82 research outputs found
Hydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol production
No full textHydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol production
Eko Agus Suyono1,2 and Eva Albers1
[email protected]
1Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering-Industrial Biotechnology
Chalmers University of Technology
Göteborg, Sweden
2Faculty of Biology
Gadjah Mada Unversity
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
The current exploitation of renewable natural resources for large-scale biofuel production is neither sustainable in an environmental, nor economical or social perspective. To produce sustainable raw materials, it is necessary to find an efficient way of using photosynthetic organisms to obtain a carbon neutral production of biomass to be used in the biofuel production. A highly appealing solution is the culturing of microalgae for such production. In fact, microalgae has been said to have a realistic potential as biomass source for a sustainable large-scale production of fuel bioethanol. Using marine algae, which are able to grow in sea water, will be highly advantageous because globally the freshwater supply is limited.
Since the highly complex carbohydrates are entrapped in the microalgal cell wall, it is essential to perform pre-treatment and hydrolysis steps to release these carbohydrates from the biomass and convert them into monosaccharides prior to the fermentation process. Hence, in this research we will study different methods for pre-treatment to open up the cells and a following enzymatic hydrolysis for Tetraselmis sp. The species used in this work was isolated from West Coast of Java Island in Indonesia and dilute acid exposure was used as the pre-treatment method and followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase and β-glucosidase to release fermentable sugars. The results showed that the highest glucose level of 0.02 g/l was obtained using 3% sulfuric acid (v/v) incubated at 100°C for 60 minutes. After treatment with 10 µl of Celluclast and 10 µl of Novozyme 188 (both Novozymes A/S) for 3 days, the amount of glucose released was increased to 0.16 g/l (0.06 g glucose/ g biomass) which account for 53% of its total carbohydrate content. However, further studies are needed to be done to find the best combination of sulfuric acid and enzymatic treatments in order to get optimum glucose release from the biomass of the microalgal strain
Hydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol production [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textHydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol productionEko Agus Suyono1,2 and Eva [email protected] of Chemical & Biological Engineering-Industrial BiotechnologyChalmers University of TechnologyGöteborg, Sweden2Faculty of BiologyGadjah Mada UnversityYogyakarta, IndonesiaThe current exploitation of renewable natural resources for large-scale biofuel production is neither sustainable in an environmental, nor economical or social perspective. To produce sustainable raw materials, it is necessary to find an efficient way of using photosynthetic organisms to obtain a carbon neutral production of biomass to be used in the biofuel production. A highly appealing solution is the culturing of microalgae for such production. In fact, microalgae has been said to have a realistic potential as biomass source for a sustainable large-scale production of fuel bioethanol. Using marine algae, which are able to grow in sea water, will be highly advantageous because globally the freshwater supply is limited. Since the highly complex carbohydrates are entrapped in the microalgal cell wall, it is essential to perform pre-treatment and hydrolysis steps to release these carbohydrates from the biomass and convert them into monosaccharides prior to the fermentation process. Hence, in this research we will study different methods for pre-treatment to open up the cells and a following enzymatic hydrolysis for Tetraselmis sp. The species used in this work was isolated from West Coast of Java Island in Indonesia and dilute acid exposure was used as the pre-treatment method and followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase and β-glucosidase to release fermentable sugars. The results showed that the highest glucose level of 0.02 g/l was obtained using 3% sulfuric acid (v/v) incubated at 100°C for 60 minutes. After treatment with 10 µl of Celluclast and 10 µl of Novozyme 188 (both Novozymes A/S) for 3 days, the amount of glucose released was increased to 0.16 g/l (0.06 g glucose/ g biomass) which account for 53% of its total carbohydrate content. However, further studies are needed to be done to find the best combination of sulfuric acid and enzymatic treatments in order to get optimum glucose release from the biomass of the microalgal strain
Bioethanol production from biomass of marine microalgae with yeast
