179,456 research outputs found
Interview of Sayed Z. El-Sayed by Brian Shoemaker
No full textDr. Hussein Fausi, pp. 2
Professor Abdel Fatah Mohammed, pp. 2
Dr. Richard Van Cleef, pp. 3
Dr. Richard Flemming, pp. 3
Haupt ______, pp. 3
Ravel _______, pp. 3
Shepard ______, pp. 3
Claude du Bear, pp. 3
Walter Monk, pp. 3
Peter Ray, pp. 3
Captain Luis R. Capurro, pp. 6-7
Byunig Don Lee, pp. 8, 22
Dr. Martin Johnson, pp. 9
Captain Canepa, pp. 9-10
Larry Gould, pp. 10
______Zumberg, pp. 10
Lee Washbrun, pp. 10
George Llano, pp. 10, 15, 23-24, 30
Professor Mosby, pp. 12
Richard Thornton, pp. 13
_______Allsion McQueeny, pp. 15
Dr. Morita, pp. 15, 23
Claude Zumell, pp. 16
Holm Henson, pp. 16, 23
Larry Weber, pp. 19
_______Filchner, pp. 22
_______Shackelton, pp. 22
Mary Alice ________, pp. 22-23
George Knox, pp. 28
Dr. Numoto, pp. 29
Lou de Galle, pp. 29
Dick Laws, pp. 29, 37, 42, 64, 66
Joe Farnham, pp. 34, 63
Carol ________, pp. 35
Todd ________, pp. 40
Lubimora ______, pp. 40
Professor Bogdanor, pp. 41
__________ Kryzechevski, pp. 42
Barry Heywood, pp. 42, 65
David Drury, pp. 43
Martin Johnson, pp. 46
Carl Stegan, pp. 54
Sherwood Roland, pp. 55
Mario Mornina, pp. 55
Paul Ramsey, pp. 55-56
Bob Stephenson, pp. 60
Paul Skelly Powers, pp. 60
Charlie Inge, pp. 60
_________ Hovis, pp. 60
Emil Anderson, pp. 61
Admiral Bill Ramsey, pp. 62
Dean Stockwell, pp. 62
Bernard Stonehouse, pp. 64
Bob Abel, pp. 67Dr. El-Sayed was born in Alexandria, Egypt. After secondary school, he went to the University of Alexandria for his B.S. (1949) in Oceanography. After his M.S., he went to the Scripps Institute of Oceanography on a Fulbright Fellowship. He received his PhD from the University of Washington. As professor emeritus at Texas A & M, he directs a project with the Cooperative Marine Research Program in the Middle East. A friend asked him to work on a biological project on Drake Passage, Antarctica.
He worked for several years on vessels from Argentina and was later assigned to a ship for the study of krill. The science team included specialists interested in different aspects of the ecosystem. This was the first of many trips, including those on the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean. He wrote the book “The Historical Perspective of the Antarctic Marine Research.” This book addresses the studies on the productivity of krill, in addition to phytoplankton and how solar radiation, nutrients, and the depletion of the ozone affected the marine ecosystem. The UVB radiation had a deleterious effect on the survival of the phytoplankton and nanoplankton.
Dr. El-Sayed describes his associations with SCAR, BIMASS, SCORE, and other research organizations. He summarizes the phasing out of CFCs production. Because some phytoplankton are inhibited by solar radiation, the maximum concentration of chlorophyll is between 10 and 20 meters. As a member of the Nimbus Experimental Team, Dr. El-Sayed used the coastal zone color scanner to study the krill ecosystem.
