1,720,955 research outputs found
Dynamiques identitaires anciennes et actuelles chez les Aché du Paraguay oriental : éléments de compréhension
Get PDFDynamiques identitaires anciennes et actuelles chez les Aché du Paraguay oriental : éléments de compréhension. À partir d’une ethnographie débutée en 1986, l’auteur analyse les moteurs de l’affirmation identitaire, explorant les représentations du soi et de l’autre chez les Aché du Paraguay oriental, qui ont su résister notablement, au long de leur histoire, à l’assimilation par les Guarani. Après la fixation forcée dans des réserves sous tutelle missionnaire, parachevée en 1978, les découpages géopolitiques ont été remplacés par une nouvelle compartimentation de cette société nomade en colonies permanentes et indépendantes. La perte des territoires ancestraux a désarticulé l’unité sociopolitique ache gatu, consubstantielle à l’identité ethnique des groupes du Sud et du Nord. Le retour des captifs élevés parmi les Blancs a, lui aussi, transformé les contours sociologiques de la colonie sédentaire et compliqué la connaissance des Aché et des enjeux contemporains. Néanmoins, le processus de résurgence ethnique et de revendication territoriale, observable à partir de 2000, révèle que les quatre derniers sous-groupes aché gatu ont su dépasser leurs différences linguistiques et culturelles traditionnelles – sans pour autant y renoncer – pour se fédérer en 2008 et s’affirmer comme un peuple en soi et pour soi.Dinámicas identitarias antiguas y actuales entre los aché del Paraguay Oriental: elementos de comprensión. Sobre la base principal de una etnografía iniciada en 1986, el autor analiza los mecanismos de la afirmación identitaria, explorando las representaciones de sí y del otro entre los aché del Paraguay Oriental, que supieron resistir notablemente, a lo largo de su historia, a la asimilación por los guaraníes. Después de la fijación forzosa en asentamientos bajo tutela misionera, completada en 1978, las divisiones geopolíticas han sido sustituidas por una nueva compartimentación de esta etnia nómada en colonias permanentes e independientes. La pérdida de los territorios ancestrales desarticuló la unidad sociopolítica ache gatu, consustancial a la identidad étnica de los grupos sureños y norteños. El retorno de los cautivos criados entre los blancos ha transformado, también, los contornos sociológicos de la colonia sedentaria, complicando el conocimiento de los aché y de sus desafíos contemporáneos. Sin embargo, el proceso de resurgimiento étnico y reivindicación territorial, observable a partir del 2000, revela que los cuatro últimos subgrupos aché gatu supieron superar sus diferencias lingüísticas y culturales tradicionales – sin renunciar a éstas – para federarse en 2008 y afirmarse como un Pueblo en sí y por sí.Keys to understanding ancient and current identity dynamics among the Ache of Eastern Paraguay. Based on fieldwork begun in 1986, the author analyses the driving forces behind Aché self-assertion, exploring the conceptions of self and other of this Eastern Paraguayan group of tupi speakers who have repeatedly and successfully resisted assimilation by the Guarani. Following forced settlement in Mission-run reservations which was completed in 1978, older geopolitical segmentations were replaced by a new distribution of this nomadic society in permanent and independent colonies. Loss of ancestral territory dismembered the former socio-political unit, ache gatu, which was a crucial component of ethnic identity for the Southern and Northern groups. The return of people raised as captives among the Whites also had a great sociological impact, adding complexity to Aché knowledge and the challenges that awaited them. However, resurgence of ethnic and territorial claims, apparent since 2000, led to the federation, in 2008, of the four last remaining ache gatu sub-groups, who managed to retain yet supersede their traditional linguistic and cultural differences to assert themselves as one People, in itself and for itself
Paraguay – De la scierie à la réserve écologique : quel devenir pour les Aché, ex-nomades forestiers du Paraguay oriental ?
Get PDFLes derniers nomades aché de la forêt subtropicale ont été spoliés de leurs territoires, entre 1970 et 1978, déplacés puis fixés définitivement dans des réserves. Ces anciens chasseurs-cueilleurs, dont la population avoisine aujourd’hui les 1 300 personnes, se regroupent en sept communautés localisées au sein de quatre départements du Paraguay oriental (Canindeyú, Alto Paraná, Caaguazú, Caazapá). Au cours des trois dernières décennies, leur mode de vie ancestral – intimement intégré à la forê..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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