No full textThe world-wide demand for renewable energy sources has put focus on the use of biomass as raw material for biofuel production. To date, plant material has been used to produce bioethanol and biodiesel from carbohydrates and lipids, respectively. Since microorganisms often have a high growth rate and can be grown on non-food producing lands, microalgal biomass has the potential to provide these compounds for production of fuels. In addition, using marine species one can avoid using limited fresh water supplies. In this research project, we aim to use biomass of marine microalgae as a carbohydrate-rich feed stock for bioethanol production by yeast. Algal species with a carbohydrate storage compound suitable for further ethanol fermentation will be identified. Since storage compounds are accumulated at nutrient limiting conditions, optimal culture conditions can be selected to obtain an algal biomass with high carbohydrate content. To achieve this, the effect of nutrient limitation and intensity of illumination on content of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins in biomass will be studied for selected marine species. In our preliminary experiments it has been found that some “carbohydrate” algal species could accumulate carbohydrates to a 2-4 times higher level at nitrogen limiting conditions compared to balanced medium. After obtaining an algal biomass with optimal composition the down-stream processing will be developed to allow efficient hydrolysis releasing fermentable sugars and subsequent fermentation by yeast
Hydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol production
No full textThe current exploitation of renewable natural resources for large-scale biofuel production is neither sustainable in an environmental, nor economical or social perspective. To produce sustainable raw materials, it is necessary to find an efficient way of using photosynthetic organisms to obtain a carbon neutral production of biomass to be used in the biofuel production. A highly appealing solution is the culturing of microalgae for such production. In fact, microalgae has been said to have a realistic potential as biomass source for a sustainable large-scale production of fuel bioethanol. Using marine algae, which are able to grow in sea water, will be highly advantageous because globally the freshwater supply is limited.
Since the highly complex carbohydrates are entrapped in the microalgal cell wall, it is essential to perform pre-treatment and hydrolysis steps to release these carbohydrates from the biomass and convert them into monosaccharides prior to the fermentation process. Hence, in this research we will study different methods for pre-treatment to open up the cells and a following enzymatic hydrolysis for Tetraselmis sp. The species used in this work was isolated from West Coast of Java Island in Indonesia and dilute acid exposure was used as the pre-treatment method and followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase and β-glucosidase to release fermentable sugars. The results showed that the highest glucose level of 0.02 g/l was obtained using 3% sulfuric acid (v/v) incubated at 100°C for 60 minutes. After treatment with 10 µl of Celluclast and 10 µl of Novozyme 188 (both Novozymes A/S) for 3 days, the amount of glucose released was increased to 0.16 g/l (0.06 g glucose/ g biomass) which account for 53% of its total carbohydrate content. However, further studies are needed to be done to find the best combination of sulfuric acid and enzymatic treatments in order to get optimum glucose release from the biomass of the microalgal strain
Hydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol production
No full textThe current exploitation of renewable natural resources for large-scale biofuel production is neither sustainable in an environmental, nor economical or social perspective. To produce sustainable raw materials, it is necessary to find an efficient way of using photosynthetic organisms to obtain a carbon neutral production of biomass to be used in the biofuel production. A highly appealing solution is the culturing of microalgae for such production. In fact, microalgae has been said to have a realistic potential as biomass source for a sustainable large-scale production of fuel bioethanol. Using marine algae, which are able to grow in sea water, will be highly advantageous because globally the freshwater supply is limited. Since the highly complex carbohydrates are entrapped in the microalgal cell wall, it is essential to perform pre-treatment and hydrolysis steps to release these carbohydrates from the biomass and convert them into monosaccharides prior to the fermentation process. Hence, in this research we will study different methods for pre-treatment to open up the cells and a following enzymatic hydrolysis for Tetraselmis sp. The species used in this work was isolated from West Coast of Java Island in Indonesia and dilute acid exposure was used as the pre-treatment method and followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase and β-glucosidase to release fermentable sugars. The results showed that the highest glucose level of 0.02 g/l was obtained using 3% sulfuric acid (v/v) incubated at 100°C for 60 minutes. After treatment with 10 µl of Celluclast and 10 µl of Novozyme 188 (both Novozymes A/S) for 3 days, the amount of glucose released was increased to 0.16 g/l (0.06 g glucose/ g biomass) which account for 53% of its total carbohydrate content. However, further studies are needed to be done to find the best combination of sulfuric acid and enzymatic treatments in order to get optimum glucose release from the biomass of the microalgal strain
The Environment, Sustainability and Universities in Indonesia: An Examination of the Nexus
