1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Das Smartphone-Nachrichtenmenü : eine explorative Mehrmethoden-Studie zur Nutzung journalistischer Nachrichten mit dem Smartphone von deutschen Studierenden im Alter von 18-29 Jahren.
No full textBei dieser Dissertation handelt es sich um eine Mehrmethoden-Studie im Bereich der Mediennutzungsforschung. Es wird darauf abgezielt, mit dem methodologischen Leitbild der Triangulation eine Nutzer-Typologie von Smartphone-basierten journalistischen Nachrichten explorativ zu identifizieren und in Form von Nachrichtenmenüs zu illustrieren. Nachrichtenmenüs werden als Verknüpfung von theoretischen Konzepten betrachtet, die die Zuwendung eines Smartphone-Nutzers zu einer journalistischen Nachricht Typologie-basiert aufzeigt und die typenspezifische Nutzung deskriptiv beleuchtet. Die dafür untersuchte Grundgesamtheit entspricht in Deutschland ansässigen Smartphone-Nutzern, die zum Start der Feldphase im Jahr 2016 ein Lebensalter zwischen 18 und 29 Jahren erreicht haben, Deutsch als Muttersprache beherrschen, studieren oder vor Kurzem ihr Studium erfolgreich beendet haben und ein internetfähiges Smartphone besitzen. Hieraus wird eine systematische Stichprobe von 141 typischen Fällen gezogen. Die Befunde fußen auf Daten von 128 ausgewerteten Fragebögen, 1.026 Smartphone-Tagebucheinträgen sowie zwei Gruppendiskussionen mit insgesamt 16 Diskussionsteilnehmern. Das Datenmaterial erhebt nur im weitesten Sinne Anspruch auf Repräsentativität, da es nicht auf einer Zufallsstichprobe der Grundgesamtheit jugendlicher Smartphone-Nutzer mit akademischem Hintergrund fußt.
Mit dem methodologischen Leitbild der Triangulation wird das Forschungsziel aus verschiedenen Perspektiven beleuchtet und mit unterschiedlichen Methoden der Datenerhebung und -auswertung bearbeitet. Dazu werden Ergebnisse mit quantitativen Auswertungsverfahren, wie hierarchisch-agglomerativen Ward-Clusteranalysen, Kruskal-Wallis- und Dunn-Bonferroni-Tests sowie multinomialen logistischen Regressionen (mlR) generiert und mit Daten von Gruppendiskussionen inhaltlich angereichert und vertieft. Diese werden mittels zusammenfassender Qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse (QI) nach Mayring (2015) und einem qualitativen Typologisierungsverfahren frei nach Meyen/Löblich/Pfaff-Rüdiger et al. (2011) ausgewertet. Die quantitativen und qualitativen Daten werden aufeinander bezogen und dadurch validiert. Als Resultat entsteht eine empirisch belastbare, motivbasierte Typologie von vier Smartphone-Nutzertypen, deren Nachrichtennutzung auch inhaltlich beschrieben und in Form von Nachrichtenmenüs illustriert werden kann. Bei den vier identifizierten Nutzertypen handelt es sich um Typ 1, „Die sporadischen Nachrichtennutzer“ (n1 = 27 Probanden, 21,30 Prozent), Typ 2, „Die Smartphone-Allrounder“ (n2 = 19 Probanden, 15,00 Prozent), Typ 3, „Die sozial kompetenten Identitätsformer“ (n3 = 44 Probanden, 34,60 Prozent), und Typ 4, „Die Nachrichtenaffinen“ (n4 = 37 Probanden, 29,10 Prozent).
Als theoretischer Rahmen wird der Uses-and-Gratifications-Ansatz (U&G-Ansatz) gewählt. Die getesteten Motive fußen auf von Katz/Gurevitch/Haas (1973) definierten Kategorien sozialer und psychologischer Funktionen der Massenmedien. Die objektspezifischen Einflussfaktoren basieren auf dem Vier-U-Ansatz (z.B. bei Junglas/Watson 2006; Pitt/Parent/Junglas et al. 2011; Jain/Roy 2016) und die medieninhaltsbezogenen Einflussfaktoren auf Ereignis- und Darstellungsfaktoren von Fretwurst (2008). Die auf den Motiven und Einflussfaktoren basierende Nutzertypologie wird um Nutzungsaspekte ergänzt. Dazu werden typenspezifisch bevorzugte Nachrichtenkanäle, -quellen und -themen, Interaktionsformen und andere Nutzungsaspekte getestet, identifiziert und den Nutzertypen zugeordnet.