Major Topics
The University of Alexandria
The Scripps Institute of Oceanography
The University of Washington
Texas A & M University
Cooperative Marine Research Program in the Middle East
Drake Passage in Antarctica
Phytoplankton and nanoplankton on the Filchner Ice Shelf
Water currents in the Weddell Sea
Changes in the krill population
The formation of SCAR’s Marine Committee
The Antarctic marine ecosystem
Establishment of the first two International BIMASS experiments
The use of satellite images to study marine ecologyFunded by a grant from the National Science Foundation
Role of electron and hole trapping in the degradation and breakdown of SiO2 and HfO2 films
No full textWe investigated possible mechanisms for correlated defect production in amorphous (a) SiO2 and HfO2 films under applied stress bias using ab initio simulations. During bias application, electron injection into these films may lead to the localization of up to two electrons at intrinsic trapping sites which are present due to the natural structural disorder in amorphous structures. Trapping two electrons weakens Si-O and Hf-O bonds to such an extent that the thermally activated creation of Frenkel defects, O vacancies and O2- interstitial ions, becomes efficient even at room temperature. Bias application affects defect creation barriers and O2- interstitial diffusion. The density of trapping sites is different in a-SiO2 and a-HfO2. This leads to qualitatively different degradation kinetics, which results from different correlation in defect creation in the two materials. These effects affect TDDB statistics and its dependence on the film thickness
Significance of nannoplankton in primary production of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, during the 1972 Austral Summer
No full textDuring Eltanin Cruise 51 (January-February 1972), hydrographic features, phytoplankton standing crop, and primary production were determined between New Zealand and the Ross Ice Shelf. Four geographical regions with unique physical/chemical characteristics were delineated. They were the Subantarctic (SA), Antarctic Convergence (AC), Antarctic (AA), and Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) regions. Nannoplankton contribution to total phytoplankton standing crop (Chl a) and total primary production (C����� uptake) was measured by a fractionation process utilizing 10 (subscript "mean" symbol) mesh screens to separate the net and nannoplankton components. Mean phytoplankton standing crop values, integrated to 200 m, for the SA, AC, AA, and RIS regions were 23.62, 35.08, 51.41, and 96.37 mgChl a/m��, respectively. Nannoplankton accounted for 76.2%, 88.6%, and 64.9% of the standing crop in these respective areas. A significant correlation was found between the total phytoplankton standing crop in surface samples and standing crop estimates integrated over the water column. However, no correlation was found between size competition of the surface standing crop and that of the euphotic zone. Mean estimates of total phytoplankton production in the euphotic zone for the SA, AA, and RIS regions were 5.72, 6.18, and 9.97 mg/m��/hr. Nannoplankton production remained relatively constant in these regions, accounting for 90.2%, 67.0%, and 54.0% of total production in the respective regions. The increased phytoplankton standing crop and primary production observed in waters south of the Antarctic Convergence were accounted for by increases in the net plankton fraction. Average photosynthetic indexes (PI) were calculated for the total phytoplankton and the nannoplankton fraction. Significant estimates of 0.351 (P=.01) and 0.243 (P=.1) were obtained for the total PI and nannoplankton PI, respectively
The interplay of art and advertising
No full textUmetnost je bila v toku časa neprenehoma podvržena spremembam. Ni mogoče zanikati dejstva, da so tudi nova odkritja imela velik vpliv na potek razvoja umetnosti. V diplomski nalogi predstavim možnosti, ki jih oglaševanje nudi umetnikom: se preko nje izraziti, ustvarjati in komunicirati z javnostjo. Drugi vidik, ki ga naslovim, je možnost implementiranja sodobne tehnologije, natančneje medmrežja, da bi s tem postala umetnost dostopnejša širši množici. V svojem delu tematiziram intermedialnost in interdisciplinarnostpojava, ki imata vse večjo vlogo v celotni znanosti ter kulturi, vključujoč umetnosti. Izkoriščanje spoznanj z različnih področij nam nudi priložnost ustvariti celovitejšo rešitev obravnavane problematike. Te predpostavke obravnavam v svojem projektu, v katerem predstavim združitev umetnosti, oglaševanja in sodobnih medijev.
S pregledom zgodovine oglaševanja sem dognala, da so meje med oglaševanjem in umetnostjo močno zabrisane, prav posebej na začetku izoblikovanja oglaševalske panoge. Preplet med njima se nadaljuje in postaja s tehnološkim napredkom vse kompleksnejši.
Preko raziskovanja za diplomsko delo ugotovim, da je sodobna tehnologija podvržena omejitvam in da obljube, da množični mediji omogočajo dostopnost do informacij vsem ter povsod, vsaj za zdaj ne izpolnjujejo v obetani meri.In the course of time, art has always been a subject to changes. It is not possible to deny the fact that new discoveries also had an important influence on the course of art\u27s development. In the graduation thesis I present the possibilities offered to the artists by advertising: they can express themselves through art, create, and communicate with public. Another aspect addressed is the possibility of implementation of modern technology, specifically internet, in order art to become more accessible to wider public. In my thesis, I deal with intermediality and interdisciplinarity: phenomenona with an increasing role in the entire science and culture, including art. The use of realizations from various areas gives us opportunity to create a more comprehensive solution of the issues addressed. I address these presumptions in my project, in which I present unification of art, advertising, and modern media.