No full textHydrolysis of carbohydrates in marine Tetraselmis sp by acid and enzymatic pre-treatments to obtain substrate for ethanol production
No full textThe current exploitation of renewable natural resources for large-scale biofuel production is neither sustainable in an environmental, nor economical or social perspective. To produce sustainable raw materials, it is necessary to find an efficient way of using photosynthetic organisms to obtain a carbon neutral production of biomass to be used in the biofuel production. A highly appealing solution is the culturing of microalgae for such production. In fact, microalgae has been said to have a realistic potential as biomass source for a sustainable large-scale production of fuel bioethanol. Using marine algae, which are able to grow in sea water, will be highly advantageous because globally the freshwater supply is limited. Since the highly complex carbohydrates are entrapped in the microalgal cell wall, it is essential to perform pre-treatment and hydrolysis steps to release these carbohydrates from the biomass and convert them into monosaccharides prior to the fermentation process. Hence, in this research we will study different methods for pre-treatment to open up the cells and a following enzymatic hydrolysis for Tetraselmis sp. The species used in this work was isolated from West Coast of Java Island in Indonesia and dilute acid exposure was used as the pre-treatment method and followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase and β-glucosidase to release fermentable sugars. The results showed that the highest glucose level of 0.02 g/l was obtained using 3% sulfuric acid (v/v) incubated at 100°C for 60 minutes. After treatment with 10 µl of Celluclast and 10 µl of Novozyme 188 (both Novozymes A/S) for 3 days, the amount of glucose released was increased to 0.16 g/l (0.06 g glucose/ g biomass) which account for 53% of its total carbohydrate content. However, further studies are needed to be done to find the best combination of sulfuric acid and enzymatic treatments in order to get optimum glucose release from the biomass of the microalgal strain
Bioethanol production from biomass of marine microalgae with yeast
No full textThe world-wide demand for renewable energy sources has put focus on the use of biomass as raw material for biofuel production. To date, plant material has been used to produce bioethanol and biodiesel from carbohydrates and lipids, respectively. Since microorganisms often have a high growth rate and can be grown on non-food producing lands, microalgal biomass has the potential to provide these compounds for production of fuels. In addition, using marine species one can avoid using limited fresh water supplies. In this research project, we aim to use biomass of marine microalgae as a carbohydrate-rich feed stock for bioethanol production by yeast. Algal species with a carbohydrate storage compound suitable for further ethanol fermentation will be identified. Since storage compounds are accumulated at nutrient limiting conditions, optimal culture conditions can be selected to obtain an algal biomass with high carbohydrate content. To achieve this, the effect of nutrient limitation and intensity of illumination on content of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins in biomass will be studied for selected marine species. In our preliminary experiments it has been found that some “carbohydrate” algal species could accumulate carbohydrates to a 2-4 times higher level at nitrogen limiting conditions compared to balanced medium. After obtaining an algal biomass with optimal composition the down-stream processing will be developed to allow efficient hydrolysis releasing fermentable sugars and subsequent fermentation by yeast
PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN LIPID PADA MIKROALGA Tetraselmis sp. DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI CAHAYA MERAH-BIRU DAN STARVASI NITROGEN SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI BIODIESEL
No full textTetraselmis sp. is a potential microalgae as source for biodiesel, however, its
biomass and lipid content are not optimal yet. It is reported that blue and red light
as well as Nitrogen starvation could overcome the problems. Therefore, the
research aim was to study the effect of blue and red light as well as Nitrogen
starvation to enhance the biomass and lipid content. This study used microalgae
Tetraselmis sp. grown in medium f/2 for 14 days under red light and blue light. At
7
th
day, growth medium of microalgae replaced with f/2 medium without Nitrogen
and medium f/2 with 50% nitrogen of/2 the recipe. Normal amount of nitrogen of
f/2 medium and white light were used as control. Number of microalgae cells was
counted using a haemocytometer and dry weight was taken on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and
14. Carbohydrate content was calculated by phenol � sulfuric acid method,
chlorophyll content was calculated using Jeffrey and Humphrey's trichromatic
equation taken on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14. Lipid content was calculated using nile
red staining method at day 7 and 14. The highest lipid content was found in the
starvation medium without nitrogen under blue light treatment which is 15.89%.
