172 research outputs found
"Quotidiennete" in the writings of Adalbert-G. Hamman (1910-2000) : the existential concern of a twentieth-century patristic scholar
No full textIn this short communication, the author presents Hamman's analysis and patristic treatment of the lives of early Christians. Hamman's mastery is evident from the familiarity he shows with the social ambience in which the Fathers lived. In fact there are two works by Hamman which more than any others provide contemporary scholars and readers with an impressive body of data to ponder upon and an encouraging ideal to follow.peer-reviewe
Correction to: BRG1 regulation by miR-155 in human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines.
No full textFollowing the publication of the original article the author listed as Antonio Herrera contacted the Publisher to state that his correct and full name is Antonio Herrera-Merchan. Antonio Herrera-Merchan has agreed to the publication of this erratum
Gestorwe geliefdes, die herkonstruksie van die selfnarratief in doodsbloei met verwysing na die rol van die mite van Orfeus en Euridike daarin
No full textTrauma shatters a person's existing self-narrative, especially trauma experienced after the loss of a loved one. "Turning one's life into a narrative is a vital way of finding meaning" (Van der Merwe & Gobodo-Madikizela, 2007:2); thus by writing a narrative after experiencing trauma using scriptotherapy, a form of narrative therapy, the author can strive to reconstruct his self-narrative. Scriptotherapy entails "the process of writing out and writing through traumatic experience in the mode of therapeutic reenactment" (Henke, 1998:xii). The myth of Orpheus and Eurydice - as the generic representation of a story of the loss of a loved one and its accompanying grief - can play a role in this reconstruction, whether it is done consciously or subconsciously. This myth serves as a framework of analogy, guiding the author in the process of reconstructing his self-narrative through the narrator, as is the case in Pieter Boskma's Doodsbloei (2010). This article aims to provide the reader with evidence from Doodsbloei that scriptotherapy serves a useful purpose in working through traumatic loss. However, it seems that the process of writing plays a bigger part in working through the traumatic loss of the narrator in Doodsbloei than the reconstruction of the self-narrative itself. In the end, only words prevail. Thus the narrator tries to save his loved one (and himself) through writing
Urban sustainability governance and social transactions in France
No full textRelecture par Jean-Yves BartSustainability and governance become allied imperatives, associating hierarchical and non-hierarchical arrangements, in two main ways: (1) they are modes of societal regulation involving a wide range of actors at different levels; and (2) often at the same time, they set a political agenda, advocating for instance a soft ecological move associated to economic growth, i.e. for the benefit of certain social groups rather than others. This perspective reintroduces both a political (legitimacy) and a dynamic (socio-ecological processes) dimension – the two being often disconnected in traditional analyses of “global governance” – in order to understand the practical arrangements produced and experienced by the various urban actors and social groups. Change is thus the product of both hierarchical and non-hierarchical dynamics that are always transitional (ever-ongoing processes) and transactional (always partial practical compromises, negotiated step by step). The demonstration rests on the example of seven large French urban areas – Bordeaux, Lille, Lyon, Montpellier, Nantes, Strasbourg and Toulouse - and presents a synthesis of the empirical sociological investigations which the author has carried out
'Fides quaerens intellectum practico-socialem' in the Writings of Adalbert-G. Hamman (1910-2000): Some Footnotes to the Pro-existential Attitude of the Fathers
No full textThe author of the article -- a qualified Hamman scholar and researcher -- delves into one of the most characteristic features of this French patristic scholar who was an expert on Christian antiquity and on early Christian prayer. This study highlights the relationship which binds together the Christian vocation and daily life, as evidenced in the writings of Adalbert-G. Hamman, particularly his vies quotidiennes. Hamman's findings are then applied to sacramental theology, particularly sacramental orthopraxis. The influence of Hamman's Franciscan vocation and spirituality on his long academic mission is also studied.peer-reviewe
Hamman's syndrome (spontaneous pneumomediastinum presenting as subcutaneous emphysema): A rare case of the emergency department and review of the literature
No full textPneumomediastinum is a rare clinical entity that concerns the clinicians in the emergency department. We present a case of a patient with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (Hamman's syndrome) that presented to our hospital's emergency department with cervical subcutaneous emphysema. A conservative treatment with observation was performed. The patient after 24 hours of observation was discharged with a suggested follow-up. © 2017 The Author
