1,720,961 research outputs found
Evaluation of diverse potentials in the genus anthocleista: a short communication on the panacea towards exploiting and optimizing anthocleista species
No full textThe continual inquiry and the curiosity of man for natural plant products has become a premise for the exploring strategies involved in understanding and obtaining required plant materials and their component. Review of several studies by scientists and researchers have shown that plants species such as Anthocleista species have relatively some amount of constituents called “the active ingredient or principle’’ produced by the plants. These are called metabolites which vary in constituent and concentrations. These extract or metabolites are located in stem barks, leaf, fruit and roots. Firstly, the review is aimed at adding value to the natural utility variables with the objectives of evaluating the Anthocleista species for their phytochemicals and non-phytochemicals potentials as a means for their exploitation. Secondly substantiating in qualitative terms the potential attribute of Anthocleista species found in parts of Nigeria for effective diversification and as a sure way to optimizing their resources. Information and data gathering was based on the phytogeographical occurrence and distribution of the species, (websit-internet sources), Floras, Botanical annals, Monographs, journal articles, and herbarium documentation. The review and assessment of existing literatures revealed that Anthocliesta among its therapeutic potentials as antimicrobial agent, medicine, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic agent could also be a potential source of anti-corrosion agent and environmental bio-indicator. Therefore, it can be concluded that the continuous evaluation and research in Anthocliesta species and its potential in human affairs can never be over emphasized and / or undermined for further evaluation.Keywords: Anthoclesita species, Antimicrobial agent, hypoglycemia agent, antioxidant, industrie
Morphological characters, occurrence and distribution among members of the family Solanaceae in parts of the Niger Delta Ecological Zone
Get PDFThis study investigated a comparative micro-morphological features of 14 species in the family Solanaceae, using trichome and stomatal complements in delimitation of species and genera within the taxon, family. The genus Solanum L. is the largest among the genera in Solanaceae. Solanum aethiopicum Linn. Solanum macrocarpon Linn. Solanum torvum Swartz. Solanum anomalum Thonn. Solanum erianthum D. Don, are covered with stellate trichomes. While Solanum nigrum Linn., Solanum lycopersicum Linn., Solanum incanum Linn., Datura spp., Schwenckia spp., Capsicum spp., Physalis spp. have simple uniseriate trichomes. S. aethiopicum Linn. S. torvum Swartz. S. lycopersicum Linn, and Physalis micrantha Linn, revealed higher trichome indices. In most species, these trichomes are not visibly observed with the naked eyes. While in some others such as in S. torvum and S. lycopersicum the trichomes are observable on the plants. Glandular hairs are also present in Solanaceae. Stomata is amphistomatic, types commonly observed are: anisocytic and anomocytic, while paracytic and tetracytic stomata are sometimes revealed in stem epidermis in Solanaceae. The usefulness of trichome and stomatal complements in species and generic taxa are recommended as pertinent characters for classification in Solanaceae and their density may vary from one ecological zone to another.Keywords: Solanaceae, Solanum, Stomata, trichomes, Complements, Comparativ
Evaluation of phytoremediation potential of Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Heyne Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit. and Crotolaria retusa Linn for waste oil contaminated soils
Get PDFAn ecological study was carried out to evaluate remediation potential of three hydrocarbon tolerant species (Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Heyne, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit., and Crotolaria retusa Linn) of Fabaceae plant family in relation to enzyme activity for cleaning up soils contaminated with waste oil hydrocarbon. Biochemical analyses were carried out using classical standard procedures to assess the level of enzyme expression in relation to hydrocarbon index assessment in remediation performance through a holistic test of significance using the PROC ANOVA and Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) procedures. Enzyme expression, oil removal and organic carbon sequestration of the species and the species treated soils showed that in pre-polluted soil foliar enzyme expression in the order Cr>Ll>Pp was high but reduction in post-polluted and post-phytoremediation soils in the order Cr>Ll>Pp. Generally, among species Peroxidase (POD) was higher in activity and expression than Polyphenoloxidase (PPO). The oil and grease recorded a lower content in the pre-pollution soil which increased in content in post-pollution with increase in pollution. However, the impact of phytoapplication has shown some significant (p<0.05) reduction in L. leucocephala soil in the order Ll<Pp<Cr but higher foliar content among the species in the order Ll>Pp>Cr at low enzyme expression in which P. pterocarpum had higher carbon content in the order Pp>Cr> Ll. The pre-pollution soil had a significantly lower carbon than post-polluted soils. The impact of phytoremediation has shown reduction in carbon content with P. pterocarpum treated soil significantly lower in content in the order Pp<Cr< Ll and higher foliar content in the order Pp>Cr> Ll. Thus by the forgoing trajectories and trend of indigenous enzymes, P. pterocarpum and L. leucocephala can thus be recommended as an integral component in any bioremediation technology package for waste oil polluted terrestrial environment.Keywords: Peroxidase, Polyphenoloxidase, Organic carbon, Oil & grease, Phytoapplicatio
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Content (TPH) As an Index Assessment of Macrophytic Remediation process of a Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Environment
Get PDFA short-term ecological study was carried out to comparatively evaluate
the phytoremediation potential potential of two leguminous plant
species. This aimed at quantifying residual TPH as index for assessing
a post-phytoremediated crude oil contaminated soil. Plant and soil
analysis were carried out using the photometric method of American
Petroleum Institute (API). Result has shown that Leucaena leucocephala
treated soil at various (0, 25, 50, & 100mls) levels of pollution
had TPH (mg/kg) content of 75.33±38.42, 151.00±94.00,
169.33±102.20 and 196.00±115.00 while Bauhinia monandra
soil recorded 92.00±12.00, 166.00±82.30, 276.00±51.20,
391.00±143.20. The soil TPH value is also in relation to the
quantity accumulated in the species, which has shown L. leucocephala
with higher level and low soil level and vice versa in B. monandra.
This apparently indicated that both species could be applied in a
phytoremediation exercise. Leucaena leucocephala tend to have more
sustained potential for hydrocarbon accumulation and could be evaluated
for its efficacy as a tool in phytoremediation exercise for cleaning up
hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Thus could be good prospect in
remediation environmental quality programme. @ JASE
Geospatial assessment of 32-year changes in vegetation cover of some mangal-rainforest ecotone in parts of Asarama, Andoni, Rivers State.
Get PDFThe use of geospatial technologies, especially the GIS, has been helpful in monitoring and detecting changing patterns in various vegetation zones. The present study on Asarama study location site was on the basis that land use ecology of anthropogenic and natural influences have constantly led to changes in the vegetation ecotypes with attendant depletion and destruction in the study area. The study was aimed at evaluating the feasibility and use of geospatial tools in assessing these changes within the varying vegetation ecotypes (mangrove, ecotone and rainforest) spanning over 32 years at 16 -year intervals. Results of the 1986 Landsat imagery revealed maximum vegetal trend condition across the vegetation ecotypes that were impacted by anthropogenic activities (farming, logging, deforestation, road/bridge construction and urbanisation) with consequent vegetal cover change, loss and depletion as depicted in 2002 and 2018 Landsat imagery, exemplified in the normalised difference of vegetation index (NDVI) and normalised difference of build-up index (NDBE). The greener parts in the NDVI reflecting a higher value showing a healthy vegetal cover and the blue parts of NDBI with high reflectance values revealed areas of anthropogenic influence alterations. This, by implication, signifies the measure of the vegetation health condition and anthropogenic alteration, respectively
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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