1,721,122 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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Identifying Novel Genomic Variants in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Adults
No full textHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening disorder of immune system overactivation that occurs in familial (primary) and acquired (secondary) forms. While primary HLH is caused by inherited mutations in genes that regulate cellular immunity, secondary HLH usually occurs in the setting of infection, malignancy, or autoimmune disease and may be diagnosed at any age, including well into adulthood. Although these two forms of HLH have historically been regarded as distinct entities, evidence suggests that a subset of adults with HLH may in fact harbor an underlying genetic predisposition. In this study, a cohort of 88 adult patients with HLH were interrogated for germline genetic variants associated with primary HLH as well as somatic variants associated with clonal hematopoiesis (CH). Among the 17 germline genes sequenced, 7 variants in 18 patients were considered to be disruptive based on in silico model predictions. Among the 80 patients for whom somatic variant analysis was performed, CH with a variant allele frequency (VAF) greater than 0.02 was identified in 21 patients. The rate of disruptive germline variants and somatic variants associated with CH were found to be enriched relative to control populations. Overall, the results suggest that germline variants likely do not drive HLH in adults and that CH is more common in adults with HLH, although whether this represents a causal relationship remains unclear
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Deletion of ribosomal protein genes is a common vulnerability in human cancer, especially in concert with
Full text linkHeterozygous inactivating mutations in ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) are associated with hematopoietic and developmental abnormalities, activation of p53, and altered risk of cancer in humans and model organisms. Here we performed a large‐scale analysis of cancer genome data to examine the frequency and selective pressure of RPG lesions across human cancers. We found that hemizygous RPG deletions are common, occurring in about 43% of 10,744 cancer specimens and cell lines. Consistent with p53‐dependent negative selection, such lesions are underrepresented in TP53‐intact tumors (P ≪ 10⁻¹⁰), and shRNA‐mediated knockdown of RPGs activated p53 in TP53‐wild‐type cells. In contrast, we did not see negative selection of RPG deletions in TP53‐mutant tumors. RPGs are conserved with respect to homozygous deletions, and shRNA screening data from 174 cell lines demonstrate that further suppression of hemizygously deleted RPGs inhibits cell growth. Our results establish RPG haploinsufficiency as a strikingly common vulnerability of human cancers that associates with TP53 mutations and could be targetable therapeutically.United States. National Institutes of Health (R01 HL082945)United States. National Institutes of Health (P01 CA108631
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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