By reviewing the history of advertising, I established that boundaries among advertising and art are strongly blurred, especially at the beginning of advertising industry formulation. With technological progress, the intertwinement among them continues and becomes more complex.
Through a research for my graduation thesis, I establish that modern technology is liable to restrictions, and that a promise for mass media to enable accessibility of information to all people everywhere, is not kept in the anticipated extent
The Pherobase
No full textThe Pherobase was developed by Dr. Ashraf El-Sayed, a research scientist at HortResearch in New Zealand, with the primary objective of providing "coverage of the literature published on chemical communication in insects." The Pherobase is intended for use by both scientific and non-scientific communities and currently contains "over 10000 entries, around 3000 molecules, and over 32000 static html pages that make it the world's largest database of behavior modifying chemicals." The site contains multiple Insect indices for such categories as Order, Family A-Z, and Species; References indices such as Discovery by Author, Discovery by Year, and References A-Z; and indices for Compounds, Compounds by Family, and Compounds by Genus. The site also contains a Contribution Form, and number of online forums relating to The Pherobase
Distribution and abundance of pelagic copepods in the Drake Passage and off the coast of Argentina, with special reference to hydrology of these areas
No full textThe distribution of pelagic copepods with relation to the hydrology of the Drake Passage and off the coast of Argentina was studied in the plankton samples collected from four cruises made between February 1963 and July 1964. Hydrological studies made in the Drake Passage indicated that the position of the Antarctic Convergence does not show appreciable displacement from its mean position between 58° and 59°S lat in the Passage. Lower temperatures, higher dissolved oxygen content, and substantial increase in silicate values were noted as the Antarctic Convergence was crossed from north to south. During the October 1963 cruise the Sub-tropical Convergence was located at approximately 40°S lat off the Argentine continental shelf. Areas of upwelling were located between 40° and 43°S lat close to the border of the shelf. The distribution and composition of the pelagic copepods showed remarkable conformity with the hydrology of the areas under investigation. Based on the plankton samples studied, it was possible to divide the areas investigated into four regions: Antarctic, sub-Antarctic, transitional, and sub-tropical. The Antarctic region is characterized by the occurrence of Calanus propinquus, Calanoides acutus, Haloptilus ocellatus, Metridia gerlachei, Racovitzanus antarcticus, and Saphocalanus subbrevicornis. ..
Impact Craters and Meteorites: The Egyptian Record
No full textThis chapter provides an account of the present Egyptian impact cratering record as well as an overview of the Egyptian meteorite collection. The 45-m-diameter Kamil crater in the East Uweinat District in southwestern Egypt is so far the only confirmed impact crater in Egypt. Due to its exceptional state of preservation Kamil can be considered a typestructure for small-scale impacts on Earth. Enigmatic types of natural glasses including the Libyan Desert glass found in the Great Sand Sea and the Dakhleh glass found near Dakhla Oasis (note that Dakhla, Dakhleh and Dakhla are synonyms) may be products of low-altitude airbursts of large and fragile cometary or asteroidal impactors. A number of circular, cratershaped geological structures superficially resembling impact craters are discussed. To date the Egyptian meteorite collection totals 2 falls, including the ~10 kg Martian meteorite Nakhla that has served as a keystone for the understanding of magmatic differentiation processes on Mars, and 76 finds. With the exception of a minority of incidental findings, most Egyptian meteorite finds (~75%) were recovered over the last ~30 years from three dense meteorite collection areas, namely the El-Shaik Fedl, Great Sand Sea and Marsa Alam fields. The exceptional exposures of the Precambrian basement and Paleozoic to Cenozoic sedimentary covers in Egypt offer a good opportunity for the identification of new impact structures. Likewise, Egypt’s vast rocky desert surfaces are of great potential for the collection of meteorites through systematic searches. These prospects are fundamental ingredients for fostering the ongoing development of meteoritics and planetary science in Egypt as disciplines for future scientific endeavor in Africa
NEW SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES FOR STUDYING THE ORIGIN OF PHOSPHORESCENCE.