Insgesamt entsteht in der vorliegenden Studie das Bild, dass der Stellenwert nutzerzentrischer Motive sowie medieninhaltsbezogener oder objektspezifischer Einflussfaktoren zwischen den Nutzertypen bzw. ermittelten Clustern variiert. Dennoch zeigen die Befunde, dass die Nutzung Smartphone-basierter Nachrichten nicht von einem exklusiven Motiv oder Einflussfaktor solitär bestimmt wird, sondern stets von einem Zusammenspiel verschiedener Motive/Einflussfaktoren. Die Konstitution von Nachrichtenmenüs als beobachtbares Smartphone-Nutzungsverhalten der vier Typen scheint dabei wesentlich von zwei Faktoren abzuhängen: der Einstellung gegenüber (ggü.) dem Endgerät Smartphone und derjenigen ggü. journalistischen Nachrichten. Mit Blick auf die Motivportfolios der vier Nutzertypen liegt nahe, dass Smartphone- und Nachrichtenaffinität zwei gegensätzliche Pole darstellen. Medieninhaltsbezogene Einflussfaktoren sind in Nutzertyp 1 und 2 schwach ausgeprägt, dafür umso stärker objektspezifische Einflussfaktoren. Bei Nutzertyp 3 und 4 ist dies umgekehrt. Für diese Nutzertypen haben aber auch andere Medien zum Konsum journalistischer Nachrichten eine hohe Bedeutung. Relativierend sei angemerkt, dass eine Dichotomie zwischen Nachrichteninteresse und geringer Smartphone-Affinität auf der einen Seite sowie einer hohen Smartphone-Affinität mit geringem Nachrichteninteresse auf der anderen Seite nur dahingehend gelten kann, dass nach den Befunden der vorliegenden Studie die Ausprägung der beiden Pole die Zusammensetzung von Nachrichtenmenüs zu beeinflussen scheint und somit in einem heterogenen Mediennutzungsverhalten einer an sich homogenen Gruppe deutscher Studenten resultiert. Sie entscheidet jedoch nicht darüber, ob die untersuchte Stichprobe Smartphone-basierte Nachrichten überhaupt nutzt. So werden journalistische Nachrichten von allen vier Typen, und somit von deutschen Studierenden im Alter von 18 bis 29 Jahren, mit dem Smartphone genutzt.This doctoral dissertation is a multimethod research project on media usage. Its purpose is to explore a typology of the use of journalistic news with the smartphone and to illustrate it with so called news menues. This is accomplished by exploiting triangulation as methodological approach. News menues are considered as an interrelation of different theoretical concepts. With this comprehensive view, news menues are able to reveal typology-based motives and influencing factors of using the smartphone and to describe its usage resulting from them. To do so, a population of German students between 18 and 29 years is examined by drawing a deliberate sample of n = 141 study participants. They are able to speak German fluently, are enrolled in a study programme in Germany or recently graduated from a German university and own a smartphone to access the internet. The research results are based on the analysis of 128 standardised questionnaires, 1.026 smartphone-diary entries and two group dis-cussions with 16 participants. The data material is only representative in a broader sense, as it is not based on a random sample of the population of adolescent smartphone users with an academic background.
The research objective is examined with different theoretical perspectives and using diverse methodes of data collection and data analysis by exploiting the methodological approach of triangulation. Data from hierarchical agglomerative Ward-cluster analyses, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn-Bonferroni tests as well as multinomial logistic regression results are combined and enriched with data from group discussions. These group discussions are explored with the qualitative content analysis of Mayring (2015) and a qualitative method to create typologies of Meyen/Löblich/Pfaff-Rüdiger et al. (2011). Content validation is accomplished by interrelating quantitative and qualitative data. As a final result the research project generates an empirically resilient typology of smartphone users based on their predominating using motives and influencing factors. Typical usage aspects are illustrated with the news menues. Conjoint data indicate four types of smartphone news users that are labeled as the „sporadic news users“ (type 1, n1 = 27 participants, 21,30 percent), „smartphone allrounder“ (type 2, n2 = 19 participants, 15,00 percent), „sociable searches for identity“ (type 3, n3 = 44 participants, 34,60 percent) and „news addicts“ (type 4, n4 = 37 participants, 29,10 percent).
The uses-and-gratifications approach is used as theoretical frame to test different motives based on Katz/Gurevitch/Haas’s (1973) categories of mass media functions. In addition influencing factors deriving from the smartphone as well as from journalistic news are tested. These factors are the four U-constructs ubiquity, uniqueness, unison, and universality (e.g. Junglas/Watson 2006; Pitt/Parent/Junglas et al. 2011; Jain/Roy 2016) and Fretwurst’s (2008) news factors. The typology of smartphone users is based on their predominating motives and influencing factors. Furthermore it combines these factors and motives with characteristic usage aspects of each type such as news engagement and favoured news sources or topics for example. Overall the findings indicate that the influence of each tested motive and factor is different between the four types. Nevertheless the research results show, that the use of smartphone news is not defined by only one exclusive motive or influencing factor, but instead by an interplay of different motives and factors, that is characteristic for each type. News menues are a result of that and their composition seems to be mainly dependent from two aspects: The attitude towards the smartphone on the one hand and the attitude towards journalistic news on the other hand. Regarding the interplay of motives and influencing factors of each of the four types, these two aspects seem to be opponents. The influence of news factors on the smartphone usage is low for the „sporadic news users“ and the „smartphone allrounder“, whereas the influence of factors deriving from the smartphone is high. For the „sociable searches for identity“ and „news addicts“ it’s the other way round. It should be mentioned though, that the opposition of these aspects only leads to a different composition of news menues and to a heterogeneous media usage of an assumingly homogeneous group of German students. The two aspects do not influence in general, if the smartphone is used to consume journalistic news or not. It can be clearly pointed out, that – including all four types of smartphone users – German students aged 18 to 29 do use the smartphone for journalistic news in principle
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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