Impact of anti-Influenzae vaccination on morbidity and mortality due to respiratory diseases among population in Brazilian capital Federal District
No full textDissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, 2008.Em 1998, a Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal (DF) incorporou ao Programa de Imunização a vacina contra pneumonia, a Pneumo 23-valente, para população alvo de 60 anos e mais. No Brasil, em 1999, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) realizou a primeira Campanha Nacional de Vacinação contra a Influenza, para a população de 65 anos e mais, almejando uma redução da morbimortalidade por doenças respiratórias. Desde então, a Campanha Nacional de Vacinação é realizada uma vez por ano, geralmente nos meses que antecedem o inverno (abril e maio), período de ocorrência do pico sazonal das infecções respiratórias agudas. A partir do ano 2000, a vacinação foi ampliada para a faixa etária > 60 anos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da vacina contra influenza no comportamento da morbidade hospitalar e da mortalidade por doenças respiratórias na população de 60 anos e mais do DF, comparando os períodos antes (1995 a 1998) e depois da intervenção (1999 a 2006) para
morbidade e para a mortalidade (1990 a 1998) e (1999 a 2005). Métodos: foram utilizadas as bases de dados do Sistema de Informação de
Internação Hospitalar (SIH/SUS) e do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade
(SIM/SUS), ambas do DATASUS/ MS. As doenças respiratórias selecionadas para o estudo (DRS) foram aquelas cuja morbi-mortalidade pode ser reduzida com a vacina contra a influenza. Para o cálculo dos coeficientes de mortalidade e morbidade utilizou-se as estimativas de população de idosos fornecidas pelo IBGE para os respectivos anos. Calculou-se a proporção de óbitos e internações por DRS e a letalidade. Foram comparadas as médias de números absolutos (de
internação e óbitos) e dos coeficientes entre os períodos anterior e posterior à
intervenção vacinal e as possíveis associações foram testadas. Dados complementares de cobertura vacinal (administrativa) e isolamento viral foram
utilizados. Resultados: as médias de internação e os respectivos coeficientes de morbidade não mostraram mudanças significativas depois da introdução da vacina. As médias de óbitos e os coeficientes de mortalidade também não se mostraram significativamente alterados após a intervenção. As análises comparativas entre
homens e mulheres e entre faixas etárias de idosos também não mostraram diferenças significativas nos riscos. No período pré-vacinação, o coeficiente de letalidade para a população idosa com DRS, variou de 25,0 a 33,4% (média = 30,7; mediana = 32,2). Nos anos posteriores à intervenção, de 1999 a 2005, os coeficientes variaram entre 17,7 e 28,6 (média = 22,0; mediana = 21,3). Tal
resultado mostrou significância estatística (teste de Kruskal Wallis; p=0,014). Dados operacionais da vacinação mostraram que as coberturas administrativas foram altas para a vacinação contra influenza e para pneumo-23, apesar das variações na última. Dados complementares mostraram que houve circulação de cepas de vírus da influenza não contidos na composição vacinal. Discussão: Os resultados desse estudo evidenciam que a partir do segundo ano de campanha de vacinação contra a influenza, os coeficientes de internação por doenças respiratórias em idosos do DF apresentaram redução, limitada aos três anos seguintes. Com relação à mortalidade, a análise ano a ano mostra que, em 2000, nos meses de maio, junho, setembro e outubro, os índices se localizaram abaixo do limite mínimo (comparação com a mediana mensal e intervalos
interquartil dos coeficientes de mortalidade do período pré-vacinal). Observa-se comportamento semelhante em maio de 2001; maio e junho de 2002 e maio e setembro de 2003. Exceto o ano 2003, nos demais, os valores nos meses de novembro a fevereiro (seguinte ano) ultrapassaram o limite máximo esperado. Frente aos achados desse trabalho, estudos adicionais de base sobre as condições epidemiológicas e ambientais locais, bem como de coberturas vacinais
reais devem ser realizados, com vista a possíveis mudanças nas estratégias de
prevenção da influenza e suas complicações para os idosos do DF. Conclusão: os resultados demonstram que a diminuição dos coeficientes de internação e de mortalidade por DRS nos idosos do DF, além de não ter se
mantido, teve um impacto muito limitado. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTIn 1998, the Health Secretariat of the capital Federal District – Brasília (DF)
implemented within the National Immunization Program the vaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia using Pneumo 23-valente vaccine, targeting individuals aged 60 and more. In 1999, the Brazilian Ministry of Health carried out the 1st National Vaccination Campaign against influenza, for elderly citizens aged 65 years old and more aiming a reduction in morbidity and mortality due to
