1,720,956 research outputs found
La mesure du numérique explique-t-elle le ralentissement de la productivité ? Le cas de l’Australie / Does Measurement of Digital Activities Explain Productivity Slowdown? The Case for Australia
No full textThe post 2004 slowdown in productivity growth in developed nations has led to speculation that mismeasurement of digital activities within the national accounts may be responsible. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) modelling of potential missing output confirms the findings of Syverson (2017), Ahmad & Schreyer (2016) and Byrne, Fernald & Reinsdorf (2016) that unrecorded digital activities were of insufficient magnitude to explain the productivity slowdown. While there may be room for improvement in data sources and methods more broadly, conceptually digital activities are captured in the National Accounts framework.Le ralentissement de la croissance de la productivité enregistré dans les pays développés après 2004 a donné naissance à des spéculations sur la responsabilité d’une erreur de mesure des activités numériques dans la comptabilité nationale. L’Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) a modélisé la possible production manquante et confirme les conclusions de Syverson (2017), Ahmad & Schreyer (2016) et Byrne, Fernald & Reinsdorf (2016), selon lesquelles l’ampleur des activités numériques non enregistrées ne suffit pas à expliquer le ralentissement de la productivité. Bien que, de façon générale, les sources de données et les méthodes puissent être améliorées, au niveau conceptuel, les activités numériques sont déjà intégrées dans le cadre de la comptabilité nationale.Burnell Derek, Elnasri Amani. La mesure du numérique explique-t-elle le ralentissement de la productivité ? Le cas de l’Australie / Does Measurement of Digital Activities Explain Productivity Slowdown? The Case for Australia. In: Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, n°517-519, 2020. Numéro spécial : Au-delà et autour du PIB : questions à la comptabilité nationale / Special Issue : Beyond and Around GDP: Questions to National Accounting pp. 129-145
The impact of debt relief in low-income countries
Get PDFThe perceived lack of conclusive quantitative evidence on the macroeconomic effects of
debt relief in low-income countries has generally blurred the image of debt relief efforts
and left the issues of its effectiveness and efficiency open to debate and dispute. This
thesis seeks to shed more light on the subject by providing some further empirical
evidence. This objective is achieved by performing an empirical investigation of two
effects of debt relief. First, the study examines the debt relief-new borrowing relationship
in a multivariable regression framework. The results that emerge suggest that, on
average, debt relief can be beneficial in reducing the future new borrowing of Highly
Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs). This conclusion, to some extent, is in line with the
goals of HIPCs debt relief initiatives in reducing external debt burdens of those countries
to sustainable levels. However, it presents a challenge to the views of William Easterly
on the ‘perverse incentive effects’ of ‘continuing waves’ of debt relief that are said to
lead to further debt accumulation of a similar magnitude to replace old cancelled debt.
Second, the analysis explores the influence of debt relief on domestic investment
behaviour in developing countries. Debt relief is found to have a positive effect on
domestic investment in countries with good policy environments. This result suggests
that debt relief would be more effective in promoting domestic investment if it were more
cautiously conditioned on sound policy frameworks
Three essays on infrastructure investment: the Australian experience
Get PDFThis thesis studies a number of crucial topics in relation to infrastructure investments and their effects on economic performance. By focusing on the Australian experience, the thesis addresses several critical issues which have not received adequate attention in the earlier literature. Chapter 2 examines the relationship between public infrastructure and productivity by estimating a production function. The findings of this chapter suggest that while aggregate analysis produces an implausibly large infrastructure effect, results from an approach which controls for the specific characteristics of the states are more plausible. In another piece of evidence, the estimation of an error-correction model reveals that a long-run identification and modelling of the relationship reflects the important positive role of infrastructure on productivity. Short-run dynamics, however, provide no support for a positive effect. In addition, applying a causality test suggests a long-run unidirectional causality running from public infrastructure to productivity. Chapter 3 examines the impact of the provision of public transport infrastructure on the cost structure of Australian industries within a context that recognises interindustry spillovers. The study extends the symmetric normalised quadratic cost function by incorporating public transportation capital as an external input and adapting the spatial econometric techniques into an industrial context to allow for industry spillovers in the cost analysis. The study finds that while public transport has a productive effect in reducing the cost of production, neglecting interindustry spillovers noticeably reduces this effect. Chapter 4 examines the optimality of the provision of infrastructure using a system of Euler equations to represent intertemporal efficiency conditions. The estimation results suggest that dealing with individual types of infrastructure investments at the state level is helpful for reaching realistic conclusions about infrastructure provision. In particular, the study finds that while the efficiency conditions are satisfied at the aggregate level, a disaggregate analysis which examines individual components of economic infrastructure reveals inefficiency in the provision of some types of infrastructure across the states. In addition, contrary to other methods, the efficiency approach produces a relatively plausible estimate of the infrastructure effect
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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