39 research outputs found
Viral Infections Associated with Anemia
No full textBackground: Anemia is a serious blood disorder characterized by the bone marrow's inability to produce new blood cells, which can be either acquired or inherited. Exposure to viral infections can lead to anemia, including diseases caused by parvovirus B19, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, varicella-zoster virus, and SARS-CoV-2. While these infections are often subclinical in immunocompetent individuals, they can become critical and cause anemia in high-risk populations, such as immunocompromised individuals or those with underlying conditions like sickle cell disease, particularly in infants and pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: The search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 2000 to 2024.The primary search string was: ("anemia" OR "erythroid aplasia") AND ("virus" OR "viral infection"), "Parvovirus B19", "Human Immunodeficiency Virus" OR "HIV", "Hepatitis C Virus" OR "HCV", "SARS-CoV-2" OR "COVID-19", "Varicella-Zoster Virus" OR "VZV", "Cytomegalovirus" OR "CMV", and "Epstein-Barr Virus" OR "EBV".
Results: Viral infections are important causes of anemia, through various mechanisms. Parvovirus B19 causes aplastic anemia by targeting red blood cell precursors, while HIV leads to anemia through chronic disease. Hepatitis C causes anemia via bone marrow suppression. SARS-CoV-2 disrupts iron metabolism through inflammation. Other viruses like CMV mainly cause anemia in immunocompromised patients.
Conclusion: This article aims to review the evidence regarding virus-induced anemia, detailing mechanisms such as erythroid progenitor cytotoxicity, chronic inflammation, and treatment-related haemolysis. Diagnostic strategies, ranging from serological assays to pathognomonic bone marrow findings, are discussed to assist laboratory science professionals and clinical specialists in diagnosing, treating, and managing patients with anemia
Assessing the Biological Markers of MiRNA-9 and 192 Expression Levels in Cervical Cancer
No full textBackground:
Various risk factors thought to impact cervical cancer progression. One way these factors influence cancer development is through changes in the microRNA’s expression, which are small, non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules around 20–23 nucleotides long. In cervical cancer, specific miRNAs, notably miRNA-9 and miRNA-192, are gaining attention as potential clinical biomarkers.
Materials and Methods:
RNA was extracted from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I, II, and III (CIN I, CIN II, and CIN III) tissues, as well as their adjacent normal tissues, to compare the expression levels of miRNA-9 and miRNA-192 as potential biomarkers. The extracted RNAs were then converted to cDNA for evaluation using quantitative PCR (qPCR).
Results:
Pathological analysis revealed that 80% of patients with cervical cancer and CIN III tissues were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, while the proportions for adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma were 13.4% and 6.6%, respectively. Our data indicated a significant increase in the expression of miRNA-192-5p (P < 0.05) in 15 cervical cancer and CIN III tissues compared to CIN I and CIN II. Similarly, miRNA-9 expression was also elevated in cervical cancer and CIN III tissues relative to CIN I and CIN II.
Conclusions:
miRNA-9 and miRNA-192 may serve as promising biomarkers for cervical cancer, given their elevated expression levels in the both cervical cancer and CIN III tissues. This expression pattern implies that they could aid in detecting early stages of cervical cancer progression, potentially improving early diagnosis and monitoring. However, further studies are essential to confirm these preliminary findings and validate their clinical relevance
The Inhibitory Effects of Lactobacillus Reuteri’s Cell Wall on Cell Proliferation in the HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line
No full textBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third and a second common cancer in men and women respectively in the world and about 1.4 million new cases diagnosed in 2012. The normal gut microflora consists of bacterial species. One group of them is probiotics, which confer a health benefit to the host. Lactobacillus reuteri (L.reuteri) is known as a probiotic, which lead to the prevention of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus reuteri’s cell wall on cell proliferation in the colorectal cancer HCT-116 cell line.Materials and Methods: The cells of HCT-116 cell line were grown at 37ᵒC, 5% CO2. L.reuteri was obtained from the Iranian Biological Resource Center and cultured in the MRS Broth at 37ᵒC for 48h anaerobically. The cell wall was prepared by the freezing-thawing procedure. So the inhibitory effect of L.reuteri on the growth and proliferation of HCT-116 cells was assessed by MTT assay.Results: The cell wall from L.reuteri inhibited cell proliferation on colorectal cancer HCT-116 cell line. It showed dose- and –time dependent inhibition.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that cell wall of L.reuteri inhibits cell proliferation of HCT-116 cell line
