411 research outputs found
Paw-paw trees
No full textMan standing under tall paw-pwa trees, heavily laden with fruit.Edwards, Marjory.Date:192
Talisman or Curse: Cultural Distortion in Horror Narrative of “The Monkey’s Paw”
No full textIn the famous horror short story “The Monkey’s Paw” (1902) by British author William Wymark Jacobs, the monkey’s paw, a talisman from colonial India, is given a sinister and bizarre cultural connotation and becomes a “curse” for the Whites. Drawing on concepts related to postcolonial studies, this dissertation focuses on the social and cultural symbolism of the Monkey’s Paw in the story, comparing its connotation in Indian culture with the connotation in the Oriental imagination by Jacobs. It analyzes how Jacobs uses the horror narrative to distort Indian culture, thereby revealing the dominant discourse of imperialist cultural hegemony over the East in British literature
Mitigation of cross contamination of E.coli TVS 353 using PAW during washing of baby spinach leaves.
No full textNon thermal plasma is an emerging technology with potential application in microbial decontamination of fresh produce. In this study the mitigation of cross contamination between a spinach leaf contaminated by E. coli TVS 353 and uncontaminated leaves during washing using plasma activated water (PAW) was investigated. The specific objectives of the research were as follows: i.To evaluate the effectiveness of PAW against E. coli TVS 353 in a planktonic system.ii.To study the effectiveness of PAW for a single spinach leaf and a synthetic leaf, spot inoculated with E. coli TVS 353.
iii.To investigate the efficacy of PAW in mitigating cross contamination during washing of baby spinach leaves. The PAW was generated by exposing sterile distilled water to the atmospheric pressure plasma jet and was characterized in terms of pH and electrical conductivity. In the planktonic system study, 0.1 mL of the initial inoculum containing 10.28 CFU/ml was added in 500 mL of PAW. Maximum reduction of 1.8 ±0.10 log CFU/ml was observed after 20 min suggesting that some inactivation of E. coli TVS 353 is possible due to the reactive species found in the plasma activated water.When a single leaf inoculated at 9.20 CFU/leaf was immersed in 500 mL of PAW and agitated for 20 min, it resulted in microbial recovery of 4.26 ± 0.03 log CFU/leaf from the synthetic and 4.94 ± 0.60 log CFU/leaf from real baby spinach leaf. Overall, the inactivation of the micro-organism was more difficult in a real baby spinach leaf compared to a synthetic leaf as the synthetic leaf lacked the biological structure and texture of a real spinach leaf.
The cross-contamination study involved one inoculated real baby spinach leaf having 9.35 log CFU/leaf and ten baby spinach leaves. After agitation all eleven leaves in PAW for 10 min, bacterial recovery from the inoculated leaf was 4.30 ± 0.15 log CFU/leaf and uninoculated leaves the maximum bacterial recovery was 3.09 ±0.54 log CFU/leaf on average. After increasing the exposure time to 20 min, after agitation in PAW, the bacterial recovery from the inoculated leaf was 4.07 ±0.28 log CFU/leaf whereas from the uninoculated leaves the maximum bacterial recovery was 4.17 ± 0.19 log CFU/leaf on average. When agitation was done in sterile distilled water (SDW) for 10 min, the microbial recovery from the inoculated leaf was 6.37 ±0.07 log CFU/leaf and from the uninoculated leaves were 4.14 ±0.14 log CFU/leaf on average. After increasing the exposure time to 20 min, the microbial recovery from the inoculated leaf was 5.92± 0.55 CFU/leaf and from the uninoculated leaves was 4.48 ±0.54 log CFU/leaf on average.
Based on these results, PAW was more effective in inactivating and reducing the bacterial transfer compared to the SDW, thus reducing the cross contamination. But when comparing the results for exposure time of 10 min and 20 min for PAW treatment, the cross contamination in uninoculated leaf was reduced substantially to 3.09 log CFU/ml average leaf whereas for 20 min the uninoculated leaf had a recovery of 4.17 log CFU/ml average leaf, suggesting that at higher exposure time (20 min) microbes were either reattaching or were difficult to inactivate.M.S.Includes bibliographical reference
An Analysis of Figurative Language Elements upon an American Short Story Entitled “The Monkey’s Paw
No full textThis article describes the study of semantic in a specified domain of figurative language upon a selected work of American English literature, in form of short story written by the renowned writer and author, William Wymark Jacobs, entitled as ‘The Monkey’s Paw’. Several objectives are deduced by the researcher in quest of finding the forms of this figurative language within the passage. Briefly, figurative language itself is a feature of every languages, which emphasized the use of expression to symbolize a different meaning from the usual literal interpretation. In our analysis of ‘The Monkey’s Paw’, the varieties of figurative language: Metaphor, Personification, Hyperbole, Symbolism, also another terms used to represent unusual words construction or combination such as Onomatopoeia, Idiom, and even Imagery, are discussed in order in relation with true meaning discovery behind each figurative language properties.</jats:p
An Analysis of Figurative Language Elements upon an American Short Story Entitled “The Monkey’s Paw
No full textThis article describes the study of semantic in a specified domain of figurative language upon a selected work of American English literature, in form of short story written by the renowned writer and author, William Wymark Jacobs, entitled as ‘The Monkey’s Paw’. Several objectives are deduced by the researcher in quest of finding the forms of this figurative language within the passage. Briefly, figurative language itself is a feature of every languages, which emphasized the use of expression to symbolize a different meaning from the usual literal interpretation. In our analysis of ‘The Monkey’s Paw’, the varieties of figurative language: Metaphor, Personification, Hyperbole, Symbolism, also another terms used to represent unusual words construction or combination such as Onomatopoeia, Idiom, and even Imagery, are discussed in order in relation with true meaning discovery behind each figurative language properties
Photo-assisted wet (PAW) etching for laser fabrication
No full textModern day technology uses discrete optical components including laser diodes and integrated electronic circuits. Fabricating an etched mirror laser is one of the major tasks to realize integrated optics. While dry etching is the most widely accepted process to fabricate optoelectronic devices, wet etching has potential advantages including lower cost, smoother surfaces, and faster etching rate. However typical wet etching does not provide a viable alternative for the demanding process of fabricating vertical side walls with low lateral etch rates. The application of the wet etching to the production of vertical sidewalls has been a significant problem for several decades.
