1,720,953 research outputs found
Ein Ausbildungscurriculum über die ultraschall-gesteuerte Punktion der Vena Subclavia mittels Micro-Convex-Schallkopf
Get PDFMit der ultraschallgesteuerten Punktion der Vena subclavia (VSC) zur Etablierung eines zent-ralvenösen Katheters (ZVK) sind viele Ärzte oft nur wenig vertraut. An den Kliniken fehlt es an formalen Ausbildungsprogrammen zur Erlernung dieser Technik. Eine spezielle Microcon-vex-Sonde (MCS) bietet aufgrund ihrer kompakten konvexen Form zusätzliche Vorteile. Die Microconvex-Inplane-Subclavian-Puncture (MISP)-Technik führt die Vorteile der MCS und einer in-plane Punktion für ZVK-Anlagen in die VSC zusammen. Um ein unproblematisches, risikofreies Üben der Punktionstechnik zu ermöglichen, werden Phantome benötigt, die äußerst teuer und kaum verfügbar sind. Ein evaluiertes standardisiertes Curriculum zur Erlernung der MISP-Technik fehlte bis dato.
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit lag in der Entwicklung eines standardisierten simulationsbasierten Cur-riculums, welches nachweislich die theoretischen und praktischen Kompetenzen der Teilneh-mer im Umgang mit der MCS zur Punktion der VSC mittels MISP-Technik sowie grundlie-gende Kenntnisse über die Anwendung von ZVKs verbessern soll. Darüber hinaus sollte ge-zeigt werden, dass die MISP-Technik auch für unerfahrene ZVK-Anwender einfach zu erlernen ist. Am Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes in Homburg wurden mehrere Kursveranstaltungen durchgeführt, wobei die Teilnehmer, größtenteils Anästhesisten, als Probanden für eine pros-pektive Beobachtungsstudie dienten. Der Kurs bestand aus einem theoretischen sowie einem praktischen Teil. Als Hauptzielgrößen wurden bei den Teilnehmern Ergebnisse in Wissenstests, Punktescores sowie benötigte Zeiten bei Schall- und Punktionsübungen vor und nach Kursab-solvierung erfasst. Als Nebenzielgröße wurden dabei Unterschiede zwischen den Ergebnissen erfahrener und unerfahrener ZVK-Anwendern betrachtet. Für die Punktionsübungen wurde ein anatomisches Phantom entwickelt, welches den Kursteilnehmern ein kostengünstiges und rea-litätsnahes Üben der Punktion von VSC mittels MCS ermöglichen sollte. Insgesamt wiesen die Probanden nach Absolvierung der jeweiligen Kursabschnitte signifikant verbesserte theoreti-sche Kenntnisse, einen verbesserten praktischen Umgang mit der MCS zur VSC-Punktion und bessere Punktionsfähigkeiten auf. Nach Kursabsolvierung fanden wir nahezu keinen signifi-kanten Unterschied zwischen erfahrenen und unerfahren ZVK-Anwendern. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Erlernung der MISP-Technik mit diesem Curriculum effektiv und auch für unerfahrene ZVK-Anwender geeignet ist.Many doctors are unfamiliar with ultrasound-guided puncture of the subclavian vein (SCV) to establish a central venous catheter (CVC). Hospitals lack formal training programmes for learn-ing this technique. A special microconvex probe (MCS) offers additional advantages due to its compact convex shape. The microconvex in-plane subclavian puncture (MISP) technique com-bines the advantages of the MCS and an in-plane puncture for CVC insertions in the SCV. In order to enable easy, risk-free practice of the puncture technique, phantoms are required, which are extremely expensive and rarely available. An evaluated standardised curriculum for learn-ing the MISP technique has been lacking to date.
The aim of this work was to develop a standardised simulation-based curriculum that would demonstrably improve the theoretical and practical skills of participants in handling the MCS for puncturing the SCV using the MISP technique as well as basic knowledge about the use of CVCs. In addition, the aim was to demonstrate that the MISP technique is easy to learn even for inexperienced CVC users. Several courses were held at the Saarland University Hospital in Homburg, with the participants, mostly anaesthetists, serving as subjects for a prospective ob-servational study. The course consisted of a theoretical and a practical part. The main outcome measures were the participants' results in knowledge tests, point scores and the time required for ultrasound and puncture exercises before and after completing the course. Differences be-tween the results of experienced and inexperienced CVC users were considered as a secondary objective. An anatomical phantom was developed for the puncture exercises to enable the course participants to practise the puncture of SCV using MCS in a cost-effective and realistic manner. Overall, the participants showed significantly improved theoretical knowledge, im-proved practical handling of the MCS for SCV puncture and better puncture skills after com-pleting the respective course sections. After completing the course, we found almost no signif-icant difference between experienced and inexperienced CVC users. The results indicate that learning the MISP technique with this curriculum is effective and also suitable for inexperi-enced doctors
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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