42 research outputs found
VIDEOART YEARBOOK 2019 | L’annuario della videoarte italiana | XIV edizione
No full textMercoledì 20 novembre ore 17.00 | Aula Magna del Dipartimento delle Arti – Sede di S. Cristina, piazzetta Morandi 2, Bologna
Anche quest’anno si terrà per la quattordicesima volta, dall’ormai lontano 2006 di partenza, la rassegna Videoart Yearbook. L’annuario della videoarte italiana. Il progetto, unico in Italia nel suo genere, è condotto da un gruppo di ricerca costituito da Renato Barilli, Guido Bartorelli, Alessandra Borgogelli, Pasquale Fameli, Silvia Grandi, Fabiola Naldi. L’intento della rassegna è di valorizzare la videoarte italiana selezionando ogni anno opere che spaziano dalla video-performance alla computer-grafica, offerte al pubblico in un’unica sequenza, come una proiezione cinematografica. In oltre un decennio di attività si è costituito un archivio di alcune centinaia di opere, capace di attestare le ampie possibilità espressive del mezzo video.
Il comitato curatoriale ha ritenuto quest’anno di continuare con la formula più consueta, puntando alla selezione di sedici video creati da artisti ormai ben noti al nostro pubblico – Apotropia, Elena Bellantoni, Rita Casdia, Audrey Coïaniz, Silvia De Gennaro, Elisabetta Di Sopra, Francesca Fini, Igor Imhoff, Salvatore Insana, Francesca Leoni & Davide Mastrangelo, Liuba, Marcantonio Lunardi, Sabrina Muzi, Christian Niccoli, Alberta Pellacani, Saul Saguatti – che con i loro prodotti confermano l’ampio arco coperto da questo genere in continua espansione, dalle applicazioni di computer graphic alle testimonianze di aspetti del comportamento e perfino dell’arte di strada. Con i loro contributi si allarga il quadro multiforme delle possibilità offerte dalla videoarte, tanto da consigliare di presentare queste opere ricorrendo al semplice ordine alfabetico degli autori.
Come nelle edizioni precedenti, invece di una madrina di prestigio, quest’anno si è individuato un padrino d’eccellenza, Andrea Bellini Direttore del Centre d'Art Contemporain di Ginevra, che presenterà una selezioni di video dell’ultima edizione della Biennale dell’Immagine in movimento
Occurrence and Antimicrobial Profile of Bacterial Pathogens in Former Foodstuff Meat Products Used for Pet Diets
No full textEuropean legislation stipulates that food no longer intended for human consumption, due to commercial reasons,
manufacturing problems, or some defect, can be used in pet feed. However, the presence of former foodstuffs in pet diets could
constitute a public health issue because pets can act as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes. In this study, for the first
time, biological hazards due to the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in former foodstuff meat products were
evaluated. Among the 112 samples of packaged fresh meat (poultry, pork, and beef) collected from cold storage warehouses of a
mass market retailer, the overall prevalence of E. coli and Salmonella, the prevalence of strains with multidrug resistance, the
phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of strains that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamase, and the presence of biofilm
producers were assessed. A high prevalence of E. coli was observed in former foodstuffs of poultry (100%), pork (100%), and
beef (93.3%). Salmonella Derby and Salmonella Typhimurium were found in 11.5% of the poultry samples, and Salmonella
Typhimurium was found in 13.3% of the pork samples. Salmonella was not recovered from the beef samples. Multidrug
resistance was found in E. coli and Salmonella isolates from poultry, pork, and beef. Overall, 18.2% of E. coli isolates and 20%
of Salmonella isolates were resistant to various types of antibiotics with various mechanisms of action. Salmonella isolates from
pork are an important source of extended-spectrum β-lactamase production. Both E. coli and Salmonella were carriers of
antibiotic resistance marker genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M) associated with β-lactamase production in poultry and pork.
