteen new species of Sonoma Casey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) with a key to species from western North America, pp. 1-57 in Insecta Mundi 2016 (472) on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.517050
Rab11-mediated trafficking and human cancers: An updated review
No full textMany disorders block and subvert basic cellular processes in order to boost their pro-gression. One protein family that is prone to be altered in human cancers is the small GTPase RAB11 family, the master regulator of vesicular trafficking. RAB11 isoforms function as membrane organizers connecting the transport of cargoes towards the plasma membrane with the assembly of autophagic precursors and the generation of cellular protrusions. These processes dramatically impact normal cell physiology and their alteration significantly affects the survival, progression and metastatization as well as the accumulation of toxic materials of cancer cells. In this review, we dis-cuss biological mechanisms ensuring cargo recognition and sorting through a RAB11-dependent pathway, a prerequisite to understand the effect of RAB11 alterations in human cancers
Sonoma maryae Ferro 2016, new species
No full text9. <i>Sonoma maryae</i> new species <p>Fig. 9, 37; Map 23.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Holotype, male. Measurements: head 0.28 long, 0.39 wide; pronotum 0.37 long, 0.43 wide; elytra 0.72 long, 0.39 wide; antennomeres 1–11 total 0.87; total length 1.96. Body brown; antennae, maxillary palpi, and legs paler. Body with short setae (1/4 or less width of eye).</p> <p> <i>Head</i>. Eyes large, maximum length in dorsal view 1.66x length of first antennal segment, with approximately 70 facets. Antennomere 2 approximately 0.78x width of 1; 3 smallest.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i>. Pronotum with lateral discal foveae. Elytra with indistinct sutural foveae; 1 fovea lateral to sutural fovea; central row of 3 foveae in basal 1/3. Winged. Metatibia unmodified.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen</i>. Tergite IV with transverse patch of microtrichia narrowly interrupted at midline. Basal lateral foveae on ventrites obscured, weak if present. Basal pubescence present on all visible ventrites.</p> <p> <i>Aedeagus</i>. Left paramere: elongate oval; ventral shelf running along 9/10 mesal margin; subapical digitate process with 5 projections directed mesad; apical tuft of 7–10 setae subequal in length to paramere; 5 additional setae along inner margin in apical 1/3, directed mesad. Endophallus: more or less same width throughout; curved; base projecting behind right paramere, abruptly curving to the left until achieving midline of aedeagus, straightening and projecting posteriorly until apical 1/5 curves right. Right paramere: oval with ventral shelf running from apex to inner margin near base; single subapical digitate ventral process with multiple convoluted projections; apical tuft of 12–15 setae subequal in length to paramere.</p> <p> <b>Type Material.</b> Holotype, male: * Oregon:Bent. [Benton] Co., Mary’s Peak,1800’ II-1-1976 / LRussell sift cedar litter (1♂). Deposited in FMNH.</p> <p> <b>Geographical Distribution.</b> <i>Sonoma maryae</i> is known from a single specimen collected from Marys Peak, Benton Co., California.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> <i>Sonoma maryae</i> was collected in February by sifting cedar litter.</p> <p> Aedeagal characters of <i>Sonoma maryae</i> are similar to those of <i>S. cavifrons</i> and <i>S. parviceps.</i> The three can be separated based on the following characters, <i>S. cavifrons</i> in brackets [], <i>S. parviceps</i> in braces {}: left paramere with small basal lobe on inner margin that does not project across midline of phalobase [basal lobe larger, projecting slightly beyond midline of phalobase], {basal lobe pronounced, symmetrical with midline of phalobase}; left paramere with digitate process with 5 projections directed mesad [digitate process with three projections], {digitate process with two distinct projections}; endophallus with three distinct curves—at base, below the midline, and subapically [with major curve at base, otherwise projected posteriorly, slight curve at apex], {with major curve at base, apex with distinct “apical hook”, inner structures distinct}; right paramere with single subapical digitate ventral process with multiple convoluted projections [subapical digitate ventral projection with single tip], {ventral projection in two parts, distal part consisting of three short processes, basal part elongate projection shaped like a crooked finger}.