No full textM.A. El-Sayed has been an Alfred P. Sloan Fellow. M.A. El-Sayed, D.S. Tinti and D.V. Owens, Chem, Phys. Letters, in press. D.S. Tinti, M.A. El-Sayed, A.H. Maki and C.B. Harris, Chem. Phys. Letters, in press. The yz plane is parallel to the molecular plane with the z-axis being the long molecular axis.Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Los AngelesAt temperatures for which the electron spin-lattice relaxation times between the zero-field levels of the lowest triplet state are comparable to or longer than the phosphorescence lifetimes, the relative intensity of the different vibronic bands in the phosphorescence spectrum and the observed decays are sensitive to changes in application of magnetic and saturation of the zero-field transitions with microwave From the changes in the spectrum and in the decays upon applying these perturbations, the zero-field level(s) responsible for the intensity of each vibronic band can be determined, as well as the complete description of the spin-orbit coupling scheme. The above techniques are demonstrated for 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline in a durene host crystal. The intersystem crossing route in the guest molecule is established to be . By means of optical-detection of the zero-field transitions, the usual spin Hamiltonian parameters for the lowest triplet state of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline are found to be
Remote sensing of ocean color in the northern Gulf of Mexico
No full textTypescript (photocopy).Remote sensing of ocean waters, using the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), in the northern Gulf of Mexico during a 17 month period (November 1978 - March 1980) showed large variability in the spatial and temporal distributions of pigment fronts. Twenty-nine atmospherically- and geometrically-corrected CZCS orbits were processed into total pigment (chlorophyll a plus phaeopigments) images. A correction factor of 1.67 was applied to the pigment concentrations to correct for the tendency of the standard fluorometric method to underestimate chlorophyll a concentrations. Entrainment of coastal waters offshore was a dominant feature throughout the study. Intrusion of the Loop Current and its effect on surrounding waters was easily observed in the pigment imagery. The mean pigment concentration for the 17 month survey was 3.30 [plus or minus] 1.45 mg m^-3. Both the spring (March) and the fall (October) phytoplankton blooms were documented in the imagery, although precise dates for these maxima could not be determined due to the spacings between usuable CZCS orbits. A comparison was made between 7 thermal (CZCS channel 6) and pigment images. At times, the sea surface temperature expressions coincided with pigment gradients. In general, pigment imagery showed structural features not readily discernible in the thermal imagery. Development of a primary productivity algorithm was investigated using historical ground truth data on primary productivity, chlorophyll a concentration, sea surface temperature, and day length. Results indicated that, using these variables, a multiple regressions model could only describe 15% of the variability in production; therefore, a productivity algorithm was not applied to the remotely sensed pigment and thermal data. Conversion of the mean pigment concentration to production was calculated, with results ranging from 237 to 663 g C m^-2 yr^-1 depending on the regressions selected
Spatial variability of phytoplankton in relation to the distributional patterns of Krill (Euphausia superba)
No full textTypescript (photocopy).The role of krill (Euphausia superba) in influencing the spatial variability of phytoplankton is examined. Data were collected during a cruise of the S.A. Agulhas (10 February - 20 March l981) in the area between 15(DEGREES)- 30(DEGREES) east and 60(DEGREES)- 70(DEGREES) south. Krill density and swarm characteristics (number, size, and biomass) were estimated acoustically. Data on phytoplankton biomass, productivity and species composition, together with data on the physico-chemical environment were obtained from discrete water samples collected from either 7 or 8 depths between 0-100 m at a total of 37 stations. Correlation, multiple regression, and canonical analyses are applied to the station data to examine interrelationships between the variables. Phytoplankton biomass is inversely correlated with mean krill density but positively correlated with the biomass of individual swarms. A positive correlation between krill density and the relative amounts of phaeo-pigments in the > 20- m size fraction of phytoplankton suggests that krill selectively feed on larger cells. The application of spectral analysis to continuous horizontal profiles of integrated krill density, surface seawater temperature, and in vivo fluorescence reveals that, over the range of 4-20 km, the variability in phytoplankton biomass is largely determined by physical processes. However, the steepness of the fluorescence variance spectrum relative to the temperature spectrum, together with consistent coherence between the phytoplankton and krill profiles suggest that predator-prey interactions are of importance in determining the distributional patterns of the phytoplankton
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