1,721,021 research outputs found
Introducing Machine Learning Using Robots - Design and Integration of Simple Neural Networks and the Q-learning Algorithm in the Robot Simulation Environment of Open Roberta Lab, Accompanied by the Development, Testing, and Evaluation of Complementary Teaching Materials
No full textThe following masters thesis provides an approach to introducing machine learning to students using the block-based programming language NEPO in combination with educational robotics. The target group of the research study are students from primary to high school, representing beginners without any previous knowledge of machine learning. After analysing the guidelines and methods for the introduction of machine learning in schools, as well as concrete proposals for artificial intelligence school curricula, the author identified a large discrepancy between the requirements for introducing the topics of supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning in schools and the solutions currently available on the educational landscape to do so. Most of the approaches which are currently available either remain a black box or are inaccessible to young students. In order to close this discrepancy, and following the ideas of constructionism, the author developed three approaches to introduce machine learning using robots: (1) The Neural Network Playground which allows the user to experiment with simple neural networks, (2) The Q-learning Playground which enables the student to tinker with the Q-learning algorithm, (3) An unplugged activity introducing the k-means algorithm that makes the unsupervised learning tangible. The author accompanied all approaches with a curriculum and a series of learning materials. She then conducted and evaluated a user study with 24 children from primary, middle, and high school. The results underline the practical feasibility of the approaches: the children of all age groups perceived the topics as interesting and ranging from very easy to moderately hard to grasp. Thus, the research study proposes a solid concept for the introduction of machine learning to beginners which fundamentally differs from the currently available approaches and enriches the educational landscape
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sound, Ink, Bytes: Geographical Information through the Centuries
Full text linkThis article is based on research carried out as part of the author s PhD studies at the Department of Digital Humanities, King s College, London, and is concerned with the processes of creating and changing texts through different mediums. This article takes the Schnitler protocols, a study commissioned by the Danish government on Norwegian-Swedish/Finish border relations, as an example through which to examine the relationship between different documents, oral, written, print, and digital, and the stylistic and content changes that were likely introduced through each of the transformations from one medium to another
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Vom Speziellen ins Generische und wieder zurück - Wie fachspezifisch muss ein FDM-Zentrum sein?
No full textDas Zentrum für nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement an der Universität Hamburg ist die zentrale Anlaufstelle zu allen Fragen des FDMs und der Forschungsinformation für alle Fakultäten der Universität. Es ist personell und organisatorisch aus dem Projekt "Geisteswissenschaftliche Infrastruktur für Nachhaltigkeit" (gwin) hervorgegangen, das ein entsprechendes Angebot (nur für den Bereich des FDMs) für die geisteswissenschaftliche Fakultät konzipiert und etabliert hat. Dort konnten aus einer Erhebung unter den Professoren, den Kontakten zu den Geisteswissenschaftlern und der konkreten Arbeit – insbesondere in der Kuration von Forschungsanwendungen – Bedarfe und Anforderungen identifiziert werden, die für die geisteswissenschaftliche Domäne typisch zu sein, und die sich in domänenspezifische Workflows und Best Practices übersetzen ließen. Die Erweiterung des Fokus auf weitere Fakultäten und Fächer und die damit einhergehende zusätzliche Menge an zu kuratierenden Daten und Anwendungen hat uns dazu gezwungen, stärker nach Gemeinsamkeiten als nach Spezialitäten in der Struktur der Daten unterschiedlicher Fächer zu suchen. Insbesondere bei der reinen Datenkuration, also der Aufbereitung von Forschungsdaten für die langfristige Speicherung und Nachnutzung, sind wir auch fündig geworden. In diesem Beitrag soll daher die Frage gestellt (und sicher nicht vollständig beantwortet) werden, wie spezialisiert Services für das Forschungsdatenmanagement auf die Bedarfe von Fächer- und Fachcommunities zugeschnitten sein müssen, ohne den dafür nötigen Aufwand in absurde Höhen zu treiben
Wie komme ich zu einer Forschungsdatenmanagement-Strategie? Eine Antwort gibt das DIAMANT-Modell
No full textDas DIAMANT-Modell wurde im Rahmen des BMBF-geförderten Projekts "Prozessorientierte Entwicklung von Managementinstrumenten für Forschungsdaten im Lebenszyklus" (PODMAN) entwickelt. Das grundsätzliche Ziel des Modells besteht darin, Forschungseinrichtungen strategische Instrumente bereitzustellen, um Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM)-Technologien und -Services aufbauen, pflegen, optimieren und/oder weiterentwickeln zu können. Auf diese Weise wird es Forschenden erleichtert, für ihre Projekte möglichst einfach eine FDM-Strategie zu entwickeln und umzusetzen. Das DIAMANT-Modell besteht aus dem FDM-Referenzprozess, der den gesamten FDM-Prozess und die zugehörigen Akteur:innen darstellt und ihren Grad der Beteiligung / Verantwortung an einem FDM-Prozessschritt benennt. Ein weiterer Bestandteil des Modells ist die FDM-Kompetenzmatrix. Sie dient der IST- / SOLL-Analyse, um den Referenzprozess auf den eigenen konkreten Anwendungsfall (z. B. die eigene Institution, Abteilung oder Forschergruppe) übertragen zu können. Die Visualisierung der Prozesse mit Hilfe der ARIS Geschäftsprozessmodellierung erleichtert zu dem die Kommunikation zwischen den Beteiligten und hilft dabei Schnittstellenprobleme zu identifizieren. Der Vortrag wird anhand eines konkreten Beispiels exemplarisch vorführen, wie das DIAMANT-Modell angewendet wird und dabei die Kernelemente, ihre Zusammenhänge und Wirkung erläutern
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