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> <i>Sonoma maryae</i> is named for Mary Elizabeth (Mary E.) Ferro Chapa, the author’s sister and a longtime supporter of his research endeavors, who shares the name of the locality.</p>Published as part of <i>Ferro, Michael L., 2016, Fourteen new species of Sonoma Casey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) with a key to species from western North America, pp. 1-57 in Insecta Mundi 2016 (472)</i> on pages 13-14, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5170505">10.5281/zenodo.5170505</a>
Welcome to the hall of Argentinean monsters
No full textFil: Ferro, Gabriel Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Publicamos el prólogo del libro “200 años de monstruos y maravillas argentinas” escrito por el historiador Gabo Ferro. Agradecemos al autor y a la Editorial Beatriz Viterbo la autorización para dar a conocer a nuestros lectores la obra mencionada, que cuenta, además, con ilustraciones de Christian Montenegro y el diseño de Laura Varsky. (No sé, si se corresponde a un resúmen, pero en el dossier figura como uno).We are proud to publish the preface of the book “200 years of wonders and monsters in Argentina” written by the historian Gabo Ferro. We thank the author and the publisher Beatriz Viterbo for the authorization to reproduce the work. The preface also counts with illustrations by Christian Montenegro and the design of Laura Varsky
Sonoma colberti Ferro 2016, new species
No full text8. Sonoma colberti new species Fig. 8, 18; Map 11. Description. Holotype, male. Measurements: head 0.23 long, 0.27 wide; pronotum 0.27 long, 0.28 wide; elytra 0.51 long, 0.26 wide; antennomeres 1–11 total 0.62; total length 1.90. Body uniformly brown. Body setae covered in elongate (greater than half the length of the eye). Head. Eyes prominent, maximum length in dorsal view 0.83x length of first antennal segment, with approximately 40 facets. Antennomere 2 approximately equal width of 1; 3 smallest. Thorax. Elytra with 3 indistinct sutural foveae; 2 foveae lateral to sutural fovea; central row of 2–4 foveae in basal 1/3. Winged. Metatrochanter elongate; metatibia unmodified. Abdomen. Tergite IV with transverse patch of microtrichia narrowly interrupted at midline. Basal lateral foveae on ventrites IV–VI. Basal pubescence present on ventrites III–VI. Aedeagus. Elongate. Left paramere: subequal in length to endophallus; subequal in width in basal 4/5; apical 1/5 widened, paddle shaped with 7–10 stout setae directed mesad. Endophallus: widest at basal 1/3; stout subapical projection 3/5 from base on right lateral margin; left apical process with wide posteriorly directed triangular projection, tip bent anteriorly; median apical process thin, elongate, shaped like a shepherd’s hook; right apical process a stout pointed projection; Right paramere: 2/3 length left paramere; subequal in width in basal 3/4; apical 1/4 widened, paddle shapped, with 7–10 stout setae directed mesad. Type Material. Holotype, male: T. R. Haig Whiskeytown Shasta Co. Cal. III.9.1973 (1♂). Deposited in CSAC. Paratypes (n=5). UNITED STATES: CALIFORNIA: Shasta Co.: T. R.Haig Whiskeytown Shasta Co. Cal. III.9.1973 (CSCA 4♂, one aedeagus only, one SLIDE). * T. R.Haig Whiskeytown Shasta Co. Cal. 1-31-1973 (FMNH) (1♂). Geographical Distribution. Sonoma colberti is only known from one location in Shasta County, California. Comments. Sonoma colberti was collected during January and March. Aedeagal characters of S. colberti are superficially similar to S. wintuorum, S. twaini, and S. stewarti all of which share a similar gestalt comprised of narrow, elongate parameres and an elongate endophallus with elaborate apical hooks or processes. The folowing combination of characters will separate S. colberti from the others: endophallus with three projections [S. twaini and S. stewarti with one, S. wintuorum with two]; subapical lateral projection of endophallus directed posteriorly and short, approximately 1/10 length of endophallus [S. stewarti with projection 1/5 length of endophallus, S. wintuorum with projection greater than 1/3 length of endophallus, S. twaini with two projections perpendicular to endophallus]. Etymology. Sonoma colberti is named for Stephen Colbert (silent “t”) a character created by Stephen Tyrone Colbert (sounded “t”), an author, philosopher, humanitarian, champion of science, and humorist.Published as part of Ferro, Michael L., 2016, Fourteen new species of Sonoma Casey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) with a key to species from western North America, pp. 1-57 in Insecta Mundi 2016 (472) on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.517050