respiratory diseases. Since that year, the campaign is being performed once a year, in general during the months previous to the winter (april and may), which is the period of seasonal increase in acute respiratory infections. Since 2000, vaccination target is the population above 60 years old. This study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of influenza vaccination on epidemiological indicators of hospital morbidity and population mortality due to respiratory diseases in the population above 60 years old of Brasilia-DF. We compared the periods before (1995 a 1998) and after intervention (1990 a 1998) e (1999 a 2006). Methods: we used the data bases of Brazilian Information System on Hospital inpatient Care (SIH/SUS) and Brazilian Information System on Mortality
(SIM/SUS), both under the Ministry of Health. We selected some respiratory diseases whose morbidity and mortality may be improved as a result of influenza prevention (selected respiratory diseases - SRD) for morbidity and mortality rate calculations. We also used estimates of elderly population provided by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for the years under scrutiny. We calculated the proportion of SRD hospitalization and deaths (case-fatality rate). For impact estimation we compared the means of absolute numbers (of hospitalization and deaths) and the respective population rates between the
periods before and after intervention; possible associations were tested. Complementary data on administrative vaccination coverage and viral isolation are
presented. Results: means of hospitalization and the corresponding morbidity rates failed to show significant changes after vaccination introduction. Means of deaths due to SRD and mortality rates did not either change significantly. Comparative analysis between men and women and among elderly age groups did not demonstrate any
significant difference regarding risks. During the pre-vaccination period, case
fatality rate for elderly people already with SRD varied from 25.0 to 33.4% (mean =
30.7; median = 32.2). During the post-vaccination period, that rate’s range was 17.7 – 28.6 (mean = 22.0; median = 21.3). This result was statistically significant (Kruskal Wallis test; p=0.014). Operational data on vaccination demonstrated that administrative coverage was high for influenza vaccine whereas pneumo-23 showed great variability. Complementary data showed that viral strains not included in the vaccine composition circulated during the post-intervention period. Discussion: Results point to a reduction in hospitalization rate starting on the second year of vaccination campaign although limited to the three following years. Regarding mortality, each year analysis shows that, in 2000, rates are below the minimum expected for May, June, September and October (compared to the month median and interquartile intervals of mortality rates for the pre-vaccination period). A similar trend is observed for the months of May / 2001; May and June / 2002; and May and September / 2003. Mortality risk figures show an increase beyond the maximum expected during the months of November to February
except for the year 2003. These results point to the necessity of additional studies taking in account our method’s limitations, information quality, and the fragilities of surveillance system for respiratory diseases. A final demonstration of the real impact of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination will be possible with reliable information, with an opportune respiratory disease surveillance system and with additional studies focusing epidemiological and environmental local conditions as well as vaccine coverage surveys. Conclusion: These results demonstrate a decrease in the rates of hospitalization and mortality among elderly population due to respiratory disease did not maintain the initial trend having therefore limited impact.Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FS)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúd
Perfil epidemiológico da Raiva Humana no Brasil, 2000 – 2017
No full textDissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, 2018.Introdução: Desde a década de 1970, o Brasil vem alcançando significativos avanços
na prevenção da raiva humana. Ainda assim, registram-se casos esporádicos, sendo
um importante problema de saúde pública. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil
epidemiológico da raiva humana no Brasil, no século XXI. Métodos: Estudo descritivo
retrospectivo do tipo série de casos de raiva humana registrados de 2000 a 2017. Foi
calculada a taxa de incidência de raiva na população. Resultados: Foram registrados
188 casos humanos, predominando homens (66,5%); residentes em áreas rurais
(67,0%) e menores de 15 anos de idade (49,8%); a mordedura foi a exposição mais
frequente (81,6%). A maioria dos casos (85,6%) ocorreu no período de 2000-2008,
45,7% envolvendo cães e 43,6% morcegos hematófagos. Destes, 85,1% decorreram
de cinco surtos ocorridos em populações ribeirinhas do norte do país, entre 2004 e
2005. De 2009 a 2017, foram registrados 27 casos (14,4%); destes, 40,7% envolveram
agressão por cães, 29,6% morcegos, 14,8% macacos e 11,1% gatos. O período de
incubação mediano foi 50 dias (mín 11-máx 290) e predominaram sinais clínicos de
febre (92,6%), agitação (85,2%), parestesia (66,7%), disfagia e paralisia (51,9%).
