148 research outputs found
Applications of well logging techniques to evaluate the groundwater aquifers in the area between southwest Bani Sweif and west Asyoute governorate, upper Egypt
No full textApplications of well logging techniques to evaluate the groundwateraquifers in the area between southwest Bani Sweif and west Asyoute governorate, upper Egypt Safi Eldein.M. Metwally 1, Shimaa. M. Elska 1, *, Fardous. M. Zarif 1, Abdallah. F. Saad 21 Dept. of geophysical exploration, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt 2Dept of Physics., Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt *Corresponding author: [email protected] AbstractThe relevance of detecting aquifer characterization and aquifer potential has risen with the application of well logging technique as the demand for water has increased. Apart from pumping data, 16 geophysical well logs (resistivity, gamma ray, self-potential, and nuclear logs) are utilized to achieve the main goal of estimating petrophysical parameters (porosity (∅), effective porosity (∅!""), hydraulic conductivity (k), permeability (K) and shale volume
On Kakeya\u27s Geometric Proof of Eneström-Kakeya\u27s Theorem
No full textThis paper is devoted to demonstrate Kakeya\u27s geometric proof of his theorem (1912), independently established earlier by Eneström (1893). By calculating centers and radii of the interlacing circles of Kakeya\u27s method, we prove Kakeya\u27s geometric structure, which has not been previously established. We give an equivalent proof, which is based on the construction of internally interlacing circles, which has been geometrically considered by Tomic (1948).9 pages, 9 Figure
CRISPR-Cas-Based Engineering of Probiotics
No full textProbiotics are the treasure of the microbiology fields. They have been widely used in the food industry, clinical treatment, and other fields. The equivocal health-promoting effects and the unknown action mechanism were the largest obstacles for further probiotic’s developed applications. In recent years, various genome editing techniques have been developed and applied to explore the mechanisms and functional modifications of probiotics. As important genome editing tools, CRISPR-Cas systems that have opened new improvements in genome editing dedicated to probiotics. The high efficiency, flexibility, and specificity are the advantages of using CRISPR-Cas systems. Here, we summarize the classification and distribution of CRISPR-Cas systems in probiotics, as well as the editing tools developed on the basis of them. Then, we discuss the genome editing of probiotics based on CRISPR-Cas systems and the applications of the engineered probiotics through CRISPR-Cas systems. Finally, we proposed a design route for CRISPR systems that related to the genetically engineered probiotics
Određivanje aktivnosti enzima u mlijeku i krvi holstein krava sa supkliničkim mastitisom
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the milk and blood of lactating Holstein cows and investigate their association with subclinical mastitis (SCM). This study also aims to evaluate the impact of SCM and its severity based on California mastitis test (CMT) scores on the above mentioned enzymes, as well as to test the efficiency of their use as an early predictive diagnostic tool. Thirty multiparous, lactating dairy Holstein cows were examined using CMT and according to the obtained results classified into four groups; control group 1 (SCM-free = 10, score = 0), group 2 (weak positive = 8, score +1), group 3 (positive = 7, score +2) and group 4 (strong positive = 5, score +3). The milk LDH, ALP, and GGT activities were significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 compared to group 2 and the control group. LDH activity was significantly higher in group 2 compared to the control group. The mean blood LDH and ALP activities in SCM groups were significantly higher than in the control group. ALP blood activity was significantly higher in group 4 compared to group 2. The blood GGT activity was significantly higher in group 4 compared to other groups. There was a significant positive association between milk LDH, ALP, and GGT enzymes as well as the blood enzymes (ALP and GGT) in SCM cows. The results showed that subclinical mastitis causes considerable changes in the activities of enzymes in milk and blood of infected cows.