1,721,190 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Prevalence and professional risk factors of Parkinson's disease among affiliates of the Mutualité Sociale Agricole
No full textLa maladie de Parkinson est l'une des principales pathologies neurodégénératives, mais il existe peu de données françaises sur sa fréquence. Des études antérieures suggèrent que l'exposition aux pesticides est un facteur de risque de maladie de Parkinson ; la population agricole représente donc une population particulièrement intéressante. Nous avons étudié l’intérêt d’une méthode utilisant les remboursements de médicaments antiparkinsoniens pour identifier les patients parkinsoniens parmi les affiliés de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole dans cinq départements en 2007 en développant, à partir de 1 114 consommateurs de médicaments antiparkinsoniens, un modèle prédictif dont nous avons estimé les performances (sensibilité =92,5 %, spécificité = 86,4 %, statistique c = 0,953 %). A partir de ce modèle, nous estimons que la prévalence de la maladie de Parkinson dans les cinq départements est de 6,20 ‰ après18 ans et de 2,76 ‰ après standardisation sur l’âge et le sexe (population française de 2007comme référence). La prévalence est 1,3 fois plus élevée dans les cantons où la densité en exploitations spécialisées en vergers et autres cultures permanentes est la plus élevée ; ce typed’exploitation est caractérisé par une utilisation intensive de pesticides, notamment d’insecticides. Des informations détaillées sur l’utilisation professionnelle de pesticides ont été recueillies dans une étude cas-témoins (331 cas, 660 témoins). Nous observons une association entre la maladie de Parkinson et l’utilisation intensive (nombre élevéd’applications par an) de fongicides et d’insecticides. Parmi les différents types d’exploitations, une association avec la maladie de Parkinson est uniquement retrouvée pour l’utilisation de pesticides dans les exploitations viticoles. Enfin, l’association avec l’exposition professionnelle aux pesticides semble plus marquée pour la présentation clinique de la maladie caractérisée par la présence d'un tremblement de reposParkinson's disease is one the main neurodegenerative diseases, but there are little French data on its frequency. Previous studies suggest that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease; the agricultural population is therefore particularly interesting. Westudied the value of a method using antiparkinsonian drugs claims to identify Parkinson's disease patients among members of the Mutuality Sociale Agricole in five districts in 2007 by developing, based on 1,114 antiparkinsonian drugs users, a predictive model and estimatingits performances (sensitivity = 92.5%, specificity = 86.4%, c-statistic = 0.953). Based on thismodel, we estimate that the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in the five districts is of 6.20 ‰after 18 years and 2.76 ‰ after standardization on the age- and sex-distribution of the 2007 French population. The prevalence is 1.3 times higher in cantons where the density of farms specialized in orchards and other permanent crops is highest; this activity is characterized by intensive use of pesticides, especially insecticides. Detailed information on professional useof pesticides were collected in a case-control study (331 cases, 660 controls). We observed anassociation between Parkinson's disease and intensive use (high number of applications peryear) of fungicides and insecticides. Among different types of farms, an association with Parkinson's disease is only found for pesticide use in vineyards. Finally, the association with occupational exposure to pesticides seems more pronounced for the clinical presentation of the disease characterized by the presence of resting tremor
Determinants and consequences of motor decline in the elderly
No full textLe déclin des performances motrices du sujet âgé est associé à un risque accru de morbimortalitéet représente une problématique majeure pour nos sociétés vieillissantes. Son origine est le plus souvent multifactorielle et nous nous sommes plus particulièrement intéressés au rôle des facteurs de risque vasculaire à partir des données longitudinales et transversales de la cohorte dijonnaise de l’étude des 3 Cités. Les performances motrices ont été évaluées à travers la mesure de la vitesse de marche sur 6 mètres chez des sujets âgés de 65 à 85 ans à l'inclusiondans l'étude.Nous avons ainsi observé que l’hypertension artérielle à l’inclusion dans l’étude était associée à une vitesse de marche plus lente et à un déclin de la vitesse de marche plus important au cours du suivi. Parmi les participants ayant eu une IRM cérébrale à l’inclusion, nous avons observé une relation entre la vitesse de marche et les volumes sous-corticaux de substance grise cérébrale, en particulier le volume du noyau caudé. Une vitesse de marche plus lente à l'inclusion était associée à un risque accru de mortalité toutes causes 5 ans plus tard, avec une association plus forte pour la mortalité cardiovasculaire.Ces résultats sont en faveur d’une contribution cérébrovasculaire au déclin des fonctions motrices du sujet âgé, et participent à une meilleure compréhension de ce processus.Motor decline in the elderly is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and represents a major issue for our ageing societies. Its etiology is usually multifactorial, and, in this work, we specifically addressed the contribution of vascular risk factors, based on crosssectional and longitudinal data from the Dijon center of the Three-City study. Motor function was assessed through measures of walking speed over 6 meters in participants aged 65 to 85 years old.We observed that baseline hypertension was associated with lower walking speed at baseline and greater motor decline over follow-up. Among participants with a baseline brain MRI, we observed a relationship between walking speed and the volume of brain subcortical gray matter structures, particularly the volume of the caudate nucleus. Slower walking speed at baseline was associated with an increased risk of all-cause death over 5 years of follow-up; this association was stronger for cardiovascular deaths.These results support the hypothesis of a contribution of vascular risk factors to motor decline in the elderly and contribute to improve our understanding of this process
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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