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Multi-analytical approach to the study of the glyptic collection of the Musei di Arte Antica of the Municipality of Ferrara (Italy)
No full textIdentifying the use of Iron age pottery from Tepe Sagzabad (Iran): Results from the first analysis of pottery residues
No full textThe Qazvin plain located in the northwestern part of the central plateau of Iran. Three major prehistoric sites (Tepe) lie on the plain: Zagheh, Ghabristan, and Sagzabad. The site of Tepe Sagzabad includes the most important evidences from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age III or even the historical period and was also located along the main eastern-western trade route on the Iranian Plateau. One of the main objectives of the recent excavations at this historical site, was to focus on the intact Iron Age III in this site, and to learn more about the condition of these layers. 2.5 hectares of geophysical surveying were completed prior to excavation. Thereafter, the trenches 5 and 6 were opened. Trench 6 was started at a size of 3 x 10 meters and following the appearance of
the architectural features, it was extended to the dimensions of 12 x 5 meters. The context associated with a kiln structure (6006 and 6004) which was found in the east and center of this trench in different dimensions. Both structures are similar, and traces of heat are obvious in their context and sections. These two structures were filled with diverse accumulations. Within the studied context (6006), there was an assemblage of heated soils, ash, and veins of charcoal in orderly and layered manner. To determine the function of this kiln, other special finds in trench
6 were examined. The large, extraordinary oval-shaped pottery was identified in this context 6006, but unfortunately, the lower part of the object has been destroyed, though possibly the whole vessel could be 75 cm
high.
The difference between this pottery and other pottery was its unusual form. The closed-head form of pottery
(knob-shaped) with two handles evokes a pot lid, and a hole (5 cm) is set in the center of the upper part to be used
as a spout and possibly a reed as a tube. The shape and size of this unusual pottery and the position of the spout
allow assuming that to work as a traditional alembic, comparable to the modern from copper made versions. In
particular, the comparison with the Iranian tradition at the rosewater festival, which still uses similar equipment to
extract rosewater and essential oil, made possible the function of this extraordinary pottery as part of a distillation
apparatus. Moreover, findings from Assyrian seals in the Segzabad site indicate cultural interaction between these
two regions and it can be assumed that ancient knowledge such as distillation came to this region from
Mesopotamia.
To preliminarily investigate and identify the application of this pottery, five powdery samples were taken
from the inner and from lower part of the pottery. Based on the results obtained from microscopic observations,
SEM-EDS analysis and micro-Raman spectroscopy studies, this study will provide information that can be used
to identify the residue inside the pottery and also its possible applicatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Petrographic study of the Bronze Age ceramics from Shahr-I Sokhta in east of Iran
No full textThe Shahr-i Sokhta (The Burnt City) is a Bronze Age archaeological site in east of Iran with several stages
of settlements. A large number of pottery shred and excavated ceramics of this site shows its importance during
fourth to second millennium BC. Based on the color of body-paste of found ceramics in Shahr-i Sokhta, they
are classified into three “Red”, “Grey” and “Buff” ware groups. An analysis of the microstructure and chemical
composition of these three groups is the main purpose of this study. To do so, nine samples (three for each
group) were subjected to observation by optical microscope and then their thin sections were analyzed by PLM,
micro XRF and SEM-EDX to investigate any differences of raw materials from which these ceramics were
produced. The results demonstrated that both Red and Grey ware ceramics have similar compositions with
high amount of Fe and difference of their color is most probably because of different kiln atmosphere in which
the potteries were produced. On the other hand, the high percentage of Ca in the Buff ware samples showed
this type of ceramics are made with another type of raw material; different source or prepared deliberately.
Moreover, PLM and SEM studies illustrated there wasn’t any cover layer on these ceramics, and, a paste with
fine particles created all the bodies. Also, the percentage of organic additions shamot in the body of Grey and
Buff samples are low while in the Red ware ceramics it is totally absent
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Natural zeolitic tuff in combination with struvite precipitation technology improved nutrient recovery in anaerobically digested wastewater
No full textNatural zeolitic tuff in combination with struvite precipitation technology improved nutrient recovery in anaerobically digested wastewater
No full textRaw materials procurement strategies at the Ciota Ciara cave: New insight on land mobility in north-western Italy during Middle Palaeolithic
No full textThe importance of the Ciota Ciara cave for the understanding of the Middle Palaeolithic peopling of Piedmont (north-western Italy) is known since the 60s but it is just since 2009 that systematic and multidisciplinary archaeological excavations are ongoing at the site. In this region, studies about Palaeolithic are quite underdeveloped and the proposed research represents the first attempt to understand Middle Palaeolithic land mobility in the region. The lithic assemblage found is composed by 7046 artefacts and different raw materials are involved in the production of lithic artefacts. Vein quartz is the main exploited raw material in all the archaeological layers followed by spongolite, a local variety of chert, and by a better-quality grey/black flint. For these rocks the reduction sequences are complete while other raw materials are sporadically attested all along the sequence (opal, jasper and milonite) and probably exploited out of the site. Rhyolite and radiolarite are present in different proportions in all the archaeological levels and are represented almost exclusively by retouched tools and by small flakes belonging to the reshaping or re-sharpening of the tools' edges. The proposed research focuses on the identification of the supply areas of lithic raw materials in order to define the land mobility of the human groups that inhabited the cave during Middle Palaeolithic. The study involves both local and allochthonous raw materials to understand the mobility range on a local and sub-regional scale. Starting from the idea of evolutionary chain, a specific methodology has been developed for vein quartz, aimed at the identification of the most probable secondary sources exploited. For all the raw materials, field works and lab analysis (stereomicroscope observations, Scanning Electron Microscopy and μ-XRF analysis) have been set up. The results obtained show that several local primary and secondary deposits were exploited, located at few hundred meters from the site. Vein quartz was collected in secondary deposits at the base of the mount while rhyolite comes from secondary deposits located at about 2 km in a straight line from the site. Radiolarite was instead collected within deposits located at distance between 20 and 30 km from the Ciota Ciara cave giving the chance to formulate reliable hypothesis on the seasonal mobility of the Middle Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers of the Ciota Ciara cave
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