Approximately 30% of the E. coli isolates from the various types of meat were phenotypically biofilm producers, and all carried
the fimH gene. These findings indicate that the use of former foodstuff meat products in pet diets can represent a risk for public
health
Officina America : ReteEmiliaRomagna
No full textWith this exhibition of young artists from North America, Barilli traces developments in art at the beginning of the 21st century. Illustrated with 20th century works as reference points, his essay, like the exhibition, is divided into thematic sections on the Home, Painterliness, and the Hyperobject. The author finds that decorative motifs have returned to art, but with post-modern, posthuman objectives: old dichotomies no longer apply to the emerging hybrids and “erroneous” objects that transgress traditional classification. Texts in English and Italian. List of works. Biographical notes
BTH and BABA induce resistance in pea against rust (Uromyces pisi) involving differential phytoalexin accumulation
No full textIt has been previously shown that rust (Uromyces pisi) infection can be reduced in pea (Pisum sativum) by exogenous applications of systemic acquired resistance elicitors such as BTH and BABA. This protection is known to be related with the induction of the phenolic pathway but the particular metabolites involved have not been determined yet. In this work, we tackled the changes induced in phytoalexin content by BTH and BABA treatments in the context of the resistance responses to pea rust. Detailed analysis through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed qualitative and quantitative differences in the content, as well as in the distribution of phytoalexins. Thus, following BTH treatment, we observed an increase in scopoletin, pisatin and medicarpin contents in all, excreted, soluble and cell wall-bound fraction. This suggests fungal growth impairment by both direct toxic effect as well as plant cell wall reinforcement. The response mediated by BTH was genotype-dependent, since coumarin accumulation was observed only in the resistant genotype whereas treatment by BABA primed phytoalexin accumulation in both genotypes equally. Exogenous application to the leaves of scopoletin, medicarpin and pisatin lead to a reduction of the different fungal growth stages, confirming a role for these phytoalexins in BTH- and BABA-induced resistance against U. pisi hampering pre- and postpenetration fungal stages
Il Foro Boario riconfigurato dalla creatività femminile - Foro Boario re-designed by a female creativity
No full textNegli spazi espositivi del Foro Boario Cristina Roncati ridà una nuova vita alle opere che hanno caratterizzato l'intero suo percorso artistico.La molteplicità delle forme viene valorizzata dal ricorso a materiali diversi che Cristina è capace di personalizzare con notevole abilità tecnica rivelando una grande capacità espressiv
Meat juice serology for Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens
No full textToxoplasma gondii is an important foodborne zoonosis. Free-range chickens are at particularly high risk of infection and are also excellent indicators of soil contamination by oocysts. In the present study, hearts of 77 freerange chickens were collected at slaughter. T. gondii meat juice enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed with a commercial kit, following validation with positive controls, from experimentally infected chickens, and negative ones. Out of 77 samples, only 66 gave sufficient meat juice for serology. Of these, 24 (36.4%) were positive for T. gondii considering the 5*standard deviation values (calculated on the optical density of negative controls), while all the samples were negative considering sample/positive% values. Parasite-specific polymerase chain reaction was carried out on all samples obtained from heart tissue and none were positive for the presence of T. gondii DNA. Results would suggest that further study on the use of meat juice with a validated serological test to detect T. gondii in chickens could lead to widespread epidemiological studies in this important intermediate host. However, sample collection and test specificity require further evaluation
Isolation of Salmonella enterica in pigs at slaughter and genetic identity between isolates of porcine and human origin in Northern Italy.
No full textIntroduction: Salmonella spp. is a zoonotic microorganism responsible for food-borne disease worldwide. Even if the EU-trend is decreasing, salmonellosis is still the second most common food-borne disease in the European Union and swine are considered an important reservoir of microorganisms for humans.
Materials and Methods: From June to October 2014, 201 pigs at slaughter were tested for Salmonella spp. in mesenteric lymph nodes. Pigs were reared in 61 farms of four Italian regions (Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto and Piedmont) and slaughtered in one abattoir in Emilia-Romagna region. A total of 67 batches of pigs were tested, and 3 animals per batch were randomly selected along the slaughter line. Prior to slaughter, 66 faecal samples were collected at lairage (two per sampling day). Salmonella spp. was detected following the ISO 6579:2002 method for lymph nodes and the ISO 6579/2002/Amd.1:2007 for faecal samples. Serotyping of isolates was performed following the Kauffmann White-Le Minor scheme. Genotyping was carried out by PFGE after digestion of DNA with the restriction enzyme XbaI according to the Pulse Net protocol.
A total of around 3,000 Salmonella isolates from hospitalized human patients of Emilia-Romagna region were typed from October 2011 to October 2014. They were linked to several salmonellosis outbreaks or single cases.
Results: Overall, 39 lymph nodes (19.4%) and 33 faecal samples (50.0%) were found positive for Salmonella. The following Salmonella serovars were detected, listed in order of frequency: S. Derby, S. enterica 1,4,[5],12:i:-, S. Rissen, S. Brandenburg, S. Manhattan, S. London, S. Livingstone, S. Muenchen, S. Stanley, S. Give.
