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The growing interest of Turkey in the Middle East and North Africa: a new approach or business as usual?
No full textA review of trade liberalisation and trade between Jordan and the United States
No full textPromoting trade is a key aspect of Jordan’s development policy. As a developing country, increasing exports and maintaining a healthy balance of trade with its trading partners are amongst the government’s most important goals. The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) signed with the United States in 2000 is a cornerstone of Jordan’s foreign economic policy and a key test case for its broader policy of trade liberalisation. Yet while there is some evidence for a positive relationship between trade liberalisation, and increased bilateral trade and economic growth, this approach to development is also criticised for opening up developing markets to competition from their more advanced counterparts. This investigation argues that FTAs do facilitate bilateral trade but that states with large and advanced economies benefit more than small developing states and markets. To explore this argument, this study examines overall levels of bilateral trade between Jordan and the United States before and after the JUSFTA came into effect. Linear trendline projections are used to offer a comparison between experienced levels of trade and projected potential levels of trade based on pre-JUSFTA era data
Freshwater security, conflict and cooperation: the case of the Red Sea-Dead Sea conduit project
No full textThis study examines the challenge of freshwater security faced by Israel, Jordan and Palestine, and mechanisms for multilateral collaboration that have been developed in order to create a Red Sea-Dead Sea Conduit. This paper outlines the proposed conduit as a major collaborative project which hinges on the engagement of both state and non-state stakeholders. The argument presented here is that the feasibility and planning process has so far been successful and that the mechanisms for collaboration developed as part of this project are the reason why. Overall conclusions suggest that the importance of freshwater security and the agency of international state and non-state actors are largely responsible for these collaborative successes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Trade liberalisation in the Middle East and North Africa: promoting peace and stability
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Energy security and nuclear energy proliferation in oil-poor countries in the Middle East and North Africa
Full text linkThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is a diverse geographic space that is endowed with significant fossil fuel resources. However, the distribution of hydrocarbons is uneven, and a considerable part of the MENA lacks significant oil and natural gas deposits. These countries are disadvantaged vis-a-vis their energy-rich, regional neighbours and experience energy security risks that arise from the lack of fossil fuels. Some of these energy importers pursue nuclear energy development to mitigate their scarcity-borne energy insecurities. This study is interested in the association between resource scarcity, energy security and nuclear energy and studies specifically how energy security thinking is linked with the pursued of nuclear energy development in three oil-poor countries in the MENA. Precisely, this study analyses elite perceptions and utilises framing and securitisation analysis to ascertain the official and news media discourses on energy security and nuclear energy proliferation in Egypt, Jordan, and Türkiye. The analytical focus rests on the identification of perceptive congruence or divergence between official and news media discourses and across case study countries. One underlying assumption of this study is that perceptions that are shared by the elites and the news media coalesce to form a unified, national position. This study demonstrates how elite and news media discourses align in their understanding of energy security as primarily a function of security of supply and in their perception that nuclear energy development is primarily motivated by energy security concerns. Furthermore, this study also shows how a lack of oil resources has affected the case study countries’ energy security thinking and underlies their drive for nuclear energy development. The acquired, empirical data is used further to study noteworthy trends in the data, including Jordan’s energy independence-based energy security conceptualisation, the pro-nuclear orientation of the sampled news media discourses, or the need for co-operation in emergent nuclear energy programmes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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