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je odrediti aktivnosti enzima laktat dehidrogenaze (LDH), alkalne fosfataze (ALP), gama-glutamil transferaze (GGT), aspartat aminotransferaze (AST) i alanin aminotransferaze (ALT) u mlijeku i krvi holstein krava u laktaciji i utvrditi njihovu povezanost sa supkliničkim mastitisom (SCM). Jedan od ciljeva studije bio je, također, na temelju rezultata kalifornijskog testa na mastitis (CMT) procijeniti utjecaj stupnja SCM-a na aktivnost spomenutih enzima, kao i utvrditi učinkovitost njihove upotrebe kao alata za ranu dijagnostiku SCM-a. Trideset mliječnih holstein krava u laktaciji podvrgnuto je dijagnostici CMT-om i sukladno dobivenim rezultatima razvrstano u 4 skupine: kontrolna skupina 1 (bez SCM = 10, rezultat = 0), skupina 2 (slabo pozitivan = 8, rezultat +1), skupina 3 (pozitivan = 7, rezultat +2) i skupina 4 (jako pozitivan = 5, rezultat +3). Aktivnosti enzima LDH, ALP i GGT u mlijeku bile su značajno veće u skupinama 3 i 4 u usporedbi sa skupinom 2 i kontrolnom skupinom. Pri tom su najveće aktivnosti svih enzima zabilježene kod životinja iz skupine 4. Aktivnost LDH bila je značajno veća u skupini 2 u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu. Srednje vrijednosti aktivnosti LDH i ALP u krvi u skupinama s potvrđenim SCM bile su značajno veće od kontrolne skupine. Aktivnost ALP u krvi bila je značajno viša u skupini 4 u usporedbi sa skupinom 2. Aktivnost GGT u krvi bila je značajno viša u skupini 4 u usporedbi s ostalim skupinama. Utvrđena je značajna pozitivna povezanost između aktivnosti enzima LDH, ALP i GGT u mlijeku i aktivnosti enzima u krvi (ALP i GGT) kod SCM pozitivnih krava. Rezultati su pokazali da supklinički mastitis uzrokuje izrazite promjene aktivnosti enzima u mlijeku i krvi zaraženih krava
Experimental Investigation on Machinability of α/β Titanium Alloys with Different Microstructures
No full textIn the current study, Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) and Ti-6Al-7Nb (Ti67) alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting. The produced samples were then subjected to different heat treatment regimes. The evolved microstructures and their corresponding hardness were investigated. Computerized drilling tests using TiAlN-coated high-speed steel bits were performed to assess the machinability of the prepared specimen regarding cutting force, tool wear, and thickness of the deformed layer. It was observed that Ti64 specimens that were water quenched from either α/β or β range contained martensitic phase. In Ti67, samples showed martensite only when water quenched from the β-phase range (1070 °C). Formation of martensite resulted in higher hardness and hence led to higher cutting forces and increased tool wear during the drilling process. Machined samples with higher hardness formed a thicker subsurface deformation area (white layer) and increased burr heights. Surface roughness in Ti64 workpieces was generally higher compared to Ti67 specimens. The coat of the drilling bit was partially attacked in the as-cast specimens, which was evident by elemental N on the machining chips. The machining tool deteriorated further by increasing the workpiece hardness through martensitic formation, where elements such as Cr, V, Fe, etc. that came from the tool steel were detected
Prevalence of Food Poisoning Microorganisms in Bluespot Mullet Meal
No full textFish have a number of bacteria naturally, causing foodborne infections. The present work was conducted to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. in Bluespot mullet and the antibacterial effect of citric acid against the isolated pathogens. S. aureus was detected in 11 and 5 samples representing 44% and 20% of the total examined raw and cooked samples, respectively. Also, E. coli was detected in 6 and 2 samples representing 24% and 8% of the total examined raw and cooked samples, respectively. Pseudomonas spp. and Aermonas spp. were detected in 10 and 5 samples, representing 40% and 20% of the total examined raw bluespot mullet samples, respectively. While they weren’t detected in cooked bluespot mullet samples. The enterotoxigenic strains of S. aureus were detected in 27.27% and 20% of raw and cooked samples, respectively. Enterotoxins A, A&C and D were 9.09% while enterotoxin A was identified in 20% cooked bluespot mullets. The serological identification of E. coli showed the presence of O156: H7, O127: H6, O125:H21, O15: H12 and O91: H21. P. aeruginosa strains were divided into 2 serotypes P. aeruginosa serotype (O11 group E and O2 group B). pslA, oprL and toxA virulence genes of P. aeruginosa were detected in all examined isolates. Citric acid has great antimicrobial effect against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and Aermonas spp as it causes complete inhibition for them. The findings suggest the application of citric acid during preparation of bluespot mullet is beneficial
Islanded green energy system optimal analysis using PV, wind, biomass, and battery resources with various economic criteria