Red light treatment increased the number of cells up to 200%. While blue light
increased dry weight of microalgae up to 150%
Strategi rehabilitasi hutan hujan tropis: propagasi shorea leprosula unggul untuk peningkatan serapan CO₂
No full textShorea leprosula merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman indigenous Kalimantan yang mempunyai nilai komersial yang tinggi. Upaya pemanfaatan jenis tanaman ini untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan penyelamatan hutan hujan tropis telah dilakukan, di antaranya dengan pembangunan uji keturunan S. leprosula di Kalimantan Tengah dengan menggunakan materi genetik yang berasal dari pohon-pohon plus. Hasil evaluasi awal dari uji tersebut sudah menunjukkan bahwa beberapa famili memiliki pertumbuhan yang jauh lebih baik dibandingkan yang lain, yaitu riap DSH sebesar4-5 cm/tahun. Untuk itu penelitian mengenai teknik propagasi ini perlu dilaksanakan agar dapat menghasilkan materi bibit bergenetik unggul secara massal dalam kegiatan rehabilitasi hutan hujan tropis dengan kaitannya sebagai penyerap C0₂. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbanyak tanaman S. leprosula hasil pemuliaan yang mempunyai ciri ciri unggul, yaitu mempunyai pertumbuhan yang terbukti lebih cepat melalui propagasi vegetatif melalui dua pendekatan baik propagasi mikro (dengan kultur jaringan) maupun makro (dengan stek pucuk). Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengambilan pucuk dari tanaman S. leprosula terseleksi dari tanaman uji keturunan umur 4 tahun di lapangan. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan teknik untuk merejuvenasi jaringan dari tanaman dewasa.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk propagasi makro, pengambilan materi untuk stek pucuk dari pohon induk dengan DSH 15 cm (umur 3,5 tahun) yang paling bagus adalah nodus ketiga dan ke empat dari pucuk daun (batang relatif sudah berkayu). Dosis ISA yang diberikan untuk pengakaran stek pucuk adalah 100 ppm dengan menggunakan serbuk gergaji yang telah disterilkan.
Persen keberhasHan pengakaran adalah 30-40% yang diamati setelah 2,5-3 bulan pengakaran. Untuk propagasi mikro langkah awal yang perlu diatasi adalah kontaminasi. Dalam hal ini eliminasi bakteri (dengan Rifampicin 25mg/ml) dan jamur (dengan Oiphenokonazol 0,25mg/l) dalam medium kultur berhasil dilakukan. Eksplan memberi respon pertumbuhan dalam medium MS berupa pembentukan kalus di daerah perlukaan. Kalus terbentuk sangat lambat akibat pencoklatan (browning). Sampai dengan waktu 2 bulan pengamatan belum menunjukkan respon yang berbeda terhadap pemberian Zat pengatur Tumbuh NAA dan BA pada konsentrasi 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 mg/L. Hasil propagasi secara makro dan mikro ini selanjutnya akan dikembangkan menjadi kebun pangkas untuk keperluan pengembangbiakan secara massal dan murah untuk kegiatan rehabilitasi hutan hujan tropis Indonesia
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