Sonoma agitator Ferro 2016, new species
No full text1. Sonoma agitator new species Fig. 1, 43; Map 2. Description. Holotype, male. Measurements: head 0.24 long, 0.30 wide; pronotum 0.29 long, 0.35 wide; elytra 0.60 long, 0.30 wide; antennomeres 1–11 total 0.73; total length 2.01. Body uniformly pale brown. Body covered in elongate setae (greater than half the length of the eye). Head. Eyes prominent, maximum length in dorsal view 1.06x length of first antennal segment, with approximately 50 facets. Antennomere 2 approximately 0.73x width of 1; 3 smallest. Thorax. Elytra with indistinct sutural foveae; 2–3 foveae lateral to sutural fovea; central row of 5–6 foveae in basal 1/3. Winged. Metatrochanter rounded; metatibia with process on inner margin approximately halfway from base. Abdomen. Tergite IV with transverse patch of microtrichia narrowly interrupted at midline. Basal lateral foveae on ventrites V–VI only, reduced. Basal pubescence present on ventrites IV–VII. Aedeagus. Asymmetical. Left paramere: apical process with three elongate setae; inner subapical process thin, hooked dorsally, with three basal setae. Endophallus: with large, blunt, lateral basal process on left; width at midpoint greater than 1/3 width of left paramere; blunt apical and subapical processes. Right paramere: globose; with three apical and three subapical setae; ventral digitate process approximately 1/4 width of paramere; with acute mesad subapical process and reflexed apical process. Type Material. Holotype, male: * CA: Monterey Co. 36.0812°N, 121.5947°W UC Big Creek Reserve Big / Brunette Ck. confl. iii.28-iv.2.2004, FIT M.Caterino / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0018666 (1♂). Deposited in SBMNH. Paratypes (n=6). UNITED STATES: CALIFORNIA: Monterey Co.: * CA: Monterey Co. 36.0812°N, 121.5947°W UC Big Creek Reserve Big/Brunette Ck. confl. iii.28-iv.2.2004, FIT M.Caterino / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0018659 (SBMNH) (1♂) SLIDE. *same data / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0018675 (SBMNH) (1♂). San Luis Obispo Co.: * CA: San Luis Obispo Co. 35.5392°N, 121.0813°W UC Rancho Marino Res. iii.10-25.2009, FIT M.S. Caterino / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0089346 (SBMNH) (1♂). *same data / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0089328 (SBMNH) (1♂). * CA: San Luis Obispo Co. 35.5392°N, 121.0813°W UC Rancho Marino Res. ii.26-iii.10.2009, FIT M.S. Caterino / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0088452 (SBMNH) (1♂). * CA: San Luis Obispo Co. 35.5392°N, 121.0813°W UC Rancho Marino Res. v.28-vi.24.2009, FIT M.S. Caterino / CA BEETLE PROJ CBP0094153 (SBMNH) (1♂). Geographical Distribution. Sonoma agitator is only known from two locations, one each in Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties, California. Comments. Specimens were collected during March through June using flight intercept traps. Aedeagal characters of Sonoma agitator are similar to those of S. rubida. The two can be separated based on the following characters, S. rubida in brackets []: endophallus with large lateral basal process on left [basal process wanting], width at midpoint greater than 1/3 width of left paramere [width less than 1/4 width of left paramere], apex blunt [apex narrowly pointed], with blunt subapical process [without subapical process]; right paramere ventral digitate process approximately 1/4 width of paramere [process approximately 1/6 width of paramere]. Etymology. The specific epithet celebrates the three separate times the author became deeply concerned that the species was S. rubida (on the grounds that the sketch in Marsh and Schuster 1962 was flawed), and the three separate times he discovered his own illustration of the aedeagus of S. rubida that not only vindicated Marsh and Schuster, but clearly showed S. agitator to be undescribed.Published as part of Ferro, Michael L., 2016, Fourteen new species of Sonoma Casey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) with a key to species from western North America, pp. 1-57 in Insecta Mundi 2016 (472) on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.517050
- …
