1,721,345 research outputs found
Cell proliferation, cell death, and differentiation in gliomas
No full textSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DX190525 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Affective versus cognitive responses to musical chords: An ERP and behavioral study
No full textVia electrophysiological methods, early neural responses to musical chords have been, on one hand,
associated with feature encoding, feature change discrimination, rule violation processing, and conscious
updating of musical expectations. On the other hand, late neural responses have been related to affective
evaluation of sounds. The chronometric succession of these neural processes and their underlying
psychological mechanisms related to cognitive and affective aspects of music listening have thus far
remained unexplored. Here, the neural correlates of affective and cognitive processing of musical chords
were contrasted by means of the event-related potential (ERP) technique and behavioral ratings. Adult
subjects (N 24) performed an emotion judgment (affective) task and a correctness judgment (cognitive)
task while listening to chord sequences ending in various major and minor final chords, which were either
correctly tuned or mistuned. Enhanced negative ERPs during cadence listening preceding the affective
ratings, relative to the cognitive ratings, suggest different neural preparation for these tasks. Furthermore,
negatively rated (sad or incorrect) cadence endings in both tasks elicited early negative ERPs and later
positive ERPs. These positivities, peaking at 500 ms, differed in scalp distribution between sad and
incorrect stimuli. The present findings suggest a neural chronometry of music listening in which feature
encoding and sensory memory processes are followed at a medium latency by affective classification,
after which an evaluative stage takes place. This study provides a first look at the chronometric
succession of electrophysiological brain responses in relation to emotion judgments of musical pitch as
opposed to nonaffective correctness judgments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
QL-008. An exploration of associations between health related quality of life and medulloblastoma molecular subgroup status in survivors from the SIOP UKCCSG PNET3 trial
No full textOBJECTIVES: To explore the possibility of combining retrospective biological and quality of survival (QoS) data, to investigate whether health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may be related to the underlying biology of medulloblastoma. METHODS: Using available data from our previous studies of SIOP UKCCSG PNET3 survivors whose tumours had been assigned to disease molecular subgroup (SHH, WNT and non-SHH/WNT (Group 3 and Group 4) tumours) using DNA methylation and immuno-histochemical methods, and for whom HRQoL data were also available, we conducted univariate analyses to assess any differences in child- and parent-reported health status (HUI), behavioural functioning (SDQ), and HRQoL (PedsQL) between subgroups. This was followed by a three-step hierarchical forward multiple regression analysis; tumour subgroup was entered at step one followed by gender, age at diagnosis and interval from diagnosis (step two) and treatment and cerebellar mutism (step three) as predictors. Predictors were retained in the model if p < 0.1. RESULTS: There was a significant overall inter-group difference in parent-reported PedsQL (p = 0.018), due to significantly better PedsQL scores in the SHH group (median = 95.3) compared with the WNT group (median = 67.1, p = 0.015) and the non-SHH/WNT group (median = 74.0, p = 0.015). SHH trended to better functioning in all other indices used. At each step in the regression modelling, SHH remained the only significant predictor of parent-reported HRQoL, even after controlling for factors previously associated with worse HRQoL outcomes (treatment and cerebellar mutism) in the final model (B = 17.1, R2 = 0.25, p = 0.043). CONCLUSION: These initial investigations indicate combined analyses of biological and QoS data could provide new insights on HRQoL outcome, and should be incorporated into the planning of expanded studies of medulloblastoma survivors, aimed at fully establishing any basis to inform the future management of patients according to their molecular subgroup status
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Diuretic Therapy for Patients With Heart Failure JACC State-of-the-Art Review
No full textExpansion of extracellular fluid volume is central to the pathophysiology of heart failure. Increased extracellular fluid leads to elevated intracardiac filling pressures, resulting in a constellation of signs and symptoms of heart failure referred to as congestion. Loop diuretics are one of the cornerstones of treatments for heart failure, but in contrast to other therapies, robust clinical trial evidence to guide the use of diuretics is sparse. A nuanced understanding of renal physiology and diuretic pharmacokinetics is essential for skillful use of diuretics in the management of heart failure in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Diuretic resistance, defined as an inadequate quantity of natriuresis despite an adequate diuretic regimen, is a major clinical challenge that generally portends a poor prognosis. In this review, the authors discuss the fundamental mechanisms and physiological principles that underlie the use of diuretic therapy and the available data on the optimal use of diuretics.Felker, GM (reprint author), Duke Clin Res Inst, 200 Morris St, Durham, NC 27705 USA.
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Market Correctives, Market Palliatives and the New Politics of European Economic and Regional Development
Full text linkThe New Economy and the interests of more advanced EU Member states dominate current thinking on EU and national level economic and regional policy goals. European integration thus drives a political economy of regionalism that—far more than traditional divisions between labor and capital—defines the principal economic players in the New Europe. The New Economy drives a radical shift in EU policy from cohesion or redistribution toward innovation promotion, affecting both distributional struggles and policy approaches at the EU, national and subnational levels. Shifting strategies pose significant challenges at the national and subnational levels with important implications for future EU economic and regional development policy goals. The increasing concentration of funding on less advanced economies is eroding the policy’s traditional support basis and, ironically, diminishing its original intent and purpose
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