1,720,974 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Ivory Tower Tax Haven
Get PDFThis paper argues that private colleges with substantial endowment wealth have increasingly become ivory tower tax havens. The author, Charlie Eaton, explains that these colleges have been supported by three large federal tax expenditures. The three tax expenditures involve tax deductible donations to endowments, untaxed endowment investment returns, and a complex new financial strategy known as indirect tax arbitrage in which private colleges use tax exempt municipal bond borrowing in place of endowment assets for capital projects
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Have Asians Really Achieved Labor Market Equity with Whites?
Get PDFSociological research on Asian Americans generally portrays Asian Americans as a high achieving group in the U.S. educational system and as a “model minority.” But how have Asians fared in the U.S. labor market? What is the labor market standing of Asians compared to whites and other racial groups? Have Asians really achieved labor market equity with whites? I argue that because of racial stigma and exclusion, Asians sometimes achieve labor market parity with whites, but Asians do not experience equity in labor markets relative to whites. Asians are still a minority in the labor market who suffer from processes and disadvantages of racialization that impede their advancement at work. By investigating nationwide datasets using statistical methods, this dissertation research seeks to show that Asians do not attain managerial authority, high status occupations, or pay levels commensurate with their levels of education and human capital acquisition.Investigating data from the General Social Survey, Chapter 2 discusses Asian underrepresentation in occupational positions of authority. Using binomial and ordinal logistic regression models, this reveals that Asians have lower odds of being positioned in top management occupations than whites and even other non-whites after controlling for educational attainment and social capital indicators. Whereas other non-white workers occupied the bottom layer of the hierarchy at higher rates, Asians were most likely to occupy intermediate professional occupations, all other conditions being equal.
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, Chapter 3 reveals that Asians are more likely than whites to receive nonmanagerial internal promotions, controlling for demographic and work characteristics. But non-managerial promotions and human capital acquisition for Asians did not lead to comparable rates of subsequent managerial promotion. Instead, controlling for past promotions, whites were considerably more likely than Asians to receive managerial promotions.
Exploring data from the American Community Survey, 2019, Chapter 4 revisits Asian income advantages in STEM and finance occupations. In STEM occupations that are dominated by men but accessible to Asians, Asians are the racial group with the highest income, net of sociodemographic and work characteristics. But incomes for Asian women have only matched those of white men. In finance occupations that are highly segregated by race and gender, Asians lacked access to occupations with the highest status and incomes such as investment banking and private equity managing director positions. Although all women were excluded from high paying finance occupations, Asian women in back-office finance jobs were less penalized than white women and non-white, non-Asian women of color.
Despite some limitations, this dissertation research provides significant implications for race and organizational scholarship. It documents a continuing significance of race at work that fundamentally influences labor the market standing of Asians
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Differential racialization of Filipinx college students
Get PDFThe ethnoracial liminality of Filipinx students may predispose them to microaggression exposure at higher rates than other Asian groups. Using a large survey of early college undergraduates, I ask if Filipinx students report more frequent racial microaggressions than other Asian groups. I investigate this by running OLS regression on student exposure to peer, staff, and faculty microaggressions, controlling for gender, socio-economic status, and nativity. I find, with some limitations, that Filipinx students report higher rates than Asian ‘honorary white’ groups, confirming their collective black placement. I also find overall that peers are a more frequent source of racial microaggressions than staff or faculty. I suggest further investigation of Filipinx status in interaction with socio-economic status, migration and multiracial status
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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Navigating and Negotiating the University: How Student Racial Composition Matters for Black and Latina Faculty Experiences
No full textStudents of color are entering academia at greater rates than ever before, yet Black and Latina women make up only 7% of full-time faculty positions (NCES 2023). While existing research details the experiences of women of color in the academic labor market through individual case studies, there remains a need for research that compares the experiences of Black and Latina faculty across a range of institutions to examine how their encounters with institutional and interactional racism may differ based on their institutional context. Variations in tokenization, workload distribution, campus-based interactions, and taxation across different types of institutions highlight the need to break down factors that contribute to this inequality, in order to avoid generalizing the experiences of all women of color. This study uses a typology composed of three institutional categories defined as High Match Universities (HMUs), Middle/Low Match Universities (MLMUs), and Very Low Match Universities (VLMUs) to better understand the impact of student-faculty racial composition on faculty experiences. Using a qualitative approach composed of in-depth semi-structured interviews, this analysis examines the experiences of 35 Black and Latina-identifying tenure-track faculty members at HBCUs (public or private) and 4-year public universities. Findings indicate that the racial composition and institutional context of Black and Latina faculty's workplaces influence how they navigate and negotiate their various roles, how they encounter tokenization and taxation, and their interactions with colleagues and students. Furthermore, it is evident that student-faculty match fosters distinct racialized and gendered experiences for Black and Latina faculty
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