No full textThe main goal of this paper is to design an efficient renewable energy system that meets the required electricity demands. Consequently, it is essential to find the most cost-effective hybrid system that can reduce energy costs and provide access to the required electricity generation. An international school in New Administrative Capital in New Cairo, Egypt was chosen as a study area for the proposed system. Solar, wind, and biomass resources are abundant at the chosen location throughout the year. Using the HOMER (hybrid optimization model for electric renewables) software, eight distinct models of renewable energy hybrid systems were designed, simulated, and optimized to meet the required load in this study. For wind and solar resources, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) provided the input data; for biomass resources, real-time field data were used for the selected study site. In this study, lithium-ion and lead acid batteries were used to choose the most cost-effective option. The hybrid power system's PV, wind, and biomass generators were utilized to meet the load demand. The overabundance of energy requests was utilized to charge the battery banks as required when accessible to cover the load requirements during times of low energy production
Pharmacological Roles of Lithium in Treatment of Diseases: New Insights
No full textLithium is a delicate, silvery-white alkali metal, the smallest monovalent cation with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. The present study aimed to discuss the current knowledge of Lithium's pharmacological and toxicological effects, as well as future perspectives on its application in treating various diseases in laboratory animals. Lithium is currently being investigated for its potential role in maintaining beta-cell activity and reducing insulin resistance in mammals, as it exhibits a diverse array of biological effects. The basis of bipolar disorder medication for acute mood periods, switch prevention, preventative treatment, and suicide prevention has been and still is lithium. Lithium has lately been investigated in several neurodegenerative diseases and other psychoses. It has demonstrated potential benefits in experimental animals in avoiding neurodegeneration and brain damage. Neurological conditions, such as traumatic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mercury poisoning, alcoholism, and drug dependence, may benefit from lithium's neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory qualities. Lithium supports neuronal survival, repairs damage, reduces inflammation and cell death, promotes neurogenesis, maintains cell membranes, and affects signaling pathways related to brain health and recovery. In conclusion, lithium remains a key treatment for bipolar disease due to its mood-stabilizing effects and capacity to lower the risk of relapse and suicide. However, accumulating data suggested that lithium may affect glucose metabolism, potentially causing insulin resistance or decreased glucose tolerance in some people. Additionally, Lithium in rats has anti-inflammatory properties with markedly reduced insulin resistance. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring metabolic health during long-term lithium treatment to ensure optimal psychiatric and physical health
Influence of thermo-mechanical processing on microstructure and properties of bulk metallic glassy alloys-reinforced Al matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy
No full textAl-matrix composites, reinforced with two different types of glassy particles and prepared by mechanical alloying, were consolidated via Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and hot extrusion to produce high-strength Al–5%Al65Cu20Ti15 and Al–5%Al84Ni7Co3Nb6 composites, along with pure Al sample for comparison. TEM observation and XRD analysis were used to investigate the crystal structure of the prepared powders. Metallurgical analysis tools, including SEM, TEM, XRD and EBSD, were used to investigate the effect of consolidation temperature and processing on the amorphous phase and the distribution of reinforcing particles in the composite. Also, the effect of the consolidation process on the grain morphology and size of the prepared composite was studied. Al-5% Al65Cu20Ti15 was fully densified, compared to nearly 98 % relative density for Al-5% Al84Ni7Co3Nb6 and pure Al sample prepared by hot extrusion. Moreover, Al-5% Al65Cu20Ti15 composite showed the highest hardness and ultimate tensile strength values, which are 63Hv and 226 MPa, respectively. An acceptable elongation of 15 % was also achieved. After SPS, hot extrusion process improved the strength of the composite compared with previously reported Al composites containing higher percents of Al-based glassy articles manufactured using various processing techniques. Homogenous reinforcement distribution, grain refinement and improved wettability between matrix and reinforcement are the key factors on improving the strength of Al–5%Al65Cu20Ti15 composite. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) decreased by adding glassy particles to the Al-matrix, while Al-5% Al65Cu20Ti15 had the lowest values
Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor variants in mothers and their neonates are risk factors for neonatal sepsis
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