1,720,956 research outputs found
Caractérisation et modélisation du bruit de basse fréquence dans les transistors bipolaires développés en technologie BiCMOS (nœud 55 nm) pour des applications RF et THz.
No full textIn this thesis, Si/SiGe:C heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) issued from BiCMOS technologies developed for RF, THz and mm-wave applications are investigated. The BiCMOS technology (B55) studied in this work is based on a 55 nm CMOS node and is compared to a previous mature generation (BiCMOS9MW) developed on a 130 nm CMOS node. The main objective of this work is to investigate the impact of X-ray and Gamma-ray irradiations on these devices through Low Frequency Noise measurements. LFN study is considered as a high sensitive and non-destructive measurement technique to investigate the technological development from a generation to another. Technological developments of the B55 technology, collector structures and Emitter-Base dopant activation techniques, are investigated on both DC and excess noises: forward Gummel plots, 1/f noise and Generation-Recombination components respectively. Compact models are extracted for the two excess noise components, the suspected areas of the associated noise sources are located at the E-B surface and periphery. The degradations induced by X-ray and Gamma-ray on both DC measurements (excess Base current) and LFN ones (1/f noise and G-R components) are examined in function of the Total Ionizing Dose (TID). The main result is the higher tolerance of the B55 technology. Moreover, by studying the effects versus base current and geometrical parameters, compact models are developed classically for 1/f noise and, in more innovative ways, for G-R component. The induced LFN sources are suggested to be located in the vicinity of the spacer and STI oxides. A healing effect after annealing processes is also brought to the fore.Durant cette thèse, des transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction Si/SiGe:C (HBTs) issus de technologies BiCMOS développées pour des applications RF, THz et mm-wave sont étudiés. La principale technologie étudiée dans ce travail, BiCMOS B55, est basée sur un nœud CMOS 55 nm et elle est comparée à une génération plus mature BiCMOS9MW développée sur un nœud CMOS 130 nm. L’objectif principal de ces travaux est d’analyser l’impact des rayonnements X et Gamma sur ces composants par des mesures de bruit basse fréquence. Le bruit basse fréquence est une technique de mesure très sensible et non destructive utilisée comme indicateur de qualité et de performance durant le développement technologique. Les effets de certains paramètres technologiques de la filière B55, comme différentes structures de Collecteur et deux techniques d’activation des dopants de la jonction Emetteur-Base, sont étudiés à la fois sur les mesures DC et sur les composantes de bruit en excès : courbes de Gummel, bruit en 1/f et composantes de Génération-Recombination. A partir de la modélisation compacte du bruit basse fréquence, les sources de bruits associées sont localisées à la surface et à la périphérie de la jonction E-B. Ensuite, les effets induits par les rayonnements X et Gamma sur les mesures DC (courant de base excédentaire) et LFN (bruit en 1/f et composantes G-R) sont étudiés en fonction de la dose ionisante cumulée (TID). Le principal résultat est la tolérance aux irradiations plus élevée de la technologie B55. De plus, l’analyse de ces effets par rapport au courant de base et aux paramètres géométriques a permis de développer des modèles compacts, de manière classique pour le bruit en 1/f et de manière plus innovante pour les composantes G-R. Il est suggéré que les sources de bruit induites par les irradiations soient situées à proximité des oxydes spacer et STI. Enfin, un effet de guérison par recuit thermique des défauts générés est également mis en évidence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