The primary accomplishments of the research consists of developing processes, apparatus, and models for the Photo-Assisted Wet (PAW) etching that uses light directed perpendicular to the surface of a wafer in order to alter the typical crystal-plane etching and thereby control the sidewall profile. The new techniques demonstrate integrated laser mirrors in III-V laser heterostructure. These mirrors achieve as high as 93% of the reflectance of the cleaved mirror with negligible dependence on the crystal orientation.
The research explores the PAW etching process using both coherent (lasers) and incoherent (LEDs) illumination for different types of materials including bulk GaAs and III-V laser heterostructure. The effects of different wavelengths, intensities and wafer masking structures are investigated. Specific combinations control the sidewall profile and etching characteristics to produce on-demand etch-stop layers and sidewall angles ranging from 0 to 90o. Laser heterostructure etched with coherent illumination shows unexpected results for heterostructure including non-uniform etch depth linked to the masking materials and surface density of excess carriers.
New apparatus was designed and applied to the PAW etching for the fabrication of III-V devices. The apparatus has in-situ, real-time systems including (i) an optical system to expand, filter and dither the etching beam, (ii) a pulsed-laser wet etch monitor to determine the etch depth, rate, formation of surface microstructure and transition layers in a preselected region of the sample (iii) a steady-state photoluminescence (PL) monitor with CCD array and Photo Detector (PD) to provide (2-D) spatially-resolved and integrated measurements of PL during the etching.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 256-264)by Eun-Hyeong Y
„Zobaczyć raz stronę świata jasną” (the review of Dorota Maslowska’s book Paw królowej, Ed. Lampa i Iskra Boża, Warszawa 2005)
No full textDorota Maslowska’s book Paw królowej is written in the conwention of a song (hip hop song). Original form and interesting contents make this book read very quickly. The author touches upon many problems which are close to people living in contemporary world, e.g. alcoholism, unemployment, manipulations in media, stereotypes. The language of the book is overloaded with vulgar words and the novel, as a whole, is very pessimistic
Dorota Masłowska’s vulnerability in the face of the “second novel syndrome” as a theme in "Paw Królowej" [The Queen’s Peacock]
No full textBasing on the example of Paw królowej [The Queen’s Peacock], the article presents the manner in which Dorota Masłowska problematizes her own situation and position in the world of (pop) culture after the spectacular success of her debut novel White and Red. The paper defines the category of vulnerability and uses it to determine the subject position of the author. Female characters in the book are treated as metaphorical incarnations of Dorota Masłowska, reflecting her emotions related to her vulnerable position
Control of transitions between locomotor-like and paw shake-like rhythms in a model of a multistable central pattern generator
No full text The ability of the same neuronal circuit to control different motor functions is an actively debated concept. Previously, we showed in a model that a single multistable central pattern generator (CPG) could produce two different rhythmic motor patterns, slow and fast, corresponding to cat locomotion and paw shaking. A locomotor-like rhythm (~1 Hz) and a paw shake-like rhythm (~10 Hz) did coexist in our model, and, by applying a single pulse of current, we could switch the CPG from one regime to another (Bondy B, Klishko AN, Edwards DH, Prilutsky BI, Cymbalyuk G. In: Neuromechanical Modeling of Posture and Locomotion, 2016). Here we investigated the roles of slow intrinsic ionic currents in this multistability. The CPG is modeled as a half-center oscillator circuit comprising two reciprocally inhibitory neurons. Each neuron is equipped with two slow inward currents, a Na+ current ( INaS) and a Ca2+ current ( ICaS). ICaS inactivates much more slowly and at more hyperpolarized voltages than INaS. We demonstrate that INaS is the primary current driving the paw shake-like bursting. ICaS is crucial for the locomotor-like bursting, and it is inactivated during the paw shake-like activity. We investigate the sensitivity of the bursting regimes to perturbations, using a pulse of current to induce a switch from one regime to the other, and we demonstrate that the transition duration is dependent on pulse amplitude and application phase. We also investigate the modulatory roles of the strength of various currents on characteristics of these rhythms and show that their effects are regime specific. We conclude that a multistable CPG is physiologically plausible and derive testable predictions of the model. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Little is known about how a single central pattern generator could produce multiple rhythms. We describe a novel mechanism for multistability of bursting regimes with strongly distinct periods. The proposed mechanism emphasizes the role of intrinsic cellular dynamics over synaptic dynamics in the production of multistability. We describe how the temporal characteristics of multiple rhythms could be controlled by neuromodulation and how single pulses of current could produce a switch between regimes in a functional fashion. </jats:p
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