Houve confirmação laboratorial em ~80,0% e 24,0% tiveram identificação da variante
viral, predominando Agv3 de morcego, três deles transmitidos por gato. Do total,
~30,0% fizeram profilaxia inoportuna com pelo menos uma dose vacina, em média, 44
dias após a exposição. Desde a implantação do protocolo de Recife, 2008, foram
tratados 13 pacientes e dois deles sobreviveram. Conclusão: Houve declínio na taxa
de incidência. É necessária análise de risco de populações vulneráveis à espoliação de
morcegos hematófagos para implantação da profilaxia de pré-exposição antirrábica. A
profilaxia pós-exposição precisa melhorar e também rediscutir o protocolo de Recife.Introduction: Since the 1970s, Brazil has achieved significant advances in the
prevention of human rabies. Nevertheless, there are sporadic cases, being rabies an
important public health problem. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological profile of
human rabies in Brazil in the 21st century. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of
the series of cases of human rabies recorded from 2000 to 2017. The incidence rate of
rabies in the population was calculated. Results: There were 188 human cases,
predominantly men (66.5%); residents in rural areas (67.0%) and children under 15
years of age (49.8%); the bite was the most frequent exposure (81.6%). The majority of
cases (85.6%) occurred in the period 2000-2008, 45.7% involving dogs and 43.6%
hematophagous bats. Of these, 85.1% occurred from five outbreaks in riverside
populations in the north of the country between 2004 and 2005. From 2009 to 2017,
there were 27 cases (14.4%); of these, 40.7% involved dog aggression, 29.6% bats,
14.8% monkeys and 11.1% cats. The median incubation period was 50 days (min 11-
max 290) and clinical signs of fever (92.6%), agitation (85.2%), paraesthesia (66.7%),
dysphagia and paralysis were predominant (51, 9%). There was laboratory confirmation
in ~ 80.0% and 24.0% had identification of the viral variant, predominating bat Agv3,
three of them transmitted by cat. Of the total, ~ 30.0% did untimely prophylaxis with at
least one vaccine dose, on average, 44 days after exposure. Since the implementation
of the Recife protocol, 2008, 13 patients were treated and two survived. Conclusion:
There was a decline in the incidence rate. It is necessary to analyze the risk of
populations vulnerable to the spoliation of hematophagous bats for implantation of anti-
rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis. Post-exposure prophylaxis needs to improve and
rediscover the Recife protocol.Introducción: Desde la década de 1970, Brasil hay alcanzado significativos avances
en la prevención de la rabia humana. Sin embargo, se registran casos esporádicos,
siendo un importante problema de salud pública. Objetivos: Describir el perfil
epidemiológico de la rabia humana en Brasil, en el siglo XXI. Métodos: Estudio
descriptivo retrospectivo del tipo de casos de rabia humana registrados de 2000 a
2017. Se calculó la tasa de incidencia de rabia en la población. Resultados: Se
registraron 188 casos humanos, predominando hombres (66,5%); residentes en áreas
rurales (67,0%) y menores de 15 años de edad (49,8%); la mordida fue la exposición
más frecuente (81,6%). La mayoría de los casos (85,6%) ocurrieron en el período
2000-2008, el 45,7% involucrando perros y el 43,6% murciélagos hematófagos. De
estos, el 85,1% se produjo de cinco brotes ocurridos en poblaciones ribereñas del norte
del país, entre 2004 y 2005. De 2009 a 2017, se registraron 27 casos (14,4%); de
éstos, el 40,7% involucró agresión por perros, 29,6% murciélagos, 14,8% monos y
11,1% gatos. El período de incubación mediano fue de 50 días (mín 11-max 290) y
predominó signos clínicos de fiebre (92,6%), agitación (85,2%), parestesia (66,7%),
disfagia y parálisis (51, 9%). Se observó una confirmación de laboratorio en el 80,0% y
el 24,0% tuvo identificación de la variante viral, predominando Agv3 de murciélago, tres
de ellos transmitidos por gato. Del total, el 30,0% hizo profilaxis inoportuna con al
menos una dosis vacuna, en promedio, 44 días después de la exposición. Desde la
implantación del protocolo de Recife, 2008, fueron tratados 13 pacientes y dos de ellos
sobrevivieron. Conclusión: Hubo declinación en la tasa de incidencia. Es necesario un
análisis de riesgo de poblaciones vulnerables a la expoliación de murciélagos
hematófagos para la implantación de la profilaxis de preexposición antirrábica. La
profilaxis post-exposición necesita mejorar y también rediscutir el protocolo de Recife.Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FS)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiv
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