All serovars except S. Stanley were isolated from human cases of infections. Comparing PFGE profiles between the porcine and human compartments, the largest proportion of pulsotypes that were present in both compartments was observed among the isolates of S. enterica 1,4,[5],12:i:- (7 out of the 10 porcine pulsotypes were present in the human isolates) whereas the smallest proportion of shared pulsotypes was observed among the isolates of S. Derby (6 out of the 15 porcine pulsotypes were present in the human isolates). Interestingly, pulsotypes of S. enterica 1,4,[5],12:i:- isolated from pigs did not always correspond to S. enterica 1,4,[5],12:i:-isolates in the human compartment, instead, in some cases they correspond to the biphasic S. Typhimurium.
Conclusions: This study confirms the role of pigs as pathogenic Salmonella strains for humans. Future studies will be necessary to acquire better knowledge on the ecology of S. Typhimurium and its monophasic variant between the porcine and human compartments, considering the importance of these serotypes in human salmonellosis
Antibacterial activity of metal complexes based on cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazone analogues
No full textThe development of microbial antibiotic resistance has become one of the biggest threats to global health and the search for new molecules active against resistant pathogenic strains is a challenge that must be tackled. In many cases nosocomial infections are caused by bacteria characterized by multi-drug resistance patterns and by their ability to produce biofilms. These properties lead to the persistence of pathogens in the hospital environment. This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of three thiosemicarbazone derivatives based on a compound containing the cinnamaldehyde natural scaffold but possessing different logPow values. These molecules are then used as ligands to prepare complexes of the Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions. All these compounds, ligands and complexes, were screened in vitro on stains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae for their antibacterial activity. Despite their molecular similarity they revealed variegated behaviors. Only two of them present interesting antimicrobial properties and have also been studied to verify their stability in solution. The compound with the lowest partition coefficient is the most promising. The minimal bactericidal concentration on K. pneumoniae and E. coli of these substances are very interesting and demonstrate that the use of metalloantibiotics is a promising device to fight antibiotic resistance
Toxoplasma gondii and pre-treatment protocols for polymerase chain reaction analysis of milk samples: a field trial in sheep from Southern Italy
No full textToxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Ingestion of raw milk has been suggested as a risk for transmission to humans. Here the authors evaluated pre-treatment protocols for DNA extraction on T. gondii tachyzoite-spiked sheep milk with the aim of identifying the method that resulted in the most rapid and reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity. This protocol was then used to analyse milk samples from sheep of three different farms in Southern Italy, including real time PCR for DNA quantification and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism for genotyping. The pre-treatment protocol using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and Tris-HCl to remove casein gave the best results in the least amount of time compared to the others on spiked milk samples. One sample of 21 collected from sheep farms was positive on one-step PCR, real time PCR and resulted in a Type I genotype at one locus (SAG3). Milk usually contains a low number of tachyzoites and this could be a limiting factor for molecular identification. Our preliminary data has evaluated a rapid, cost-effective and sensitive protocol to treat milk before DNA extraction. The results of the present study also confirm the possibility of T. gondii transmission through consumption of raw milk and its unpasteurised derivatives
Influence of pigskin on Salmonella contamination of pig carcasses and cutting lines in an Italian slaughterhouse
No full textNinety pig carcasses and twenty one food contact surfaces (FCSs) were tested for Salmonella in a slaughterhouse processing ca. 380 pigs/h between 2014-2015. Sampling was performed during seven sessions. Four carcass sites of 100 cm2 each (back, belly, jowl externally, and the diaphragmatic area internally) were swabbed after evisceration. Meat conveyors and dressing tables were tested swabbing areas of 200 to 400 cm2. After pre-enrichment in buffered peptone water, samples were tested by Salmonella MDS® assay and the presumptive positives were confirmed by the ISO 6579 method. Salmonella isolates were serotyped following the Kauffman- White-Le Minor scheme and genotyped by XbaI pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Salmonella was isolated from 16/90 [17.8%; confidence interval (CI) 95%=11.2-26.9] carcasses and 4/21 (19.0%; CI 95%=7.7-40.0) FCSs. Four serovars were identified on carcasses. S. enterica 4,[5],12:i:- was the most prevalent (43.75%), followed by S. Rissen (31.25%), S. Derby (12.5%) and S. Bovismorbificans (12.5%). Two serovars were found on FCSs, namely S. Derby (75%) and S. Livingstone (25%). During one sampling session, a failure in carcass dehairing occurred and caused significantly higher prevalence of carcass contamination (60%) than in the remaining sessions. Moreover, in the same session, Salmonella prevalence was marginally significantly higher on FCSs than in the remaining sampling days, suggesting that dehairing affects contamination not only on carcasses, but also on the working surfaces
